iOS 反射函数: performSelector, NSInvocation, objc_msgSend
当我们有方法名和参数列表,想要动态地给对象发送消息,可用通过反射函数机制来实现,有两种常用的做法:
一、performSelector
1 - (id)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector; 2 - (id)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(id)object; 3 - (id)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(id)object1 withObject:(id)object2;
常用的方法有这三个,其中aSelector可以通过 NSSelectorFromString 方法拿到
SEL aSelector = NSSelectorFromString(selString);
但是 performSelector 的缺点是最多只支持传递两个参数
http://my.oschina.net/ososchina/blog/644117
这篇文章给出的方法二说是可以支持多参数,但是我尝试了下未成功
二、NSInvocation
不多说,直接上栗子
// 测试反射函数 - (void)printWithString:(NSString *)string withNum:(NSNumber *)number withArray:(NSArray *)array { NSLog(@"%@, %@, %@", string, number, array[1]); } - (void)test { NSString *str = @"哈哈哈"; NSNumber *num = @20; NSArray *arr = @[@"ABC", @"DEF"]; // [self printWithString:str withNum:num withArray:arr]; SEL sel = NSSelectorFromString(@"printWithString:withNum:withArray:"); NSArray *objs = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:str, num, arr, nil]; [self performSelector:sel withObjects:objs]; } - (id)performSelector:(SEL)selector withObjects:(NSArray *)objects { // 方法签名(方法的描述) NSMethodSignature *signature = [[self class] instanceMethodSignatureForSelector:selector]; if (signature == nil) { //可以抛出异常也可以不操作。 } // NSInvocation : 利用一个NSInvocation对象包装一次方法调用(方法调用者、方法名、方法参数、方法返回值) NSInvocation *invocation = [NSInvocation invocationWithMethodSignature:signature]; invocation.target = self; invocation.selector = selector; // 设置参数 NSInteger paramsCount = signature.numberOfArguments - 2; // 除self、_cmd以外的参数个数 paramsCount = MIN(paramsCount, objects.count); for (NSInteger i = 0; i < paramsCount; i++) { id object = objects[i]; if ([object isKindOfClass:[NSNull class]]) continue; [invocation setArgument:&object atIndex:i + 2]; } // 调用方法 [invocation invoke]; // 获取返回值 id returnValue = nil; if (signature.methodReturnLength) { // 有返回值类型,才去获得返回值 [invocation getReturnValue:&returnValue]; } return returnValue; }
三、objc_msgSend
objc_msgSend的写法要复杂一点,具体可以参看这篇文章,讲的很清楚
http://www.jianshu.com/p/efeb33712445
但是有个缺点是,需要指定好传递参数的类型,是不是可以直接都用id呢?
经测试id可用
// objc_msgSend SEL sel = NSSelectorFromString(@"printWithString:withNum:withArray:"); ((void (*) (id, SEL, NSString *, NSNumber *, NSArray *)) objc_msgSend) (self, sel, str, num, arr);