中考英语首字母快速突破001-2021上海宝山英语二模

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原文

What is laughter？
Laughter is natural for people. We start to laugh at about four months of age. We start to laugh even before we start to speak!Laughter is social. It connects us with other people. We laugh more when we are with other people. Studies find that we are 30 times more likely to laugh with others than when we are a（1） . When one person laughs, other people begin to laugh, too. It is difficult to pretend. Laughter is h（2） . Try to laugh right now. It's difficult，isn't it？ When people pretend to laugh， most people know it's not real. Studies show that people don't like the sound of fake（虚假的）laughter. When do people laugh？Only 10 to 20 percent of laughter is about something funny. Most laughter is about being friendly with other people. Most laughter says "I don't want to compete with you. I like to be with you." This kind of laughter brings people t（3）.We often laugh when we feel n（4） . At the beginning of the meeting，someone often tells a joke. It's usually a small joke， but we laugh a lot. Our laughter helps us relax.
What is funny？
Some things are funny because we don't e（5） them. When a joke begins, we already have an idea about the end. We think we know the end, but then the joke ends in a different way. The end of the joke surprises us. It makes us laugh. Silly things are sometimes funny. We laugh at jokes about people and their m（6） because we know something they don't know. We think we are better than they are. Not everyone has the same sense of humor（幽默感）. Some people think a joke is funny，but other people don't think so. People have different idea about what is funny. For young children， the world is new. Many things surprise them， so they laugh a lot. Teenagers often worry about what others think of them. They laugh to p（7） themselves. Teenagers laugh when they feel embarrassed. Adults laugh at things that give them stress. Our reasons for laughter change over time.

文章大意

什么是笑声

笑对于人类来说是自然的，且具有很强的社交性。人们从婴儿时期就开始笑，而且与他人在一起时更容易发笑。大多数笑声并非源于某事的趣味性，而是表达友好与亲近。此外，笑是真实的情感表达，难以伪装，而虚假的笑声往往被识破。笑往往发生在人们感到放松或愉快的时候，如会议开始时有人讲笑话，人们会因此大笑，有助于放松身心

什么是有趣的

有些事物之所以有趣，是因为我们预期之外的结果或表现，比如笑话的结局出乎意料。有时我们也会嘲笑别人的愚蠢或错误，因为我们认为自己更优越。每个人的幽默感不同，因此对有趣事物的看法也不同。孩子们因为对世界充满好奇和惊奇而经常笑；青少年可能因为想缓解尴尬或想证明自己而笑；成年人则可能因为缓解压力而笑。总之，我们笑的原因会随着时间和经历的变化而改变

解析

1 Studies find that we are 30 times more likely to laugh with others than when we are a（1）alone .

翻译

研究发现，我们与他人相处时发笑的可能性是独处时的30倍

分析

than比较 前面是 laugh with others 和其他人一起笑，和后面我们自己独处

we are 后面跟形容词，alone 可以做形容词 表示 单独的；独自的

2 Laughter is h（2） honest .

翻译

笑是诚实的

分析

前面说It is difficult to pretend(假装、装作、虚构) 假装是很难的，不假装的笑是真诚的、诚实的

根据句子结构可知此处需要填形容词，故答案是 honest (诚实的、正直的、坦诚的)

3 This kind of laughter brings people t（3）together .

翻译

这种笑声把人们聚到了一起

分析

前面一句 Most laughter says "I don't want to compete with you. I like to be with you."，意思为我不想与你竞争。我喜欢和你在一起

根据语境可知，笑声把可以把人民团结一起，故答案 bring together是动词短语，表示 团结起来，使在一起

4 We often laugh when we feel n（4）nervous .

翻译

当我们感到紧张时，我们经常会笑

分析

后面一句答疑是会议开始时，经常有人讲笑话，人们在笑时，可以放松

后面提到笑可以放松，说明感觉紧张时，经常会笑，feel后面根据跟一个形容词

故答案是 nervous (紧张的；焦虑的；神经质的)

5 Some things are funny because we don't e（5） expect them.

翻译

有些事情之所以有趣，是因为我们没有预料到它们

分析

后面一句意思在笑话开始时，我们对笑话的结果有个预判，但笑话往往和预期不同

我们不能预料他们,根据句子结构此处填动词预料 ，预期，故答案为 expect (期待；预期；盼望)

6 We laugh at jokes about people and their m（6）mistakes because we know something they don't know.

翻译

我们嘲笑那些关于人们和他们犯的错误的笑话，是因为我们知道一些他们所不知道的事情。

分析

前面2句愚蠢的事情有趣，做笨，傻的一些事情的人犯一些我们认为不应该的错误

故答案为 mistakes (错误、失误)

7 They laugh to p（7）protect themselves.

翻译

他们笑是为了保护自己

分析

后面一句 Teenagers laugh when they feel embarrassed (青少年在感到尴尬时会笑)

这是为了掩饰和保护自己，故答案为 protect (保护)