python-深拷贝和浅拷贝

参考书籍:《python核心编程(第二版)》

相关模块:copy模块

1、浅拷贝

浅拷贝:对象赋值是简单的对象引用,当创建一个对象,然后把它赋值给另一个变量的时候,python并没有拷贝这个对象,而是拷贝了这个对象的引用。拷贝的对象本身是新的,但是内容不是,序列类型对象的浅拷贝是默认类型拷贝。如下代码所示:

1    # 浅拷贝
2    s1 = [1, 2, 3]
3    s2 = s1
4    print ('before change s2, s1 = ', s1)
5    print ('before change s2, s2 = ', s2)
6    s2[2] = 20
7    print ('after change s2, s1 = ', s1)
8    print ('after change s2, s2 = ', s2)

输出结果:

1 before change s2, s1 =  [1, 2, 3]
2 before change s2, s2 =  [1, 2, 3]
3 after change s2, s1 =  [1, 2, 20]
4 after change s2, s2 =  [1, 2, 20]

2、深拷贝

深拷贝:要得到一个完全拷贝或者深拷贝-创建一个新的容器对象,包含原有对象元素(引用)全新拷贝的引用-需要copy.deepcopy()函数。如下代码所示:

1    s3 = [4, 5, 6]
2    s4 = copy.deepcopy(s3)
3    print ('before change s3, s3 = ', s3)
4    print ('before change s3, s4 = ', s4)
5    s4[2] = 30
6    print ('after change s4, s3 = ', s3)
7    print ('after change s4, s4 = ', s4)

输出结果:

before change s3, s3 =  [4, 5, 6]
before change s3, s4 =  [4, 5, 6]
after change s4, s3 =  [4, 5, 6]
after change s4, s4 =  [4, 5, 30]

注意:1、非容器类型(比如数字、字符串和其它“原子”类型的对象,像代码、类型和xrange对象等)没有拷贝一说,浅拷贝是用完全切片操作来完成的;2、如果元组变量只包含原子类型对象,对它的深拷贝将不会进行。

posted @ 2020-03-14 21:23  zhengcixi  阅读(275)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
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