java IO笔记(CharArrayReader/CharArrayWriter)

本篇要讲述的是CharArrayReader和CharArrayWriter两个类。它们两个同之前的ByteArrayInputStream和ByteArrayOutputStream和相似,两者的主要区别是前者是基于字符数组来工作的,后者是基于字节数组来创建的。

下面先说说CharArrayReader,先附上源码:

 

package java.io;

public class CharArrayReader extends Reader {
    //用于存储从流中读取的数据
    protected char buf[];
    //下一个读取的字符位置
    protected int pos;
    //被标记的字符位置,reset时pos回到此处
    protected int markedPos = 0;
    //字符数组的长度
    protected int count;


    //初始化传入一个字符数组
    public CharArrayReader(char buf[]) {
        this.buf = buf;
        this.pos = 0;
        this.count = buf.length;
    }

    //初始化传入一个字符数组,offset为开始读取的索引,length是读取的长度
    public CharArrayReader(char buf[], int offset, int length) {
        if ((offset < 0) || (offset > buf.length) || (length < 0) ||
            ((offset + length) < 0)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }
        this.buf = buf;
        this.pos = offset;
        this.count = Math.min(offset + length, buf.length);
        this.markedPos = offset;
    }

    //判断流是否处于打开状态,因为当执行close后,buf会被置为null
    private void ensureOpen() throws IOException {
        if (buf == null)
            throw new IOException("Stream closed");
    }

    //按每个字符读取,读取时首先判断流是否处于打开状态,如果下一个读取的索引位置超出数据长度,则返回-1,否则回对应的字符。
    public int read() throws IOException {
        synchronized (lock) {
            ensureOpen();
            if (pos >= count)
                return -1;
            else
                return buf[pos++];
        }
    }
    
    //该方法是按照所传入的数组来进行读取,off为开始读取的位置,len为读取的长度
    public int read(char b[], int off, int len) throws IOException {
        synchronized (lock) {
            ensureOpen();
            if ((off < 0) || (off > b.length) || (len < 0) ||
                ((off + len) > b.length) || ((off + len) < 0)) {
                throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
            } else if (len == 0) {
                return 0;
            }

            if (pos >= count) {
                return -1;
            }
            if (pos + len > count) {
                len = count - pos;
            }
            if (len <= 0) {
                return 0;
            }
            System.arraycopy(buf, pos, b, off, len);
            pos += len;
            return len;
        }
    }

    //跳过n字符再进行读取
    public long skip(long n) throws IOException {
        synchronized (lock) {
            ensureOpen();
            if (pos + n > count) {
                n = count - pos;
            }
            if (n < 0) {
                return 0;
            }
            pos += n;
            return n;
        }
    }

    //该方法用于判断是否还有刻度数据
    public boolean ready() throws IOException {
        synchronized (lock) {
            ensureOpen();
            return (count - pos) > 0;
        }
    }

    //判断是否支持标记功能,一直返回true
    public boolean markSupported() {
        return true;
    }

    //标记功能,将当前pos值做为标记值,传入的参数无意义
    public void mark(int readAheadLimit) throws IOException {
        synchronized (lock) {
            ensureOpen();
            markedPos = pos;
        }
    }
    
    //重置当前pos值,使其返回标记的位置,mark值如果没有重置过,默认为0
    public void reset() throws IOException {
        synchronized (lock) {
            ensureOpen();
            pos = markedPos;
        }
    }

    //流关闭时,将数据缓存置为null
    public void close() {
        buf = null;
    }
}

从上可以看出,CharArrayReader在关闭流后,无法执行其中方法,并且其中的缓存数据将会被清空,这点和ByteArrayInputStream有着明显的区别。

 

下面讲讲CharArrayWriter,先贴上源码:

 

package java.io;

import java.util.Arrays;

public
class CharArrayWriter extends Writer {
    //用于存放写入数据的临时缓存
    protected char buf[];
    //数据长度
    protected int count;
    
    //不带参的构造函数,默认缓存空间为32字节大小
    public CharArrayWriter() {
        this(32);
    }

    //带一个参数的构造函数,传入参数为缓存的空间大小
    public CharArrayWriter(int initialSize) {
        if (initialSize < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative initial size: "
                                               + initialSize);
        }
        buf = new char[initialSize];
    }

    //带一个参数的wirte方法,传入参数为要写入的字符,如果缓存空间不足时,缓存区会自动扩容,空间翻倍。
    public void write(int c) {
        synchronized (lock) {
            int newcount = count + 1;
            if (newcount > buf.length) {
                buf = Arrays.copyOf(buf, Math.max(buf.length << 1, newcount));
            }
            buf[count] = (char)c;
            count = newcount;
        }
    }

    //第一个参数是要写入的字符数组,第二个参数为开始写入的位置,第三个参数是写入的长度
    public void write(char c[], int off, int len) {
        if ((off < 0) || (off > c.length) || (len < 0) ||
            ((off + len) > c.length) || ((off + len) < 0)) {
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
        } else if (len == 0) {
            return;
        }
        synchronized (lock) {
            int newcount = count + len;
            if (newcount > buf.length) {
                buf = Arrays.copyOf(buf, Math.max(buf.length << 1, newcount));
            }
            System.arraycopy(c, off, buf, count, len);
            count = newcount;
        }
    }

    //第一个参数是要写入的字符串,第二个参数为开始写入的位置,第三个参数是写入的长度
    public void write(String str, int off, int len) {
        synchronized (lock) {
            int newcount = count + len;
            if (newcount > buf.length) {
                buf = Arrays.copyOf(buf, Math.max(buf.length << 1, newcount));
            }
            str.getChars(off, off + len, buf, count);
            count = newcount;
        }
    }

    //该方法是将缓存中的数据写人另一个流中
    public void writeTo(Writer out) throws IOException {
        synchronized (lock) {
            out.write(buf, 0, count);
        }
    }

    //该方法可以向流中写入传入的字符序列
    public CharArrayWriter append(CharSequence csq) {
        String s = (csq == null ? "null" : csq.toString());
        write(s, 0, s.length());
        return this;
    }

    //该方法可以向流中写入字符序列,第二和第三个参数决定了写入的起点和终点
    public CharArrayWriter append(CharSequence csq, int start, int end) {
        String s = (csq == null ? "null" : csq).subSequence(start, end).toString();
        write(s, 0, s.length());
        return this;
    }

    //该方法可以向流中写入传入的字符,与write的区别是该方法返回了流对象
    public CharArrayWriter append(char c) {
        write(c);
        return this;
    }

    //重置读取位置,将count置为0
    public void reset() {
        count = 0;
    }

    //将流中缓存区的数据以char数组的形式返回
    public char toCharArray()[] {
        synchronized (lock) {
            return Arrays.copyOf(buf, count);
        }
    }

    //返回数据的大小
    public int size() {
        return count;
    }

    //将流中数据已字符串的形式返回
    public String toString() {
        synchronized (lock) {
            return new String(buf, 0, count);
        }
    }

    //刷新流
    public void flush() { }

    //关闭流
    public void close() { }

}

以上为本篇的内容。

 

posted @ 2017-08-14 16:57  moonfish  阅读(181)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报