CentOS 网络配置
CentOS 网络配置
-
查看网卡信息
[root@localhost ~]# ip a s 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:f9:6c:67 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.159.129/24 brd 192.168.159.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic ens33 valid_lft 1225sec preferred_lft 1225sec inet6 fe80::2227:1ed6:6865:8578/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever -
查看网卡流量
[root@localhost ~]# ip -s link show ens33 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:f9:6c:67 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 541259676 441861 0 0 0 0 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns 8109079 133817 0 0 0 0
系统开机到现在总共收发字、数据包数量
-
netstat命令
# 打印网络连接、路由表、网络接口统计 # -s 显示各种协议数据统计信息 # -n 使用数字形式的IP、端口号、用户ID替代主机、协议、用户等名称信息。 # -p 显示进程名称及对应进程ID号 # -l 仅显示正在监听的sockets接口信息 # -u 查看upd连接信息 # -t 查看tcp连接信息 [root@localhost ~]# netstat -nutlp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1272/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1271/cupsd tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1272/sshd tcp6 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 1271/cupsd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:904 0.0.0.0:* 735/rpcbind udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:50225 0.0.0.0:* 777/avahi-daemon: r udp6 0 0 :::904 :::* 735/rpcbind udp6 0 0 :::111 :::* 735/rpcbind [root@localhost ~]# netstat -s Ip: 147945 total packets received 0 forwarded 0 incoming packets discarded 147577 incoming packets delivered 134128 requests sent out 44 outgoing packets dropped 346 dropped because of missing route ... 省略 ...- 命令行设置网络参数
网络接口参数---ifconfig
# 显示全量网卡信息 [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.159.129 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.159.255 inet6 fe80::2227:1ed6:6865:8578 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> # 显示指定网卡信息 [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33 ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.159.129 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.159.255 inet6 fe80::2227:1ed6:6865:8578 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> # 关闭网卡 [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33 down # 关闭后查看网卡信息 [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) # 开启网卡 [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33 up # 开启后查看网卡信息 [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.159.129 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.159.255 inet6 fe80::2227:1ed6:6865:8578 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>主机名参数hostnamectl
# 显示系统主机名称
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl
Static hostname: localhost.localdomain
Icon name: computer-vm
Chassis: vm
Machine ID: f17c01b36a694a24ac23d87c18bcd8be
Boot ID: cebdc9dbb5804db187c08c5dcbfcabf3
Virtualization: vmware
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7
Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64
Architecture: x86-64
# 设置主机名称
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname moke
# 查看主机名称
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl
Static hostname: moke
Icon name: computer-vm
Chassis: vm
Machine ID: f17c01b36a694a24ac23d87c18bcd8be
Boot ID: cebdc9dbb5804db187c08c5dcbfcabf3
Virtualization: vmware
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7
Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64
Architecture: x86-64
路由参数---route
# 显示当前路由表
[root@localhost ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.159.2 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens33
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
192.168.159.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens33
# 添加默认路由网关
[root@localhost ~]# route add default gw 192.168.159.2
# 添加指定网段网关
[root@localhost ~]# route add -net 172.16.0.0/16 gw 192.168.159.2 dev ens33
# 删除默认网关
[root@localhost ~]# route del default gw 192.168.159.2
# 删除指定网段网关
[root@localhost ~]# route del -net 172.16.0.0/16
- 文件修改网络参数
# 网卡配置修改
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
# 重启网络服务使新设置生效
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart network
# 主机名修改
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hostname
# 路由信息设置（默认文件不存在，配置时创建）
[root@localhost network-scripts]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-ens33
# 重启网络服务使新设置生效
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart network
