QT数据可视化框架编程实战之三维柱状图_补天云QT技术培训专家
QT数据可视化框架编程实战之三维柱状图_补天云QT技术培训专家
简介
本文将介绍QT数据可视化框架编程实战之三维柱状图可视化的运行效果以及具体实现代码。
(本文广泛参考了QT数据可视化框架的例程。)
正文
QT数据可视化框架编程实战:三维柱状图可视化运行效果
QT数据可视化框架编程实战之三维柱状图可视化的运行效果如下图所示。数据按照每年12个月,每月数据对应一个三维柱体。共三个坐标轴,水平方向的两个坐标轴分别是年份和月份;垂直方向一个坐标轴是收入。
演示视频如下所示:
QT数据可视化框架编程实战之三维柱状图 补天云QT技术培训专家
读者也可以访问这个链接观看演示视频:
QT数据可视化框架编程实战之三维柱状图 补天云QT技术培训专家
主程序实现C++代码
#include <QtGui/qguiapplication.h>
#include <QtQuick/qquickview.h>
#include <QtQml/qqmlengine.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
qputenv("QSG_RHI_BACKEND", "opengl");
QGuiApplication app(argc, argv);
QQuickView viewer;
QString extraImportPath(QStringLiteral("%1/../../../../%2"));
viewer.engine()->addImportPath(extraImportPath.arg(QGuiApplication::applicationDirPath(),
QString::fromLatin1("qml")));
viewer.setTitle(QStringLiteral("Monthly income"));
viewer.setSource(QUrl("qrc:/qml/qmlbars/main.qml"));
viewer.setResizeMode(QQuickView::SizeRootObjectToView);
viewer.setColor("black");
viewer.show();
return app.exec();
}
主场景 QML代码
main.qml文件:
import QtQuick
import QtQuick.Controls
import QtQuick.Layouts
import QtDataVisualization
import Qt.labs.qmlmodels
pragma ComponentBehavior: Bound
Item {
id: mainview
width: 1280
height: 1024
property int buttonLayoutHeight: 180
property int currentRow
state: "landscape"
Data {
id: graphData
}
Axes {
id: graphAxes
}
property Bar3DSeries selectedSeries
selectedSeries: barSeries
function handleSelectionChange(series, position) {
if (position !== series.invalidSelectionPosition)
selectedSeries = series;
// Set tableView current row to selected bar
var rowRole = series.dataProxy.rowLabels[position.x];
var colRole;
if (barGraph.columnAxis == graphAxes.total)
colRole = "01";
else
colRole = series.dataProxy.columnLabels[position.y];
var checkTimestamp = rowRole + "-" + colRole;
if (currentRow === -1 || checkTimestamp !== graphData.model.get(currentRow).timestamp) {
var totalRows = tableView.rows;
for (var i = 0; i < totalRows; i++) {
var modelTimestamp = graphData.model.get(i).timestamp;
if (modelTimestamp === checkTimestamp) {
currentRow = i;
break;
}
}
}
}
Item {
id: dataView
anchors.right: mainview.right
anchors.bottom: mainview.bottom
Bars3D {
id: barGraph
anchors.fill: parent
shadowQuality: AbstractGraph3D.ShadowQualitySoftHigh
selectionMode: AbstractGraph3D.SelectionItem
theme: Theme3D {
type: Theme3D.ThemeEbony
labelBorderEnabled: true
font.pointSize: 35
labelBackgroundEnabled: true
colorStyle: Theme3D.ColorStyleRangeGradient
singleHighlightGradient: customGradient
ColorGradient {
id: customGradient
ColorGradientStop { position: 1.0; color: "#FFFF00" }
ColorGradientStop { position: 0.0; color: "#808000" }
}
}
barThickness: 0.7
barSpacing: Qt.size(0.5, 0.5)
barSpacingRelative: false
scene.activeCamera.cameraPreset: Camera3D.CameraPresetIsometricLeftHigh
columnAxis: graphAxes.column
rowAxis: graphAxes.row
valueAxis: graphAxes.value
Bar3DSeries {
id: barSeries
itemLabelFormat: "Income, @colLabel, @rowLabel: @valueLabel"
baseGradient: barGradient
ItemModelBarDataProxy {
id: modelProxy
itemModel: graphData.model
rowRole: "timestamp"
columnRole: "timestamp"
valueRole: "income"
rowRolePattern: /^(\d\d\d\d).*$/
columnRolePattern: /^.*-(\d\d)$/
rowRoleReplace: "\\1"
columnRoleReplace: "\\1"
multiMatchBehavior: ItemModelBarDataProxy.MMBCumulative
}
//! [3]
ColorGradient {
id: barGradient
ColorGradientStop { position: 1.0; color: "#00FF00" }
ColorGradientStop { position: 0.0; color: "#006000" }
}
onSelectedBarChanged: (position) => mainview.handleSelectionChange(barSeries,
position);
}
}
}
ColumnLayout {
id: tableViewLayout
anchors.top: parent.top
anchors.left: parent.left
HorizontalHeaderView {
id: headerView
readonly property var columnNames: ["Month", "Expenses", "Income"]
syncView: tableView
Layout.fillWidth: true
delegate: Text {
required property int index
padding: 3
text: headerView.columnNames[index]
color: barGraph.theme.labelTextColor
horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
verticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter
elide: Text.ElideRight
}
}
TableView {
id: tableView
Layout.fillWidth: true
Layout.fillHeight: true
reuseItems: false
clip: true
model: TableModel {
id: tableModel
TableModelColumn { display: "timestamp" }
TableModelColumn { display: "expenses" }
TableModelColumn { display: "income" }
rows: graphData.modelAsJsArray
}
delegate: Rectangle {
id: delegateRoot
required property int row
required property int column
required property string display
implicitHeight: 30
implicitWidth: column === 0 ? tableView.width / 2 : tableView.width / 4
color: row === mainview.currentRow ? barGraph.theme.gridLineColor
: barGraph.theme.windowColor
border.color: row === mainview.currentRow ? barGraph.theme.labelTextColor
: barGraph.theme.gridLineColor
border.width: 1
MouseArea {
anchors.fill: parent
onClicked: mainview.currentRow = delegateRoot.row;
}
Text {
id: delegateText
anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
width: parent.width
anchors.leftMargin: 4
anchors.left: parent.left
anchors.right: parent.right
text: formattedText
property string formattedText: {
if (delegateRoot.column === 0) {
if (delegateRoot.display !== "") {
var pattern = /(\d\d\d\d)-(\d\d)/;
var matches = pattern.exec(delegateRoot.display);
var colIndex = parseInt(matches[2], 10) - 1;
return matches[1] + " - " + graphAxes.column.labels[colIndex];
}
} else {
return delegateRoot.display;
}
}
color: barGraph.theme.labelTextColor
horizontalAlignment: delegateRoot.column === 0 ? Text.AlignLeft
: Text.AlignHCenter
elide: Text.ElideRight
}
}
}
}
//! [2]
onCurrentRowChanged: {
var timestamp = graphData.model.get(mainview.currentRow).timestamp;
var pattern = /(\d\d\d\d)-(\d\d)/;
var matches = pattern.exec(timestamp);
var rowIndex = modelProxy.rowCategoryIndex(matches[1]);
var colIndex;
if (barGraph.columnAxis == graphAxes.total)
colIndex = 0 ;// Just one column when showing yearly totals
else
colIndex = modelProxy.columnCategoryIndex(matches[2]);
if (selectedSeries.visible)
mainview.selectedSeries.selectedBar = Qt.point(rowIndex, colIndex);
else if (barSeries.visible)
barSeries.selectedBar = Qt.point(rowIndex, colIndex);
else
secondarySeries.selectedBar = Qt.point(rowIndex, colIndex);
}
//! [2]
states: [
State {
name: "landscape"
PropertyChanges {
target: dataView
width: mainview.width / 4 * 3
height: mainview.height
}
PropertyChanges {
target: tableViewLayout
height: mainview.height - buttonLayoutHeight
anchors.right: dataView.left
anchors.left: mainview.left
anchors.bottom: undefined
}
PropertyChanges {
target: controlLayout
width: mainview.width / 4
height: buttonLayoutHeight
anchors.top: tableViewLayout.bottom
anchors.bottom: mainview.bottom
anchors.left: mainview.left
anchors.right: dataView.left
}
}
]
}
坐标轴QML代码
axes.qml文件:
import QtQuick
import QtDataVisualization
Item {
property alias column: columnAxis
property alias row: rowAxis
property alias value: valueAxis
property alias total: totalAxis
// Custom labels for columns, since the data contains abbreviated month names.
//! [0]
CategoryAxis3D {
id: columnAxis
labels: ["January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June",
"July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"]
labelAutoRotation: 30
}
CategoryAxis3D {
id: totalAxis
labels: ["Yearly total"]
labelAutoRotation: 30
}
CategoryAxis3D {
id: rowAxis
labelAutoRotation: 30
}
ValueAxis3D {
id: valueAxis
min: 0
max: 35
labelFormat: "%.2f M\u20AC"
title: "Monthly income"
labelAutoRotation: 90
}
}
数据模型定义 QML代码
data.qml文件:
import QtQuick
import QtQml.Models
Item {
property alias model: dataModel
property var modelAsJsArray: {
var arr = [];
for (var i = 0; i < dataModel.count; i++) {
var row = dataModel.get(i);
arr.push({
timestamp: row.timestamp,
expenses: row.expenses,
income: row.income
});
}
return arr;
}
ListModel {
id: dataModel
ListElement{ timestamp: "2016-01"; expenses: "-4"; income: "5" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2016-02"; expenses: "-5"; income: "6" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2016-03"; expenses: "-7"; income: "4" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2016-04"; expenses: "-3"; income: "2" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2016-05"; expenses: "-4"; income: "1" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2016-06"; expenses: "-2"; income: "2" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2016-07"; expenses: "-1"; income: "3" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2016-08"; expenses: "-5"; income: "1" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2016-09"; expenses: "-2"; income: "3" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2016-10"; expenses: "-5"; income: "2" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2016-11"; expenses: "-8"; income: "5" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2016-12"; expenses: "-3"; income: "3" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2017-01"; expenses: "-3"; income: "1" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2017-02"; expenses: "-4"; income: "2" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2017-03"; expenses: "-12"; income: "4" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2017-04"; expenses: "-13"; income: "6" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2017-05"; expenses: "-14"; income: "11" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2017-06"; expenses: "-7"; income: "7" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2017-07"; expenses: "-6"; income: "4" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2017-08"; expenses: "-4"; income: "15" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2017-09"; expenses: "-2"; income: "18" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2017-10"; expenses: "-29"; income: "25" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2017-11"; expenses: "-23"; income: "29" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2017-12"; expenses: "-5"; income: "9" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2018-01"; expenses: "-3"; income: "8" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2018-02"; expenses: "-8"; income: "14" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2018-03"; expenses: "-10"; income: "20" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2018-04"; expenses: "-12"; income: "24" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2018-05"; expenses: "-10"; income: "19" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2018-06"; expenses: "-5"; income: "8" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2018-07"; expenses: "-1"; income: "4" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2018-08"; expenses: "-7"; income: "12" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2018-09"; expenses: "-4"; income: "16" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2018-10"; expenses: "-22"; income: "33" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2018-11"; expenses: "-16"; income: "25" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2018-12"; expenses: "-2"; income: "7" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2019-01"; expenses: "-4"; income: "5" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2019-02"; expenses: "-4"; income: "7" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2019-03"; expenses: "-11"; income: "14" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2019-04"; expenses: "-16"; income: "22" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2019-05"; expenses: "-3"; income: "5" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2019-06"; expenses: "-4"; income: "8" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2019-07"; expenses: "-7"; income: "9" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2019-08"; expenses: "-9"; income: "13" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2019-09"; expenses: "-1"; income: "6" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2019-10"; expenses: "-14"; income: "25" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2019-11"; expenses: "-19"; income: "29" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2019-12"; expenses: "-5"; income: "7" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2020-01"; expenses: "-14"; income: "22" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2020-02"; expenses: "-5"; income: "7" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2020-03"; expenses: "-1"; income: "9" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2020-04"; expenses: "-1"; income: "12" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2020-05"; expenses: "-5"; income: "9" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2020-06"; expenses: "-5"; income: "8" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2020-07"; expenses: "-3"; income: "7" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2020-08"; expenses: "-1"; income: "5" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2020-09"; expenses: "-2"; income: "4" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2020-10"; expenses: "-10"; income: "13" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2020-11"; expenses: "-12"; income: "17" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2020-12"; expenses: "-6"; income: "9" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2021-01"; expenses: "-2"; income: "6" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2021-02"; expenses: "-4"; income: "8" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2021-03"; expenses: "-7"; income: "12" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2021-04"; expenses: "-9"; income: "15" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2021-05"; expenses: "-7"; income: "19" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2021-06"; expenses: "-9"; income: "18" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2021-07"; expenses: "-13"; income: "17" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2021-08"; expenses: "-5"; income: "9" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2021-09"; expenses: "-3"; income: "8" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2021-10"; expenses: "-13"; income: "15" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2021-11"; expenses: "-8"; income: "17" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2021-12"; expenses: "-7"; income: "10" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2022-01"; expenses: "-12"; income: "16" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2022-02"; expenses: "-24"; income: "28" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2022-03"; expenses: "-27"; income: "22" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2022-04"; expenses: "-29"; income: "25" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2022-05"; expenses: "-27"; income: "29" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2022-06"; expenses: "-19"; income: "18" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2022-07"; expenses: "-13"; income: "17" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2022-08"; expenses: "-15"; income: "19" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2022-09"; expenses: "-3"; income: "8" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2022-10"; expenses: "-3"; income: "6" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2022-11"; expenses: "-4"; income: "8" }
ListElement{ timestamp: "2022-12"; expenses: "-5"; income: "9" }
}
}
总结
本文介绍了QT数据可视化框架编程实战之三维柱状图可视化的运行效果以及具体实现代码。
如果读者对如何快速全面了解QT框架感兴趣,可以看一下这篇文章:
如果读者对如何学习QT框架有兴趣,可以看一下这篇文章:
如果您认为这篇文章对您有所帮助,请您一定立即点赞+喜欢+收藏,本文作者将能从您的点赞+喜欢+收藏中获取到创作新的好文章的动力。如果您认为作者写的文章还有一些参考价值,您也可以关注这篇文章的作者。