webapi创建及POST、GET访问
一、webapi创建
1、创建项目
我使用的是VS2015,点开新建项目,安装如下操作执行:
.
2、设置路由
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "DefaultApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
3、设置控制器
在Controllers 文件夹下创建一个示例控制器: apiController
至此webapi创建完成。
二、webapi访问
这里主要说明get和post访问方法。浏览器默认使用GET请求方式,如果要使用POST请求,需要下载插件,如火狐的RESTclient,ctrl+shift+A可进入下载。
[HttpGet]:表示使用GET访问;(同时GET方式访问可以给函数命名为Get***)
[HttpPost]:表示使用POST访问;
[AcceptVerbs("GET", "POST")]:POST和GET方法都支持;
1、Get请求
[HttpGet] public HttpResponseMessage GetSendRequest(string mo) { string rStr = ""; HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); webRequest.Method = "GET"; HttpWebResponse webResponse; try { //如果没有try...catch语句访问页面出现错误时本句会显示错误,使程序无法运行 webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse(); //请求页面信息 } catch (WebException ex) { webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)ex.Response; //获得错误发生时候服务器段错误页面的源代码 } StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream(), System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8")); //GetResponseStream()方法获取HTTP响应的数据流,并尝试取得URL中所指定的网页内容 //StreamReader类的Read方法依次读取网页源程序代码每一行的内容,直至行尾(读取的编码格式:UTF8) rStr = sr.ReadToEnd(); sr.Close(); webResponse.Close(); //HttpResponseMessage result = new HttpResponseMessage { Content = new StringContent(rStr, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8"), "application/json") }; //避免页面出现<string></string>,只返回json字段 //return result; return rStr; }
访问网址:http://localhost:58601/api/api/GetSendRequest?mo=001000012111
(http://localhost:58601/api/控制器名/方法名)
2、POST请求
[HttpPost] public string SendRequest(string param) { HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url); Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8; byte[] bs = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(param); string responseData = String.Empty; req.Method = "POST"; //application/x-www-form-urlencoded默认是a=1&b=2&c=3类型 //application/json默认参数是a:1&b:2&c:3类 req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; req.ContentLength = bs.Length;
try
{ using (Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStream()) { reqStream.Write(bs, 0, bs.Length); reqStream.Close(); } using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse()) { using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), encoding)) { responseData = reader.ReadToEnd().ToString(); } }
catch (Exception e)
{
} // HttpResponseMessage result = new HttpResponseMessage { Content = new StringContent(responseData, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8"), "application/json") }; return responseData; }
访问网址:http://localhost:58601/api/api/SendRequest?param=0&moid=1&partno=2&stationid=T
(http://localhost:58601/api/控制器名/方法名)