参考博客：https://www.cnblogs.com/TankXiao/p/3081312.html

http://blog.csdn.net/youfuchen/article/details/19492821

 

以下是学习笔记：

 Get方法， 并且自定义header

# -* - coding: UTF-8 -* -  
import urllib2

request = urllib2.Request("http://www.baidu.com/")
request.add_header('content-TYPE', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded')
response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
print response.getcode()
print response.geturl()
print response.read()

post方法

# -* - coding: UTF-8 -* -  
import urllib2
import urllib

request = urllib2.Request("http://passport.cnblogs.com/login.aspx")
request.add_header('content-TYPE', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded')
data={"tbUserName":"test_username", "tbPassword":"test_password"}

response = urllib2.urlopen(request, urllib.urlencode(data))
print response.getcode()
print response.geturl()
print response.read()

 

HTTPError

默认情况下，只要不是2XX的返回码，都会被当成错误对待。可以通过HTTPError来捕捉错误信息

import urllib2  
  
url = "http://www.jnrain.com/go"  
try:  
    response = urllib2.urlopen(url)  
    print response.info()  
    print response.read()  
except urllib2.HTTPError, e:  
    print e.getcode()  
    print e.reason  
    print e.geturl()  
    print "--"  *100
    print e.info()  
    print e.read()

 

通过捕捉错误可以打印出详细的错误信息：

404  
Not Found  
http://www.jnrain.com/go  
-------------------------  
Server: nginx/1.4.1  
Date: Wed, 19 Feb 2014 08:51:50 GMT  
Content-Type: text/html; charset=gb18030  
Content-Length: 168  
Connection: close  
  
<html>  
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>  
<body bgcolor="white">  
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>  
<hr><center>nginx/1.4.1</center>  
</body>  
</html>