序列化效率比拼——谁是最后的赢家avaScriptSerializer方式、DataContract方式、Newtonsoft.Json

前言：作为开发人员，对象的序列化恐怕难以避免。楼主也是很早以前就接触过序列化，可是理解都不太深刻，对于用哪种方式去做序列化更是随波逐流——项目中原来用的什么方式照着用就好了。可是这么多年自己对于这东西还是挺模糊的，今天正好有时间，就将原来用过的几种方式总结了下，也算是做一个记录，顺便做了下性能测试。楼主算了下，从使用序列化到现在，用到的无非下面几种方式：(1)JavaScriptSerializer方式;(2)DataContract方式;(3)Newtonsoft.Json.

1、准备工作：要对这三种方式分别作测试，必须要将相应的内库引用进来。

（1）JavaScriptSerializer这个类是.Net内置的，属于System.Web.Script.Serialization这个命名空间下面。需要引用System.Web.Extensions这个dll。

（2）DataContract方式也是.net内置的，主要使用的DataContractJsonSerializer这个类，属于System.Runtime.Serialization.Json这个命名空间。需要引用System.Runtime.Serialization这个dll。

（3）Newtonsoft.Json是第三方的dll，但是Visual Studio 对它做了很好的支持。使用方式有两种：一种是去网上下载最新的dll，然后添加引用即可；第二种是直接使用NuGet安装这个包。方式如下：

按照步骤安装即可。

2、类库准备完毕，还需要提供几个通用的方法。自己分别封装了JavaScriptSerializer和DataContract方式两个方法，代码如下：

    #region DataContract序列化
    public static class DataContractExtensions
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 将对象转化为Json字符串
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">对象类型</typeparam>
        /// <param name="instanse">对象本身</param>
        /// <returns>JSON字符串</returns>
        public static string ToJsonString<T>(this T instanse)
        {
            try
            {
                DataContractJsonSerializer js = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T));
                using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
                {
                    js.WriteObject(ms, instanse);
                    ms.Flush();
                    ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
                    StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(ms);
                    return sr.ReadToEnd();
                }
            }
            catch
            {
                return String.Empty;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 将字符串转化为JSON对象，如果转换失败，返回default(T)
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">对象类型</typeparam>
        /// <param name="s">字符串</param>
        /// <returns>转换值</returns>
        public static T ToJsonObject<T>(this string s)
        {
            try
            {
                DataContractJsonSerializer js = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T));
                using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
                {
                    StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(ms);
                    sw.Write(s);
                    sw.Flush();
                    ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
                    return (T)js.ReadObject(ms);
                }
            }
            catch
            {
                return default(T);
            }
        }
    } 
    #endregion

    #region JavaScriptSerializer方式序列化
    public static class JavascriptExtentions
    {
        public static string ToScriptJsonString<T>(this T instanse)
        {
            try
            {
                JavaScriptSerializer js = new JavaScriptSerializer();
                return js.Serialize(instanse);
            }
            catch
            {
                return String.Empty;
            }
        }

        public static T ToScriptJsonObject<T>(this string s)
        {
            try
            {
                JavaScriptSerializer js = new JavaScriptSerializer();
                return js.Deserialize<T>(s);
            }
            catch
            {
                return default(T);
            }
        }
    } 
    #endregion

至于Newtonsoft.Json，自己有对应的方法，自己也封装了几个方法：

public class Newtonsoft_Common
    {
        #region 序列化
        // 将对象(包含集合对象)序列化为Json
        public static string SerializeObjToJson(object obj)
        {
            string strRes = string.Empty;
            try
            {
                strRes = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(obj);
            }
            catch 
            { }

            return strRes;
        }

        //将xml转换为json
        public static string SerializeXmlToJson(System.Xml.XmlNode node)
        {
            string strRes = string.Empty;
            try
            {
                strRes = JsonConvert.SerializeXmlNode(node);
            }
            catch
            { }

            return strRes;
        }

        //支持Linq格式的xml转换
        public static string SerializeXmlToJson(System.Xml.Linq.XNode node)
        {
            string strRes = string.Empty;
            try
            {
                strRes = JsonConvert.SerializeXNode(node);
            }
            catch
            { }

            return strRes;
        }
        #endregion

        #region 反序列化
        //将json反序列化为实体对象(包含DataTable和List<>集合对象)
        public static T DeserializeJsonToObj<T>(string strJson)
        {
            T oRes = default(T);
            try
            {
                oRes = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(strJson);
            }
            catch 
            { }

            return oRes;
        }

        //将Json数组转换为实体集合
        public static List<T> JsonLstToObjs<T>(List<string> lstJson)
        {
            List<T> lstRes = new List<T>();
            try
            {
                foreach (var strObj in lstJson)
                {
                    //将json反序列化为对象
                    var oRes = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(strObj);
                    lstRes.Add(oRes);
                }
            }
            catch 
            { }

            return lstRes;
        }
        #endregion
    }

还有就是提供测试数据的两个方法：

public static List<Person> GetPersons()
        {
            var lstRes = new List<Person>();
            for (var i = 0; i < 50000; i++)
            {
                var oPerson = new Person();

                oPerson.Name = "李雷" + i;
                oPerson.Age = 20;
                oPerson.IsChild = i % 5 == 0 ? true : false;
                oPerson.Test1 = "aaaaaa";
                oPerson.Test2 = i.ToString() ;
                oPerson.Test3 = i.ToString();
                oPerson.Test4 = i.ToString();
                oPerson.Test5 = i.ToString();
                oPerson.Test6 = i.ToString();
                oPerson.Test7 = i.ToString();
                oPerson.Test8 = i.ToString();
                oPerson.Test9 = i.ToString();
                oPerson.Test10 = i.ToString();
                lstRes.Add(oPerson);
            }

            return lstRes;
        }

        public static DataTable GetDataTable()
        {
            var dt = new DataTable("dt");
            dt.Columns.Add("Age", Type.GetType("System.Int32"));
            dt.Columns.Add("Name", Type.GetType("System.String"));
            dt.Columns.Add("Sex", Type.GetType("System.String"));
            dt.Columns.Add("IsChild", Type.GetType("System.Boolean"));
            for (var i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
            {
                DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
                dr["Age"] = i + 1;
                dr["Name"] = "Name" + i;
                dr["Sex"] = i % 2 == 0 ? "男" : "女";
                dr["IsChild"] = i % 5 > 0 ? true : false;
                dt.Rows.Add(dr);
            }

            return dt;
        }

3、测试开始之前，先介绍下，本篇测试分别通过强类型对象和若类型的DataTable分别去做序列化和反序列化的测试。测试代码：

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            #region 强类型对象
            var lstRes = GetPersons();
            #region JavaScriptSerializer序列化方式
            var lstScriptSerializeObj = new List<string>();
            Stopwatch sp_script = new Stopwatch();
            sp_script.Start();
            foreach (var oPerson in lstRes)
            {
                lstScriptSerializeObj.Add(oPerson.ToScriptJsonString<Person>());
            }
            sp_script.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("JavaScriptSerializer序列化方式序列化" + lstScriptSerializeObj.Count + "个对象耗时：" + sp_script.ElapsedMilliseconds + "毫秒");

            lstRes.Clear();
            Stopwatch sp_script1 = new Stopwatch();
            sp_script1.Start();
            foreach (var oFrameSerializeObj in lstScriptSerializeObj)
            {
                lstRes.Add(oFrameSerializeObj.ToScriptJsonObject<Person>());
            }
            sp_script1.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("JavaScriptSerializer序列化方式反序列化" + lstScriptSerializeObj.Count + "个对象耗时：" + sp_script1.ElapsedMilliseconds + "毫秒");
            #endregion

            #region DataContract序列化方式
            var lstFrameSerializeObj = new List<string>();
            Stopwatch sp = new Stopwatch();
            sp.Start();
            foreach (var oPerson in lstRes)
            {
                lstFrameSerializeObj.Add(oPerson.ToJsonString<Person>());
            }
            sp.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("DataContract序列化方式序列化" + lstFrameSerializeObj.Count + "个对象耗时：" + sp.ElapsedMilliseconds + "毫秒");

            lstRes.Clear();
            Stopwatch sp1 = new Stopwatch();
            sp1.Start();
            foreach (var oFrameSerializeObj in lstFrameSerializeObj)
            {
                lstRes.Add(oFrameSerializeObj.ToJsonObject<Person>());
            }
            sp1.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("DataContract序列化方式反序列化" + lstFrameSerializeObj.Count + "个对象耗时：" + sp1.ElapsedMilliseconds + "毫秒"); 
            #endregion

            #region Newtonsoft
            var lstNewtonsoftSerialize = new List<string>();
            Stopwatch sp2 = new Stopwatch();
            sp2.Start();
            foreach (var oPerson in lstRes)
            {
                lstNewtonsoftSerialize.Add(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(oPerson));
            }
            sp2.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Newtonsoft.Json方式序列化" + lstNewtonsoftSerialize.Count + "个对象耗时：" + sp2.ElapsedMilliseconds + "毫秒");

            lstRes.Clear();
            Stopwatch sp3 = new Stopwatch();
            sp3.Start();
            foreach (var oNewtonsoft in lstNewtonsoftSerialize)
            {
                lstRes.Add(JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Person>(oNewtonsoft));
            }
            sp3.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Newtonsoft.Json方式反序列化" + lstNewtonsoftSerialize.Count + "个对象耗时：" + sp3.ElapsedMilliseconds + "毫秒"); 
            #endregion
            #endregion

            #region 弱类型DataTable
            /*var dt = GetDataTable();
            #region JavaScriptSerializer序列化方式
            var lstScriptSerializeObj = new List<string>();
            Stopwatch sp_script = new Stopwatch();
            sp_script.Start();
            var strRes = dt.ToScriptJsonString<DataTable>();
            sp_script.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("JavaScriptSerializer序列化方式序列化" + lstScriptSerializeObj.Count + "个对象耗时：" + sp_script.ElapsedMilliseconds + "毫秒");

            dt.Clear();
            Stopwatch sp_script1 = new Stopwatch();
            sp_script1.Start();
            dt = strRes.ToScriptJsonObject<DataTable>();
            sp_script1.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("JavaScriptSerializer序列化方式反序列化" + lstScriptSerializeObj.Count + "个对象耗时：" + sp_script1.ElapsedMilliseconds + "毫秒");
            #endregion

            #region DataContract序列化方式
            var lstFrameSerializeObj = new List<string>();
            Stopwatch sp = new Stopwatch();
            sp.Start();
            strRes = dt.ToJsonString<DataTable>();
            sp.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("DataContract序列化方式序列化" + lstFrameSerializeObj.Count + "个对象耗时：" + sp.ElapsedMilliseconds + "毫秒");

            dt.Clear();
            Stopwatch sp1 = new Stopwatch();
            sp1.Start();
            dt = strRes.ToJsonObject<DataTable>();
            sp1.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("DataContract序列化方式反序列化" + lstFrameSerializeObj.Count + "个对象耗时：" + sp1.ElapsedMilliseconds + "毫秒");
            #endregion

            #region Newtonsoft
            var lstNewtonsoftSerialize = new List<string>();
            Stopwatch sp2 = new Stopwatch();
            sp2.Start();
            strRes = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dt);
            sp2.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Newtonsoft.Json方式序列化" + lstNewtonsoftSerialize.Count + "个对象耗时：" + sp2.ElapsedMilliseconds + "毫秒");

            dt.Clear();
            Stopwatch sp3 = new Stopwatch();
            sp3.Start();
            dt = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<DataTable>(strRes);
            sp3.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Newtonsoft.Json方式反序列化" + lstNewtonsoftSerialize.Count + "个对象耗时：" + sp3.ElapsedMilliseconds + "毫秒");
            #endregion*/
            #endregion

            Console.ReadLine();
        }