linux搭建ftp
前段时间同事因为需要使用FTP，我就搭建了一个简易的Linux FTP服务器，可以实现文件上传。
准备：一个网络正常的Linux服务器
1、安装vsftpd
#安装vsftpd yum -y install vsftpd
2、编辑配置文件
#编辑配置文件 vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf #修改内容（其实只改这个就可以了，如果有其他需求，就需要更改其他配置了 >_0） anonymous_enable=NO # 是否允许匿名ftp,如否则选择NO
3、启动vsftpd
#启动vsftpd systemctl start vsftpd.service #查看状态 systemctl status vsftpd.service
4、开放FTP需要的端口（不需要关闭防火墙 >_0）
#开放端口 firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=21/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1025-65535/tcp --permanent systemctl restart firewalld
5、创建你的用户（不要使用 root 作为用户，那是Linux专用。）
adduser ftp_demo passwd ftp_demo
6、测试结果
7、查看是否上传成功(或者在Linux上查看)，再测试下载
以下是我对FTP的配置文件做的详解
1 # Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf 2 # 3 # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file 4 # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable. 5 # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults. 6 # 7 # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options. 8 # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's 9 # capabilities. 10 # 11 # Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out). 12 anonymous_enable=NO # 是否允许匿名ftp,如否则选择NO 13 # 14 # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in. 15 # When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir 16 local_enable=YES # 是否允许本地用户登录 17 # 18 # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command. 19 write_enable=YES # 是否对登录用户开启写权限。属全局性设置 20 # 21 # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022, 22 # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's) 23 local_umask=022 # umask 默认755 24 # 25 # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only 26 # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will 27 # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user. 28 # When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access 29 #anon_upload_enable=YES # 匿名用户是否能上传 30 # 31 # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create 32 # new directories. 33 #anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES # 匿名用户是否能创建目录 34 # 35 # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they 36 # go into a certain directory. 37 dirmessage_enable=YES 38 # 39 # Activate logging of uploads/downloads. 40 xferlog_enable=YES # 是否启用上传/下载日志记录 41 # 42 # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data). 43 connect_from_port_20=YES # 是否确信端口传输来自20(ftp-data) 44 # 45 # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by 46 # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not 47 # recommended! 48 #chown_uploads=YES # 是否改变上传文件的属主 49 #chown_username=whoever # 如果是需要输入一个系统用户名 50 # 51 # You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown 52 # below. 53 #xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog # ftp传输日志的路径和名字，需启用xferlog_enable选项 54 # 55 # If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format. 56 # Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case. 57 xferlog_std_format=YES # 是否使用标准的ftp xferlog模式 58 # 59 # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session. 60 #idle_session_timeout=600 # 设置session超时时间 61 # 62 # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection. 63 #data_connection_timeout=120 # 设置数据传输超时时间 64 # 65 # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the 66 # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user. 67 #nopriv_user=ftpsecure 68 # 69 # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not 70 # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it, 71 # however, may confuse older FTP clients. 72 #async_abor_enable=YES 73 # 74 # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore 75 # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII 76 # mangling on files when in ASCII mode. The vsftpd.conf(5) man page explains 77 # the behaviour when these options are disabled. 78 # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service 79 # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd 80 # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the 81 # raw file. 82 # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol. 83 #ascii_upload_enable=YES # 是否使用ascii码方式上传文件，默认为NO 84 #ascii_download_enable=YES # 是否使用ascii码方式下载文件，默认为NO 85 # 86 # You may fully customise the login banner string: 87 #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service. # 该配置项用于设置比较简短的欢迎信息。若欢迎信息较多，则可使用banner_file配置项。 88 # 89 # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently 90 # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks. 91 #deny_email_enable=YES 92 # (default follows) 93 #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails 94 # 95 # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home 96 # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of 97 # users to NOT chroot(). 98 # (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that 99 # the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the 100 # chroot) 101 #chroot_local_user=YES # 本地用户禁锢在宿主目录中 102 #chroot_list_enable=YES # 是否将系统用户限止在自己的home目录下 103 # (default follows) 104 #chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list # 列出的是不chroot的用户的列表 105 # 106 # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by 107 # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large 108 # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume 109 # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it. 110 #ls_recurse_enable=YES 111 # 112 # When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and 113 # listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction 114 # with the listen_ipv6 directive. 115 listen=NO 116 # 117 # This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening 118 # on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6 119 # and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6 120 # sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific 121 # addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration 122 # files. 123 # Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !! 124 listen_ipv6=YES 125 126 pam_service_name=vsftpd 127 userlist_enable=YES 128 tcp_wrappers=YES 129 130 # anon_other_write_enable=YES # 修改文件名和删除文件 131 # anon_world_readable_only=YES 匿名用户是否允许下载可阅读的文档，默认为YES。 132 133 # 设置访问速度 134 # anon_max_rate=0 设置匿名用户所能使用的最大传输速度，单位为b/s。若设置为0，则不受速度限制，此为默认值 135 # local_max_rate=0 设置本地用户所能使用的最大传输速度。默认为0，不受限制。 136 137 # ftp_username=ftp 定义匿名用户的账户名称，默认值为ftp 138 # no_anon_password=YES 匿名用户登录时是否询问口令。设置为YES，则不询问。默认NO
