python 连接数据库
由于Python统一了数据库连接的接口,所以 pymysql 和 MySQLdb 在使用方式上是类似的:
pymysql.Connect()参数说明 host(str): MySQL服务器地址 port(int): MySQL服务器端口号 user(str): 用户名 passwd(str): 密码 db(str): 数据库名称 charset(str): 连接编码 connection对象支持的方法 cursor() 使用该连接创建并返回游标 commit() 提交当前事务 rollback() 回滚当前事务 close() 关闭连接 cursor对象支持的方法 execute(op) 执行一个数据库的查询命令 fetchone() 取得结果集的下一行 fetchmany(size) 获取结果集的下几行 fetchall() 获取结果集中的所有行 rowcount() 返回数据条数或影响行数 close() 关闭游标对象
==================MySQL===================
首先在连接数据库之前,先创建一个交易表,方便测试 pymysql 的功能:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `trade`; CREATE TABLE `trade` ( `id` int(4) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(6) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户真实姓名', `account` varchar(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '银行储蓄账号', `saving` decimal(8,2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.00' COMMENT '账户储蓄金额', `expend` decimal(8,2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.00' COMMENT '账户支出总计', `income` decimal(8,2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.00' COMMENT '账户收入总计', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `name_UNIQUE` (`name`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; INSERT INTO `trade` VALUES (1,'乔布斯','18012345678',0.00,0.00,0.00);
==================Python===================
使用Python脚本实现增删改查和事务处理,源码如下:
import pymysql.cursors # 连接数据库 connect = pymysql.Connect( host='localhost', port=3310, user='woider', passwd='3243', db='python', charset='utf8' ) # 获取游标 cursor = connect.cursor() # 插入数据 sql = "INSERT INTO trade (name, account, saving) VALUES ( '%s', '%s', %.2f )" data = ('雷军', '13512345678', 10000) cursor.execute(sql % data) connect.commit() print('成功插入', cursor.rowcount, '条数据') # 修改数据 sql = "UPDATE trade SET saving = %.2f WHERE account = '%s' " data = (8888, '13512345678') cursor.execute(sql % data) connect.commit() print('成功修改', cursor.rowcount, '条数据') # 查询数据 sql = "SELECT name,saving FROM trade WHERE account = '%s' " data = ('13512345678',) cursor.execute(sql % data) for row in cursor.fetchall(): print("Name:%s\tSaving:%.2f" % row) print('共查找出', cursor.rowcount, '条数据') # 删除数据 sql = "DELETE FROM trade WHERE account = '%s' LIMIT %d" data = ('13512345678', 1) cursor.execute(sql % data) connect.commit() print('成功删除', cursor.rowcount, '条数据') # 事务处理 sql_1 = "UPDATE trade SET saving = saving + 1000 WHERE account = '18012345678' " sql_2 = "UPDATE trade SET expend = expend + 1000 WHERE account = '18012345678' " sql_3 = "UPDATE trade SET income = income + 2000 WHERE account = '18012345678' " try: cursor.execute(sql_1) # 储蓄增加1000 cursor.execute(sql_2) # 支出增加1000 cursor.execute(sql_3) # 收入增加2000 except Exception as e: connect.rollback() # 事务回滚 print('事务处理失败', e) else: connect.commit() # 事务提交 print('事务处理成功', cursor.rowcount) # 关闭连接 cursor.close() connect.close()