Vue的指令，在项目中封装了哪些常用指令？

在 vue 中我们可以使用 Vue.directive()方法注册全局指令。也可以只用 directives 选项注册局部指令。

• 输入框防抖指令 v-debounce

const debounce = { 
  inserted: function (el, binding) { 
    let timer; 
    el.addEventListener("keyup", () => { 
      if (timer) { 
        clearTimeout(timer); 
      } 
      timer = setTimeout(() => { 
        binding.value(); 
      }, 1000); 
    }); 
  }, 
}; 
 
export default debounce; 

• 复制粘贴指令 v-copy

const copy = { 
  bind(el, { value }) { 
    el.$value = value; 
    el.handler = () => { 
      if (!el.$value) { 
        // 值为空的时候，给出提示。可根据项目UI仔细设计 
        console.log("无复制内容"); 
        return; 
      } 
      // 动态创建 textarea 标签 
      const textarea = document.createElement("textarea"); 
      // 将该 textarea 设为 readonly 防止 iOS 下自动唤起键盘，同时将 textarea 移出可视区域 
      textarea.readOnly = "readonly"; 
      textarea.style.position = "absolute"; 
      textarea.style.left = "-9999px"; 
      // 将要 copy 的值赋给 textarea 标签的 value 属性 
      textarea.value = el.$value; 
      // 将 textarea 插入到 body 中 
      document.body.appendChild(textarea); 
      // 选中值并复制 
      textarea.select(); 
      const result = document.execCommand("Copy"); 
      if (result) { 
        console.log("复制成功"); // 可根据项目UI仔细设计 
      } 
      document.body.removeChild(textarea); 
    }; 
    // 绑定点击事件，就是所谓的一键 copy 啦 
    el.addEventListener("click", el.handler); 
  }, 
  // 当传进来的值更新的时候触发 
  componentUpdated(el, { value }) { 
    el.$value = value; 
  }, 
  // 指令与元素解绑的时候，移除事件绑定 
  unbind(el) { 
    el.removeEventListener("click", el.handler); 
  }, 
}; 
 
export default copy; 

• 长按指令 v-longpress

const longpress = { 
  bind: function (el, binding, vNode) { 
    if (typeof binding.value !== "function") { 
      throw "callback must be a function"; 
    } 
    // 定义变量 
    let pressTimer = null; 
    // 创建计时器（ 2秒后执行函数 ） 
    let start = (e) => { 
      if (e.type === "click" && e.button !== 0) { 
        return; 
      } 
      if (pressTimer === null) { 
        pressTimer = setTimeout(() => { 
          handler(); 
        }, 2000); 
      } 
    }; 
    // 取消计时器 
    let cancel = (e) => { 
      if (pressTimer !== null) { 
        clearTimeout(pressTimer); 
        pressTimer = null; 
      } 
    }; 
    // 运行函数 
    const handler = (e) => { 
      binding.value(e); 
    }; 
    // 添加事件监听器 
    el.addEventListener("mousedown", start); 
    el.addEventListener("touchstart", start); 
    // 取消计时器 
    el.addEventListener("click", cancel); 
    el.addEventListener("mouseout", cancel); 
    el.addEventListener("touchend", cancel); 
    el.addEventListener("touchcancel", cancel); 
  }, 
  // 当传进来的值更新的时候触发 
  componentUpdated(el, { value }) { 
    el.$value = value; 
  }, 
  // 指令与元素解绑的时候，移除事件绑定 
  unbind(el) { 
    el.removeEventListener("click", el.handler); 
  }, 
}; 
 
export default longpress; 

• 禁止表情及特殊字符 v-emoji

let findEle = (parent, type) => { 
  return parent.tagName.toLowerCase() === type 
    ? parent 
    : parent.querySelector(type); 
}; 
 
const trigger = (el, type) => { 
  const e = document.createEvent("HTMLEvents"); 
  e.initEvent(type, true, true); 
  el.dispatchEvent(e); 
}; 
 
const emoji = { 
  bind: function (el, binding, vnode) { 
    // 正则规则可根据需求自定义 
    var regRule = /[^u4E00-u9FA5|d|a-zA-Z|rns,.?!，。？！…—&$=()-+/*{}[]]|s/g; 
    let $inp = findEle(el, "input"); 
    el.$inp = $inp; 
    $inp.handle = function () { 
      let val = $inp.value; 
      $inp.value = val.replace(regRule, ""); 
 
      trigger($inp, "input"); 
    }; 
    $inp.addEventListener("keyup", $inp.handle); 
  }, 
  unbind: function (el) { 
    el.$inp.removeEventListener("keyup", el.$inp.handle); 
  }, 
}; 
 
export default emoji; 
 

• 图片懒加载 v-LazyLoad

const LazyLoad = { 
  // install方法 
  install(Vue, options) { 
    const defaultSrc = options.default; 
    Vue.directive("lazy", { 
      bind(el, binding) { 
        LazyLoad.init(el, binding.value, defaultSrc); 
      }, 
      inserted(el) { 
        if (IntersectionObserver) { 
          LazyLoad.observe(el); 
        } else { 
          LazyLoad.listenerScroll(el); 
        } 
      }, 
    }); 
  }, 
  // 初始化 
  init(el, val, def) { 
    el.setAttribute("data-src", val); 
    el.setAttribute("src", def); 
  }, 
  // 利用IntersectionObserver监听el 
  observe(el) { 
    var io = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => { 
      const realSrc = el.dataset.src; 
      if (entries[0].isIntersecting) { 
        if (realSrc) { 
          el.src = realSrc; 
          el.removeAttribute("data-src"); 
        } 
      } 
    }); 
    io.observe(el); 
  }, 
  // 监听scroll事件 
  listenerScroll(el) { 
    const handler = LazyLoad.throttle(LazyLoad.load, 300); 
    LazyLoad.load(el); 
    window.addEventListener("scroll", () => { 
      handler(el); 
    }); 
  }, 
  // 加载真实图片 
  load(el) { 
    const windowHeight = document.documentElement.clientHeight; 
    const elTop = el.getBoundingClientRect().top; 
    const elBtm = el.getBoundingClientRect().bottom; 
    const realSrc = el.dataset.src; 
    if (elTop - windowHeight < 0 && elBtm > 0) { 
      if (realSrc) { 
        el.src = realSrc; 
        el.removeAttribute("data-src"); 
      } 
    } 
  }, 
  // 节流 
  throttle(fn, delay) { 
    let timer; 
    let prevTime; 
    return function (...args) { 
      const currTime = Date.now(); 
      const context = this; 
      if (!prevTime) prevTime = currTime; 
      clearTimeout(timer); 
 
      if (currTime - prevTime > delay) { 
        prevTime = currTime; 
        fn.apply(context, args); 
        clearTimeout(timer); 
        return; 
      } 
 
      timer = setTimeout(function () { 
        prevTime = Date.now(); 
        timer = null; 
        fn.apply(context, args); 
      }, delay); 
    }; 
  }, 
}; 
 
export default LazyLoad; 

• 权限校验指令 v-premission

function checkArray(key) { 
  let arr = ["1", "2", "3", "4"]; 
  let index = arr.indexOf(key); 
  if (index > -1) { 
    return true; // 有权限 
  } else { 
    return false; // 无权限 
  } 
} 
 
const permission = { 
  inserted: function (el, binding) { 
    let permission = binding.value; // 获取到 v-permission的值 
    if (permission) { 
      let hasPermission = checkArray(permission); 
      if (!hasPermission) { 
        // 没有权限 移除Dom元素 
        el.parentNode && el.parentNode.removeChild(el); 
      } 
    } 
  }, 
}; 
 
export default permission; 

• 实现页面水印 v-waterMarker

function addWaterMarker(str, parentNode, font, textColor) { 
  // 水印文字，父元素，字体，文字颜色 
  var can = document.createElement("canvas"); 
  parentNode.appendChild(can); 
  can.width = 200; 
  can.height = 150; 
  can.style.display = "none"; 
  var cans = can.getContext("2d"); 
  cans.rotate((-20 * Math.PI) / 180); 
  cans.font = font || "16px Microsoft JhengHei"; 
  cans.fillStyle = textColor || "rgba(180, 180, 180, 0.3)"; 
  cans.textAlign = "left"; 
  cans.textBaseline = "Middle"; 
  cans.fillText(str, can.width / 10, can.height / 2); 
  parentNode.style.backgroundImage = "url(" + can.toDataURL("image/png") + ")"; 
} 
 
const waterMarker = { 
  bind: function (el, binding) { 
    addWaterMarker( 
      binding.value.text, 
      el, 
      binding.value.font, 
      binding.value.textColor 
    ); 
  }, 
}; 
 
export default waterMarker; 
 

• 拖拽指令 v-draggable

const draggable = { 
  inserted: function (el) { 
    el.style.cursor = "move"; 
    el.onmousedown = function (e) { 
      let disx = e.pageX - el.offsetLeft; 
      let disy = e.pageY - el.offsetTop; 
      document.onmousemove = function (e) { 
        let x = e.pageX - disx; 
        let y = e.pageY - disy; 
        let maxX = 
          document.body.clientWidth - 
          parseInt(window.getComputedStyle(el).width); 
        let maxY = 
          document.body.clientHeight - 
          parseInt(window.getComputedStyle(el).height); 
        if (x < 0) { 
          x = 0; 
        } else if (x > maxX) { 
          x = maxX; 
        } 
 
        if (y < 0) { 
          y = 0; 
        } else if (y > maxY) { 
          y = maxY; 
        } 
 
        el.style.left = x + "px"; 
        el.style.top = y + "px"; 
      }; 
      document.onmouseup = function () { 
        document.onmousemove = document.onmouseup = null; 
      }; 
    }; 
  }, 
}; 
export default draggable;