BBS - 个人站点页面

 

 

一.日期归档查询(知识点--个人站点页面的日期查询)

1   date_format

======================date,time,datetime===============

   create table t_mul_new (d date,t time,dt datetime);

   insert into t_mul values(now(),now(),now());

   insert * from t_mul;

  mysql > select * from t_mul;

mysql> use test2
Database changed
mysql>
mysql> create table t_mul_new(d date, t time, dt datetime);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (2.11 sec)

mysql> insert into t_mul_new values(now(), now(), now());
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.49 sec)

mysql> select * from t_mul_new;
+------------+----------+---------------------+
| d          | t        | dt                  |
+------------+----------+---------------------+
| 2018-08-02 | 22:59:15 | 2018-08-02 22:59:15 |
+------------+----------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select dt from t_mul_new;
+---------------------+
| dt                  |
+---------------------+
| 2018-08-02 22:59:15 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select date_format(dt, "%Y-%m") from t_mul_new;
+--------------------------+
| date_format(dt, "%Y-%m") |
+--------------------------+
| 2018-08                  |
+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.05 sec)


mysql> select date_format(dt, "%Y-%m-%d") from t_mul_new;
+-----------------------------+
| date_format(dt, "%Y-%m-%d") |
+-----------------------------+
| 2018-08-02                  |
+-----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select date_format(dt, "%Y/%m/%d") from t_mul_new;
+-----------------------------+
| date_format(dt, "%Y/%m/%d") |
+-----------------------------+
| 2018/08/02                  |
+-----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

 

2.extra

extra(select=None, where=None, params=None, 
tables=None, order_by=None, select_params=None)

  有些情况下,Django的查询语法难以简单的表达复杂的 WHERE 子句,对于这种情况, Django 提供了 extra() QuerySet修改机制 — 它能在 QuerySet生成的SQL从句中注入新子句

  extra可以指定一个或多个 参数,例如 selectwhere or tables这些参数都不是必须的,但是你至少要使用一个!要注意这些额外的方式对不同的数据库引擎可能存在移植性问题.(因为你在显式的书写SQL语句),除非万不得已,尽量避免这样做

参数之select

  The select 参数可以让你在 SELECT 从句中添加其他字段信息,它应该是一个字典,存放着属性名到 SQL 从句的映射。

queryResult=models.Article
           .objects.extra(select={'is_recent': "create_time > '2017-09-05'"})

  结果集中每个 Entry 对象都有一个额外的属性is_recent, 它是一个布尔值,表示 Article对象的create_time 是否晚于2017-09-05.

  练习:

复制代码
# in sqlite:
    article_obj=models.Article.objects
              .filter(nid=1)
              .extra(select={"standard_time":"strftime('%%Y-%%m-%%d',create_time)"})
              .values("standard_time","nid","title") print(article_obj) # <QuerySet [{'title': 'MongoDb 入门教程', 'standard_time': '2017-09-03', 'nid': 1}]>
复制代码

  models.Article.objects(拿到所有的文章,等同于objects.all).extra(循环Article里边的每一个对象,给它加一个键值,键是“is_recent”,值是每一个Article对应执行的sql语句,写ORM的时候从来没这么写过,这个sql语句会对应每一个Article对象进行执行,执行一次统计出来一个结果如果大于了就返回1小于了就返回0;处理完的结果依然是Queryset,不同的是每一个Article对象多了个属性叫is_recent) 

  TruncMonth函数,例子:Sales商品表,按照之前就进行分组统计了,但它并没有,timestamp把它理解为create_time,TruncMonth把它截断只截到年月,然后赋值给了month字段;跟方式一是一样的,方式一用date_format来截断赋给了一个叫y_m_date这样子一个键。Sales里边就多加了一个叫month的属性。.values就相当于Group By month,再annotate统计哪个字段的数量,再最终显示month和c值。

 

二.个人站点信息的查询

  views.py

def home_site(request, username, **kwargs):
    '''
    个人站点视图函数
    :param request:
    :return:
    '''

    print("username", username)
    user = UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).first()  # 过滤,判断是否有这个名字
    # 判断当前用户是否存在!
    if not user:
        return render(request, "not_found.html")


    # 查询当前站点对象

    blog = user.blog

    # 当前用户或者当前站点对应的所有文章
    # 基于对象
    # article_list = user.article_set.all()
    # 基于 __

    article_list = models.Article.objects.filter(user=user)

  # 个人站点页面的标签与分类查询
  # 每一个后的模型.objects.values("pk").annotate(聚合函数(关联表__统计字段)).values("表模型的所在字段")
# 查询每一个分类名称以及对应的文章数 ret = models.Category.objects.values("pk").annotate(c=Count("article__title")).values("title", "c") print(ret) # <QuerySet [{'c': 1, 'title': 'AI'}, {'c': 1, 'title': 'SQL'}, {'c': 1, 'title': 'JAVA'}]> # 查询当前站点的每一个分类名称以及对应的文章数 cate_list = models.Category.objects.filter(blog=blog).values("pk").annotate(c=Count("article__title")).values("title", "c") print(cate_list) # 查询当前站点的每一个标签名称以及对应的文章数 tag_list = models.Tag.objects.filter(blog=blog).values("pk").annotate(c=Count("article__title")).values("title", "c") print(tag_list) # 个人站点页面的日期查询 # 查询当前站点每一个年月的名称以及对应的文章数    # 新加一个字段的单表查询;你如果按create_time,它是年月日时分秒,根本没法分类分在一起

# 日期归档方式一: # date_list = models.Article.objects.filter(user=user).extra(select={"y_m_date": "date_format(create_time, '%%Y-%%m')"}).values("y_m_date").annotate(c=Count("title")).values("y_m_date", "c") # print(date_list) # 日期归档方式二:(导入TruncMonth函数) from django.db.models.functions import TruncMonth date_list = models.Article.objects.filter(user=user).annotate(month=TruncMonth("create_time")).values("month").annotate(c=Count("title")).values("month", "c") print(date_list) # 要把settings里边改成USE_TZ= False;不然会报错 return render(request, "home_site.html", {"username": username, "blog": blog, "article_list": article_list, "cate_list": cate_list, "tag_list": tag_list, "date_list": date_list})

  在个人站点的视图函数中构建数据--->>传到home_site模板中进行渲染

 

三.个人站点页面的渲染布局

   home_site.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/blog/bs/css/bootstrap.css">
    <style>
        *{
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }
        .header{
            width: 100%;
            height: 60px;
            background-color: #369;

        }
        .content .title{
            font-size: 18px;
            font-weight: 100;
            line-height: 60px;
            color: white;
            margin-left: 20px;
        }
        .backend{
            float: right;
            color: white;
            text-decoration: none;
            font-size: 14px;
            margin-top: 10px;
            margin-right: 15px;
        }
        .pub_info{
            margin-top: 10px;
            color: darkgrey;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="header">
        <div class="content">
            <p class="title">
                <span>{{ blog.title }}</span>
                <a href=""  class="backend">管理</a>
            </p>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="container">
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-3">
                <div class="panel panel-warning">
                <div class="panel-heading">我的标签</div>
                <div class="panel-body">
                    {% for tag in tag_list %}
                    <p><a href="">{{ tag.title }}</a>({{ tag.c }})</p>
                    {% endfor %}
                </div>
                </div>

                <div class="panel panel-danger">
                <div class="panel-heading">随笔分类</div>
                <div class="panel-body">
                    {% for cate in cate_list %}
                    <p><a href="">{{ cate.title }}</a>({{ cate.c }})</p>
                    {% endfor %}

                </div>
                </div>

                <div class="panel panel-info">
                <div class="panel-heading">随笔归档</div>
                <div class="panel-body">
                    {% for date in date_list %}
                    <p><a href="">{{ date.month|date:"Y-m" }}</a>({{ date.c }})</p>
                    {% endfor %}

                </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="col-md-9">
                <div class="article_list">
                {% for article in article_list %}
                    <div class="article_item clearfix">  {# clearfix:清除浮动 #}
                        <h5><a href="">{{ article.title }}</a></h5>
                        <div class="article_desc">

                            <span class="media-right">
                                {{ article.desc }}
                            </span>
                        </div>
                        <div class="small pub_info pull-right">

                            <span>发布于&nbsp&nbsp{{ article.create_time|date:"Y-m-d H:i" }}</span>&nbsp&nbsp
                            <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-comment"></span><a href="">评论({{ article.comment_count }})</a>&nbsp&nbsp
                            <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-thumbs-up"></span><a href="">点赞({{ article.up_count }})</a>
                        </div>

                    </div>

                    <hr>
                {% endfor %}

            </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>


</body>
</html>

 

  views.py

from django.db.models.functions import TruncMonth
    date_list = models.Article.objects.filter(user=user).annotate(month=TruncMonth("create_time")).values("month").annotate(c=Count("title")).values("month", "c")
    print(date_list)

   # 视图层要传
return render(request, "home_site.html", {"username": username, "blog": blog, "article_list": article_list, "cate_list": cate_list, "tag_list": tag_list, "date_list": date_list})

四.个人站点页面的跳转过滤功能的实现

   url.py(路由设置)

# -*- encoding:utf-8 -*-


urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('login/', views.login),
    path('index/', views.index),
    re_path('^$', views.index),   # 在首页不用index也可以显示出
    path('register/', views.register),
    path('get_valid_img/', views.get_valid_img),
    path('logout/', views.logout),

    # media配置
    re_path(r"media/(?P<path>.*)$", serve, {"document_root": settings.MEDIA_ROOT}),

    # 个人站点url  
re_path('^(?P<username>\w+)/$', views.home_site), # \w+:数字和字母 # 个人站点跳转(标签,分类,归档路由设计)
    # 根路径直接加username,w+包含数字和字母,不包含特殊符号;有名分组;
# .* 传的时候让它能够识别出特殊符号 / ,任何符号都可以匹配的参数param组(如2019/02.html)
    re_path('^(?P<username>\w+)/(?P<condition>tag|category|archive)/(?P<param>.*)/$', views.home_site), # \w+:数字和字母 
]

 

  views.py

def home_site(request, username, **kwargs):  # 一个是接收2个参数,一个是接收4个参数;先接收2个,如果再有就放到**kwargs;
    '''
    个人站点视图函数
    :param request:
    :return:
    '''

    print("username", username)
    user = UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).first()
    # 判断当前用户是否存在!
    if not user:
        return render(request, "not_found.html")


    # 查询当前站点对象

    blog = user.blog

    # 当前用户或者当前站点对应的所有文章
    # 基于对象
    # article_list = user.article_set.all()
    # 基于 __

    article_list = models.Article.objects.filter(user=user)

    if kwargs:
        condition = kwargs.get("condition")
        param = kwargs.get("param")

        if condition == "category":
            article_list = article_list.filter(category__title=param)
        elif condition == "tag":
            article_list = article_list.filter(tags__title=param)
        else:
            year, month = param.split("-")
            article_list = article_list.filter(create_time__year=year, create_time__month=month)

  home_site.html

 

<div class="container">
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-3">
                <div class="panel panel-warning">
                <div class="panel-heading">我的标签</div>
                <div class="panel-body">
                    {% for tag in tag_list %}
                    <p><a href="/{{ username }}/tag/{{ tag.title }}">{{ tag.title }}</a>({{ tag.c }})</p>
                    {% endfor %}
                </div>
                </div>

                <div class="panel panel-danger">
                <div class="panel-heading">随笔分类</div>
                <div class="panel-body">
                    {% for cate in cate_list %}
                    <p><a href="/{{ username }}/category/{{ cate.title }}">{{ cate.title }}</a>({{ cate.c }})</p>
                    {% endfor %}

                </div>
                </div>

                <div class="panel panel-info">
                <div class="panel-heading">随笔归档</div>
                <div class="panel-body">
                    {% for date in date_list %}
                    <p><a href="/{{ username }}/archive/{{ date.month|date:"Y-m" }}">{{ date.month|date:"Y-m" }}</a>({{ date.c }})</p>
                    {% endfor %}

                </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="col-md-9">
                <div class="article_list">
                {% for article in article_list %}
                    <div class="article_item clearfix">  {# clearfix:清除浮动 #}
                        <h5><a href="">{{ article.title }}</a></h5>
                        <div class="article_desc">

                            <span class="media-right">
                                {{ article.desc }}
                            </span>
                        </div>
                        <div class="small pub_info pull-right">

                            <span>发布于&nbsp&nbsp{{ article.create_time|date:"Y-m-d H:i" }}</span>&nbsp&nbsp
                            <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-comment"></span><a href="">评论({{ article.comment_count }})</a>&nbsp&nbsp
                            <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-thumbs-up"></span><a href="">点赞({{ article.up_count }})</a>
                        </div>

                    </div>

                    <hr>
                {% endfor %}

            </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

 

posted @ 2019-03-04 17:29  mumupa0824  阅读(431)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报