第一步：准备账号
[root@centos7 ~]#getent passwd mysql //查看有没有mysql账号（没有的话需要创建）
[root@centos7 ~]#useradd -r mysql -s /sbin/nologin //创建系统账号 shell类型为nologin
[root@centos7 ~]#getent passwd mysql
mysql:x:988:983::/home/mysql:/sbin/nologin
[root@centos7 ~]#id mysql
uid=988(mysql) gid=983(mysql) groups=983(mysql)
第二步：解压缩包
1.解压缩包
[root@centos7 ~]#tar xf mariadb-10.2.12-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ //解压路径必须的/usr/local/
[root@centos7 ~]#cd /usr/local/;ls
bin games lib libexec sbin src etc include lib64 mariadb-10.2.12-linux-x86_64 share
2.创建软连接
[root@centos7 local]#ln -s mariadb-10.2.12-linux-x86_64/ mysql //建议给mariadb-10.2.12-linux-x86_64/ 加上软连接必须是mysql或者此文件改名为mysql
3.修改权限问题
[root@centos7 local]#cd mysql/
[root@centos7 mysql]#ll
drwxrwxr-x 2 1021 zhang1 4096 Nov 14 22:34 bin
-rw-r--r-- 1 1021 zhang1 17987 Jan 3 21:48 COPYING
·················
解决如下
[root@centos7 local]#chown -R mysql.mysql mysql/
[root@centos7 local]#ll mysql/
drwxrwxr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Nov 14 22:34 bin
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 17987 Jan 3 21:48 COPYING
·················
4.添加PATH
[root@centos7 bin]#echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@centos7 bin]#cat /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@centos7 bin]#. /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
第三步：数据库目录存放路径
考虑数据一直在增加建议放到逻辑卷中；下面开始创建逻辑卷
创建逻辑卷不懂得可以看前面文章查看怎么创建逻辑卷
[root@centos7 /]#blkid
/dev/sda6: UUID="eeDr4z-UEpo-t6K6-BzAB-IwfG-1rhK-iTHhbx" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/mapper/vg0-lv_mysqldata: UUID="f1fab2a8-24f6-4752-b0ae-62b35f205f27" TYPE="xfs"
[root@centos7 /]#lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
······
└─sda6 8:6 0 50G 0 part
└─vg0-lv_mysqldata 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm
以上是创建的逻辑卷
mkdir /deta/mysqldb -pv 创建data存放的目录
修改权限
[root@centos7 bin]#ll -d /data/mysqldb/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Jan 23 15:47 /data/mysqldb/
[root@centos7 bin]#chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysqldb/
[root@centos7 bin]#ll -d /data/mysqldb/
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 6 Jan 23 15:47 /data/mysqldb/
[root@centos7 bin]#chmod 700 /data/mysqldb/
[root@centos7 bin]#ll -d /data/mysqldb/
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 6 Jan 23 15:47 /data/mysqldb/
第四步：执行脚本
[root@centos7 ~]#cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts/
[root@centos7 scripts]#./mysql_install_db --help 查看帮助
[root@centos7 mysql]#scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysqldb --user=mysql 执行此脚本 必须是在mysql目录下
[root@centos7 support-files]#cp my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@centos7 support-files]#vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
port = 3306
datadir=/data/mysqldb 这里添加数据路径 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock ·······
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld //配置文件
[root@centos7 support-files]#chkconfig --add mysqld //添加到启动脚本
[root@centos7 support-files]#chkconfig --list //查看是否添加
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
第五步： 启动
[root@centos7 support-files]#systemctl start mysqld //启动
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@centos7 support-files]#systemctl status mysqld
·····
Active: active (running) since Tue 2018-01-23 16:38:23 CST; 4s
·····
[root@centos7 support-files]#ss -ntl //查看端口3306 启动成功
LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::*
服务启动会生成/tmp/mysql.sock 文件；服务停止删除此文件
第六步：安全初始化
数据库默认安装后
MariaDB [mysql]> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------+-------------------+
| user | host |
+------+-------------------+
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | ::1 |
| | centos7.qifei.com |
| root | centos7.qifei.com |
| | localhost |
| root | localhost |
+------+-------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [mysql]> select user,host password from mysql.user;
+------+-------------------+
| user | password |
+------+-------------------+
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | ::1 |
| | centos7.qifei.com |
| root | centos7.qifei.com |
| | localhost |
| root | localhost |
+------+-------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
跑脚本
[root@centos7 ~]#mysql_secure_installation (安全初始化)
请输入root口令，你没有直接回车
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
是否设置root口令
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
是否删除匿名账户
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
是否禁用root用户远程连接
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
是否删除test测试文件
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
是否生效保存
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
注意事项
[fei@centos7 ~]$mysql -uroot -p 普通用户用root登录
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> system cat /etc/passwd //能打开所有文件 并且能修改root密码
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
···········
所以 mysql的root口令千万别泄露
