[CQOI2007]涂色

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区间dp。

令dp[i][j]表示从[i, j]的最少染色方案数。

很明显,当 i == j 时,dp[i][j] = 1;否则,如果s[i] == s[j],即两个端点颜色相同,那么端点处的颜色只用染一次,也就是说可以从 i 这头染,也可以从 j 这头染,则dp[i][j] = min(dp[i +1][j], dp[i][j - 1]);如果s[i] != s[j],那么我们将[i, j]分两半染色,然后枚举断点k,则dp[i][j] = min(dp[i][j], dp[i][k] + dp[k + 1][j]),这为什么一定对呢,举个例子:比如[i, j]为RGGBE,断点枚举到RG GBE,此时dp[i][k] + dp[k + 1][j]等于5,然而最优应该是4,不过4的情况是在RGG BE时就得到的,所以dp[i][j]一定能从dp[i][k]和dp[k + 1][j]得到。

 1 #include<cstdio>
 2 #include<iostream>
 3 #include<algorithm>
 4 #include<cmath>
 5 #include<cstring>
 6 #include<cstdlib>
 7 #include<vector>
 8 #include<queue>
 9 #include<stack>
10 #include<cctype>
11 using namespace std;
12 #define enter puts("")
13 #define space putchar(' ')
14 #define Mem(a) memset(a, 0, sizeof(a))
15 typedef long long ll;
16 typedef double db;
17 const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
18 const db eps = 1e-8;
19 const int maxn = 55;
20 inline ll read()
21 {
22     ll ans = 0;
23     char ch = getchar(), last = ' ';
24     while(!isdigit(ch)) last = ch, ch = getchar();
25     while(isdigit(ch)) ans = (ans << 3) + (ans << 1) + ch - '0', ch = getchar();
26     if(last == '-') ans = -ans;
27     return ans;
28 }
29 inline void write(ll x)
30 { 
31     if(x < 0) putchar('-'), x = -x;
32     if(x >= 10) write(x / 10);
33     putchar(x % 10 + '0');
34 }
35 
36 char s[maxn];
37 int dp[maxn][maxn];
38 
39 int main()
40 {
41     scanf("%s", s + 1);
42     int n = strlen(s + 1);
43     for(int L = 1; L <= n; ++L)
44         for(int i = 1; i + L - 1 <= n; ++i)
45             for(int j = i; j - i + 1 <= L; ++j)
46             {
47                 dp[i][j] = INF;        //别忘了 
48                 if(i == j) dp[i][j] = 1;
49                 else if(s[i] == s[j]) dp[i][j] = min(dp[i + 1][j], dp[i][j - 1]);
50                 else for(int k = i; k <= j; ++k)
51                     dp[i][j] = min(dp[i][j], dp[i][k] + dp[k + 1][j]);
52             }
53     write(dp[1][n]); enter;
54     return 0;
55 }
View Code

 

posted @ 2018-08-26 12:37  mrclr  阅读(166)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报