django入门项目图书管理

步骤

1.在setting下配置好静态文件路径

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STATICFILES_DIRS=[
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),
]

2.models.py

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from django.db import models
 
# Create your models here.
class Book(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32, unique=True)
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, null=True)  # 999999.99
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField()
    publish = models.ForeignKey(to="Publish", to_field="id", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    authors = models.ManyToManyField(to="Author")
 
    def __str__(self):
        return self.title
 
 
class Publish(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    email = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    addr = models.CharField(max_length=32)
 
 
class Author(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    age = models.IntegerField()
    # ad=models.ForeignKey(to="AuthorDetail",to_field="id",on_delete=models.CASCADE,unique=True)
    ad = models.OneToOneField(to="AuthorDetail", to_field="id", on_delete=models.CASCADE, )
 
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name
 
 
class AuthorDetail(models.Model):
    gf = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    tel = models.CharField(max_length=32)
 
 
class User(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    pwd = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    last_time = models.DateTimeField()

3.终端面板执行数据库生成与迁移命令

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python3 manage.py makemigrations
python3 manage.py migrate

4.urls.py

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from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,re_path
from app01 import views
 
urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('books/', views.books, name='books'),
    path('add_book/', views.add_book, name='add_book'),
    # re_path('edit_book/(?P<id>\d+)/(?P<id2>\w+)', views.edit_book, name='edit_book'),
    re_path('edit_book/(\d+)/', views.edit_book, name='edit_book'),
    re_path('del_book/', views.del_book, name='del_book'),
    re_path('login/', views.login, name='login'),
    re_path('logout/', views.logout, name='logout'),
]

5.views.py

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from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect, reverse
from app01 import models
import json
import datetime
 
# 装饰器，这个装饰器前提需要在inner中引入一个request形参，这里使用了args[0]来获取requset
# 对于这里，其实使用auth模块下的login_required来装饰更加方便
def required_login(func):
    def inner(*args, **kwargs):
        request= args[0]
        # if request.COOKIES.get('is_login'):
        if request.session.get('is_login'):
            return func(*args, **kwargs)
        else:
            if request.is_ajax():
                return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'status':0,'url':reverse('login')}))
            return redirect(reverse('login'))
    return inner
 
 
@required_login
def books(request):
    books = models.Book.objects.all()
    return render(request, 'books.html', {'books': books})
 
@required_login
def add_book(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        title = request.POST.get('name')
        price = request.POST.get('price')
        date = request.POST.get('date')
        publish = request.POST.get('publish')
        # 多个作者，使用getlist
        authors = request.POST.getlist('authors')
        new_book = models.Book.objects.create(title=title, price=price, pub_date=date, publish_id=publish)
        new_book.authors.set(authors)
 
        return redirect(reverse('books'))
    # get请求，在前端添加默认信息
    publishers = models.Publish.objects.all()
    authors = models.Author.objects.all()
    return render(request, 'add_book.html',locals())
    # return render(request, 'add_book.html', {'publishers': publishers, 'authors': authors})
 
@required_login
def edit_book(request, edit_id):
    book_obj = models.Book.objects.get(id=edit_id)
    if request.method == 'POST':
        title = request.POST.get('name')
        price = request.POST.get('price')
        date = request.POST.get('date')
        publish = request.POST.get('publish')
        authors = request.POST.getlist('authors')
        book_obj.title = title
        book_obj.price = price
        book_obj.pub_date = date
        book_obj.publish_id = publish
        book_obj.save()
        book_obj.authors.set(authors)
        # 反向解析，重定向
        return redirect(reverse('books'))
 
    publishers = models.Publish.objects.all()
    authors = models.Author.objects.all()
    return render(request,'edit_book.html',locals())
    # return render(request, 'edit_book.html', {'book_obj': book_obj, 'publishers': publishers, 'authors': authors})
 
@required_login
def del_book(request):
    del_id = request.POST.get('del_id')
    del_list = models.Book.objects.filter(id=del_id)
    print(del_list)
    # del_list.delete()
    return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'status': 1}))
 
 
def login(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        name = request.POST.get('user')
        pwd = request.POST.get('pwd')
        user_list = models.User.objects.filter(name=name, pwd=pwd)
        if user_list:
            user_obj = user_list.first()
            ret = redirect(reverse('books'))
            # ret.set_cookie('is_login', True)
            # ret.set_cookie('user', name)
            # ret.set_cookie('last_time', user_obj.last_time)
            request.session['is_login'] =True
            request.session['user'] =name
            request.session['last_time'] =str(user_obj.last_time)
            user_obj.last_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
            print(user_obj.last_time)
            user_obj.save()
            return ret
    return render(request, 'login.html')
 
 
def logout(request):
    ret = redirect(reverse('login'))
    # ret.delete_cookie('is_login')
    # ret.delete_cookie('user')
    # ret.delete_cookie('last_time')
    request.session.flush()
    return ret

6.模板配置（注意static中文件的导入方式）

静态文件下载路径

login.html

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/login.css">
</head>
<body>
 
<div class="container">
 
    <form class="form-signin" action="{% url 'login' %}" method="post">
        {% csrf_token %}
        <h2 class="form-signin-heading">请登陆</h2>
        <label for="user" class="sr-only">Email address</label>
        <input type="text" id="user" class="form-control" placeholder="用户名" required="" autofocus="" name="user">
        <label for="inputPassword" class="sr-only">密码</label>
        <input type="password" id="inputPassword" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" required="" name="pwd">
        <div class="checkbox">
            <label>
                <input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"> 记住我
            </label>
        </div>
        <button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit">登陆</button>
    </form>
 
</div> <!-- /container -->
 
 
</body>
</html>

books.html

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/books.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/sweetalert/sweetalert.css">
</head>
<body>
 
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
    <div class="container-fluid">
        <div class="navbar-header">
            <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar"
                    aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navbar">
                <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            </button>
            <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Project name</a>
        </div>
        <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
            <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
{#                <li><a href="#">{{ request.COOKIES.user }}</a></li>#}
{#                <li><a href="#">{{ request.COOKIES.last_time }}</a></li>#}
                 <li><a href="#">{{ request.session.user }}</a></li>
              <li><a href="#">{{ request.session.last_time }}</a></li>
                <li><a href="{% url 'logout' %}">注销</a></li>
 
            </ul>
            <form class="navbar-form navbar-right">
                <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search...">
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
</nav>
 
<div class="container-fluid">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-sm-3 col-md-2 sidebar">
            <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
                <li class="active"><a href="#">Overview <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Reports</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Analytics</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Export</a></li>
            </ul>
            <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
                <li><a href="">Nav item</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Nav item again</a></li>
                <li><a href="">One more nav</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Another nav item</a></li>
                <li><a href="">More navigation</a></li>
            </ul>
            <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
                <li><a href="">Nav item again</a></li>
                <li><a href="">One more nav</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Another nav item</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
        <div class="col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-3 col-md-10 col-md-offset-2 main">
            <a href="{% url 'add_book' %}" class="btn btn-primary">添加</a>
            <table class="table table-hover">
                <thead>
                <tr>
                    <th>序号</th>
                    <th>书名</th>
                    <th>价格</th>
                    <th>出版日期</th>
                    <th>出版社</th>
                    <th>作者</th>
                    <th>操作</th>
                </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                {% for book in books %}
                    <tr>
                        <th scope="row">{{ forloop.counter }}</th>
                        <td>{{ book.title }}</td>
                        <td>{{ book.price }}</td>
                        <td>{{ book.pub_date |date:'Y-m-d' }}</td>
                        <td>{{ book.publish.name }}</td>
                        <td>
                            {#对多个作者进行效果处理#}
                            {% for author in book.authors.all %}
                                {% if forloop.last %}
                                    {{ author.name }}
                                {% else %}
                                    {{ author.name }} |
                                {% endif %}
                            {% endfor %}
 
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="{% url 'edit_book' book.id %}" class="btn btn-sm btn-warning">编辑</a>
                            <a edit_id="{{ book.id }}" class="btn btn-sm btn-danger">删除</a>
                        </td>
 
                    </tr>
                {% endfor %}
 
 
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
 
<script src="/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script>
<script src="/static/plugins/sweetalert/sweetalert-dev.js"></script>
{% csrf_token %}
<script>
    $(".btn-danger").click(function () {
        _this = $(this)
 
        swal({
                title: "确定删除吗？",
                text: "你将无法恢复该虚拟文件！",
                type: "warning",
                showCancelButton: true,
                confirmButtonColor: "#DD6B55",
                confirmButtonText: "确定删除！",
                cancelButtonText: "取消删除！",
                closeOnConfirm: false,
                closeOnCancel: false
            },
            function (isConfirm) {
                if (isConfirm) {
                    swal("删除！", "你的虚拟文件已经被删除。",
                        "success");
                    $.ajax({
                        url:{% url 'del_book' %},
                        type: 'post',
                        data: {
                            del_id: _this.attr('edit_id'),
                            csrfmiddlewaretoken: $("[name='csrfmiddlewaretoken']").val()
                        },
                        success: function (data) {
                            var data = JSON.parse(data)
                            if (data.status) {
                                _this.parent().parent().remove()
                            }else {
                                window.location=data.url
                            }
                        }
                    })
                } else {
                    swal("取消！", "你的虚拟文件是安全的:)",
                        "error");
                }
            });
 
 
    })
 
 
</script>
 
</body>
</html>　　

add_book.html

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>添加书籍</title>
 
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <form class="form-horizontal" action="{% url 'add_book' %}" method="post" novalidate>
    {% csrf_token %}
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="name" class="col-sm-2 control-label">书名</label>
            <div class="col-sm-10">
                <input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" placeholder="name" name="name">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="price" class="col-sm-2 control-label">价格</label>
            <div class="col-sm-10">
                <input type="number" class="form-control" id="price" placeholder="price" name="price">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="date" class="col-sm-2 control-label">出版日期</label>
            <div class="col-sm-10">
                <input type="date" class="form-control" id="date" name="date">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="publish" class="col-sm-2 control-label">出版社</label>
            <div class="col-sm-10">
                <select name="publish" id="publish" class="form-control">
                    {% for publisher in publishers %}
                        <option value="{{ publisher.id }}">{{ publisher.name }}</option>
                    {% endfor %}
 
                </select>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="authors" class="col-sm-2 control-label">作者</label>
            <div class="col-sm-10">
                <select name="authors" id="authors" class="form-control" multiple>
                    {% for author in authors %}
                        <option value="{{ author.id }}">{{ author.name }}</option>
                    {% endfor %}
 
                </select>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">提交</button>
            </div>
        </div>
    </form>
 
</div>
 
</body>
</html>

edit_book.html

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>添加书籍</title>
 
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <form class="form-horizontal" action="{% url 'edit_book' book_obj.id %}" method="post" novalidate>
        {% csrf_token %}
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="name" class="col-sm-2 control-label">书名</label>
            <div class="col-sm-10">
                <input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" placeholder="name" name="name"
                       value="{{ book_obj.title }}">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="price" class="col-sm-2 control-label">价格</label>
            <div class="col-sm-10">
                <input type="number" class="form-control" id="price" placeholder="price" name="price"
                       value="{{ book_obj.price }}">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="date" class="col-sm-2 control-label">出版日期</label>
            <div class="col-sm-10">
                <input type="date" class="form-control" id="date" name="date"
                       value="{{ book_obj.pub_date |date:'Y-m-d' }}">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="publish" class="col-sm-2 control-label">出版社</label>
            <div class="col-sm-10">
                <select name="publish" id="publish" class="form-control">
                    {% for publisher in publishers %}
                        {% if book_obj.publish == publisher %}
                            <option value="{{ publisher.id }}" selected>{{ publisher.name }}</option>
                        {% else %}
                            <option value="{{ publisher.id }}">{{ publisher.name }}</option>
                        {% endif %}
 
                    {% endfor %}
 
                </select>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="authors" class="col-sm-2 control-label">作者</label>
            <div class="col-sm-10">
                <select name="authors" id="authors" class="form-control" multiple>
                    {% for author in authors %}
                        {% if author in book_obj.authors.all %}
                            <option value="{{ author.id }}" selected>{{ author.name }}</option>
                        {% else %}
                            <option value="{{ author.id }}">{{ author.name }}</option>
                        {% endif %}
                    {% endfor %}
 
                </select>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">提交</button>
            </div>
        </div>
    </form>
 
</div>
 
</body>
</html>

2.基于forms组件实现的增删改查

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posted @ 2019-05-22 11:37  mqhpy  阅读(211)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报