Ribbon源
在Riibon中一个非常重要的组件为LoadBalancerClient，它作为负载均衡的一个客户端
ServiceInstance choose(String serviceId); 从负载均衡器中挑选一个对应服务的实例
choose 调用到getserver
protected Server getServer(ILoadBalancer loadBalancer) { if (loadBalancer == null) { return null; } return loadBalancer.chooseServer("default"); // TODO: better handling of key }
ILoadBalancer在ribbon-loadbalancer的jar包下,它是定义了实现软件负载均衡的一个接口，它需要一组可供选择的服务注册列表信息，以及根据特定方法去选择服务，
public interface ILoadBalancer { public void addServers(List<Server> newServers); public Server chooseServer(Object key); public void markServerDown(Server server); public List<Server> getReachableServers(); public List<Server> getAllServers(); }
实现类为DynamicServerListLoadBalancer
构造传入
public DynamicServerListLoadBalancer(IClientConfig clientConfig, IRule rule, IPing ping, ServerList<T> serverList, ServerListFilter<T> filter, ServerListUpdater serverListUpdater) { super(clientConfig, rule, ping); this.serverListImpl = serverList; this.filter = filter; this.serverListUpdater = serverListUpdater; if (filter instanceof AbstractServerListFilter) { ((AbstractServerListFilter) filter).setLoadBalancerStats(getLoadBalancerStats()); } restOfInit(clientConfig); }
- IClientConfig ribbonClientConfig: DefaultClientConfigImpl配置
- IRule ribbonRule: RoundRobinRule 路由策略
- IPing ribbonPing: DummyPing 检查是否活着
- ServerList ribbonServerList: ConfigurationBasedServerList 定义获取所有的server的注册列表信息的接口
- ServerListFilter ribbonServerListFilter: ZonePreferenceServerListFilter 可根据配置去过滤或者根据特性动态获取符合条件的server列表的方法
- ILoadBalancer ribbonLoadBalancer: ZoneAwareLoadBalancer
void restOfInit(IClientConfig clientConfig) { boolean primeConnection = this.isEnablePrimingConnections(); // turn this off to avoid duplicated asynchronous priming done in BaseLoadBalancer.setServerList() this.setEnablePrimingConnections(false); enableAndInitLearnNewServersFeature(); updateListOfServers(); if (primeConnection && this.getPrimeConnections() != null) { this.getPrimeConnections() .primeConnections(getReachableServers()); } this.setEnablePrimingConnections(primeConnection); LOGGER.info("DynamicServerListLoadBalancer for client {} initialized: {}", clientConfig.getClientName(), this.toString()); }
继续追踪是在这里通过EurekaClient找到服务列表，EurekaClient的实现类为DiscoveryClient，它具有服务注册、获取服务注册列表等的全部功能 由此可见，
负载均衡器是从EurekaClient获取服务信息，并根据IRule去路由，并且根据IPing去判断服务的可用性
private List<DiscoveryEnabledServer> obtainServersViaDiscovery() { List<DiscoveryEnabledServer> serverList = new ArrayList<DiscoveryEnabledServer>(); if (eurekaClientProvider == null || eurekaClientProvider.get() == null) { logger.warn("EurekaClient has not been initialized yet, returning an empty list"); return new ArrayList<DiscoveryEnabledServer>(); } EurekaClient eurekaClient = eurekaClientProvider.get(); if (vipAddresses!=null){ for (String vipAddress : vipAddresses.split(",")) { // if targetRegion is null, it will be interpreted as the same region of client List<InstanceInfo> listOfInstanceInfo = eurekaClient.getInstancesByVipAddress(vipAddress, isSecure, targetRegion); for (InstanceInfo ii : listOfInstanceInfo) { if (ii.getStatus().equals(InstanceStatus.UP)) { if(shouldUseOverridePort){ if(logger.isDebugEnabled()){ logger.debug("Overriding port on client name: " + clientName + " to " + overridePort); } // copy is necessary since the InstanceInfo builder just uses the original reference, // and we don't want to corrupt the global eureka copy of the object which may be // used by other clients in our system InstanceInfo copy = new InstanceInfo(ii); if(isSecure){ ii = new InstanceInfo.Builder(copy).setSecurePort(overridePort).build(); }else{ ii = new InstanceInfo.Builder(copy).setPort(overridePort).build(); } } DiscoveryEnabledServer des = new DiscoveryEnabledServer(ii, isSecure, shouldUseIpAddr); des.setZone(DiscoveryClient.getZone(ii)); serverList.add(des); } } if (serverList.size()>0 && prioritizeVipAddressBasedServers){ break; // if the current vipAddress has servers, we dont use subsequent vipAddress based servers } } } return serverList; }
由此可见，负载均衡器是从EurekaClient获取服务信息，并根据IRule去路由，并且根据IPing去判断服务的可用性。
负载均衡器多久ping一次呢BaseLoadBalancer
LoadBalancerClient会在初始化会向Eureka拉取服务注册列表，并且向通过10s一次向EurekaClient发送“ping”，来判断服务的可用性，如果服务的可用性发生了改变或者服务数量和之前的不一致，则更新或者重新拉取。LoadBalancerClient有了这些服务注册列表，就可以根据具体的IRule来进行负载均衡。
LoadBalancerAutoConfiguration 中会对RestTemplate进行定制
@Configuration @ConditionalOnClass(RestTemplate.class) @ConditionalOnBean(LoadBalancerClient.class) @EnableConfigurationProperties(LoadBalancerRetryProperties.class) public class LoadBalancerAutoConfiguration { @LoadBalanced @Autowired(required = false) private List<RestTemplate> restTemplates = Collections.emptyList(); @Bean public SmartInitializingSingleton loadBalancedRestTemplateInitializerDeprecated( final ObjectProvider<List<RestTemplateCustomizer>> restTemplateCustomizers) { return () -> restTemplateCustomizers.ifAvailable(customizers -> { for (RestTemplate restTemplate : LoadBalancerAutoConfiguration.this.restTemplates) { for (RestTemplateCustomizer customizer : customizers) { customizer.customize(restTemplate); } } }); } @Autowired(required = false) private List<LoadBalancerRequestTransformer> transformers = Collections.emptyList(); @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean public LoadBalancerRequestFactory loadBalancerRequestFactory( LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient) { return new LoadBalancerRequestFactory(loadBalancerClient, transformers); } @Configuration @ConditionalOnMissingClass("org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate") static class LoadBalancerInterceptorConfig { @Bean public LoadBalancerInterceptor ribbonInterceptor( LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient, LoadBalancerRequestFactory requestFactory) { return new LoadBalancerInterceptor(loadBalancerClient, requestFactory); } @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean public RestTemplateCustomizer restTemplateCustomizer( final LoadBalancerInterceptor loadBalancerInterceptor) { return restTemplate -> { List<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> list = new ArrayList<>( restTemplate.getInterceptors()); list.add(loadBalancerInterceptor); restTemplate.setInterceptors(list); }; } }
RestTemplateCustomizer 定制器调用 customizer.customize(restTemplate)
在该类中，首先维护了一个被@LoadBalanced修饰的RestTemplate对象的List，在初始化的过程中，通过调用customizer.customize(restTemplate)方法来给RestTemplate增加
拦截器LoadBalancerInterceptor。
而LoadBalancerInterceptor，用于实时拦截，在LoadBalancerInterceptor这里实现来负载均衡。LoadBalancerInterceptor的拦截方法如下：
@Override public ClientHttpResponse intercept(final HttpRequest request, final byte[] body, final ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException { final URI originalUri = request.getURI(); String serviceName = originalUri.getHost(); Assert.state(serviceName != null, "Request URI does not contain a valid hostname: " + originalUri); return this.loadBalancer.execute(serviceName, requestFactory.createRequest(request, body, execution)); }
综上所述，Ribbon的负载均衡，主要通过LoadBalancerClient来实现的，而LoadBalancerClient具体交给了ILoadBalancer来处理，ILoadBalancer通过配置IRule、IPing等信息，并向EurekaClient获取注册列表的信息，并默认10秒一次向EurekaClient发送“ping”,进而检查是否更新服务列表，最后，得到注册列表后，ILoadBalancer根据IRule的策略进行负载均衡。
而RestTemplate 被@LoadBalance注解后，能过用负载均衡，主要是维护了一个被@LoadBalance注解的RestTemplate列表，并给列表中的RestTemplate添加拦截器，进而交给负载均衡器去处理。
