显示锁Lock

显示锁的应用场景

1.ReadWriteLock 读写分离:可以有效地减少锁竞争，以提升系统性能
2.中断锁,超时锁

Lock读写分离

读写分离简介:

读写锁：在同一时刻允许多个读线程访问，但是当写线程访问，所有的写线程和读线程均被阻塞。读写锁维护了一个读锁加一个写锁，通过读写锁分离的模式来保证线程安全，性能高于一般的排他锁。
读写锁分离设计模式的作用是在资源读写时，不用再去关心多线程所造成的读写冲突问题，读的时候加读锁，然后读完释放锁
同理，写的时候加写锁，写完释放锁。内在逻辑全部交给了ReadWriterLock来处理。

遵循原则

1.read read 并行化
2.read write 不允许
3.write write 不允许

读写锁的访问约束情况

线程	读	写
读	非阻塞(不冲突)	阻塞(冲突)
写	阻塞(冲突)	阻塞(冲突)

demo实现逻辑

1.创建实体类

/**
 * @Author 踏步
 * @Description 实体类
 * @Date 2020/5/2 16:30
 **/
public class Entry {
    private String name;

    public Entry(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

}

2.定义接口

 /**
 * @Author 踏步
 * @Description 定义接口
 * @Date 2020/5/2 16:30
 **/
public interface InterfaceClass {

    public Entry getEntry();

    public void setEntry(String name);
}

3.创建接口的实现类

4.在接口实现类中模拟 "读" "写" 锁 的实现

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
/**
 * @Author 踏步
 * @Description 接口实现类 > 读写分离Lock
 * @Date 2020/5/2 16:30
 **/
public class RwLock implements InterfaceClass {
    // 实体类
    private  Entry entry;

    // 创建读写锁
    private final ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
    private final Lock readLock = lock.readLock();
    private final Lock writeLock = lock.writeLock();

    // 构造方法
    public RwLock(Entry entry){
        this.entry = entry;
    }

    /**
     * 读锁
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public Entry getEntry() {
        readLock.lock();
        try {
            //System.out.println("读操作逻辑处理");
            Thread.sleep(5);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            readLock.unlock();
        }
        return entry;
    }

    /**
     * 写锁
     * @param name
     */
    @Override
    public void setEntry(String name) {
        writeLock.lock();
        try {
            //System.out.println("写操作逻辑处理");
            Thread.sleep(5);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            writeLock.unlock();
        }
    }
}

5.创建测试类 > 在测试类中创建线程并测试 "读" "写" 锁

/**
 * @Author 踏步
 * @Description 测试 "读" "写" 锁
 * @Date 2020/5/2 16:30
 **/
public class TestRwLock {
    static final int threadNum = 3;
    static final int readThreadNum = 10;

    /**
     * 读线程
     */
    private static class ReadThread implements Runnable{
        private InterfaceClass interfaceClass;
        private ReadThread(InterfaceClass interfaceClass){
            this.interfaceClass = interfaceClass;
        }
        @Override
        public void run() {
            // 开始时间
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
                // 读操作方法
                interfaceClass.getEntry();
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"读操作功能耗时:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()-start)+"ms");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 写线程
     */
    private static class WriteThread extends Thread{
        private InterfaceClass interfaceClass;
        private WriteThread(InterfaceClass interfaceClass){
            this.interfaceClass = interfaceClass;
        }
        @Override
        public void run() {
            // 开始时间
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                // 写操作方法
                interfaceClass.setEntry("皮卡兵");
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(50);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"写操作功能耗时:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()-start)+"ms");
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Entry entry = new Entry("皮卡丘");
        InterfaceClass interfaceClass = new RwLock(entry);
        for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
            Thread writeThread = new WriteThread(interfaceClass);
            writeThread.start();
            for (int j = 0; j < readThreadNum; j++) {
                Thread readThread = new Thread(new ReadThread(interfaceClass));
                readThread.run();
            }
        }
    }
}