(转) JDBC驱动下载及连接字符串URL写法

sun官方网站上的JDBC驱动列表：http://java.sun.com/products/jdbc/reference/industrysupport/index.html

数 据 库	说      明
MySQL	http://www.mysql.com/products/connector/j/ Shipped. But need to download the latest for MySQL 4.1 or higher.
Oracle	http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/tech/java/sqlj_jdbc/index.html Included.
SQL Server by jTDS	http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=33291 Included. Support Microsoft SQL Server (6.5, 7, 2000 and 2005)
Postgres	http://jdbc.postgresql.org/download.html Included 7.3 JDBC 3
SAP DB	http://www.sapdb.org/sap_db_jdbc.htm Included.
SyBase by jTDS	http://jtds.sourceforge.net/ Included. Support Sybase (10, 11, 12)

以下内容来自互联网

1. MySQL(http://www.mysql.com) mysql-connector-java-2.0.14-bin.jar ;
  Class.forName( "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver" );
  cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:mysql://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:3306/myDatabaseName", sUsr, sPwd ); 
2. PostgreSQL(http://www.de.postgresql.org) pgjdbc2.jar ;
  Class.forName( "org.postgresql.Driver" ); 
  cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:postgresql://MyDbComputerNameOrIP/myDatabaseName", sUsr, sPwd ); 
3. Oracle(http://www.oracle.com/ip/deploy/database/oracle9i/) classes12.zip ;
  Class.forName( "oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" ); 
  cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:oracle:thin:@MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1521:ORCL", sUsr, sPwd ); 
4. Sybase(http://jtds.sourceforge.net) jconn2.jar ;
  Class.forName( "com.sybase.jdbc2.jdbc.SybDriver" ); 
  cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:sybase:Tds:MyDbComputerNameOrIP:2638", sUsr, sPwd ); 
  //(Default-Username/Password: "dba"/"sql") 
5. Microsoft SQLServer(http://jtds.sourceforge.net) ;
  Class.forName( "net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver" ); 
  cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1433/master", sUsr, sPwd ); 
6. Microsoft SQLServer(http://www.microsoft.com) ;
  Class.forName( "com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver" ); 
  cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1433;databaseName=master", sUsr, sPwd ); 
7. ODBC 
  Class.forName( "sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver" ); 
  Connection cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:odbc:" + sDsn, sUsr, sPwd ); 
8.DB2 Class.forName("com.ibm.db2.jdbc.net.DB2Driver"); 
  String url="jdbc:db2://192.9.200.108:6789/SAMPLE" 
  cn = DriverManager.getConnection( url, sUsr, sPwd ); 
9.access由于access并不是作为一项服务运行，所以url的方法对他不适用。access可以通过odbc，也可以通过服务器映射路径的形式找到.mdb文件,参见http://rmijdbc.objectweb.org/Access/access.html

JDBC API的使用方法
(1)登记并加载JDBC驱动程序；
两种方法：
Class.forName(String drivername);
DriverManager.registerDriver(Driver driver)

(2)建立与SQL数据库的连接；
DriverManager的getConnection()方法：
Connection getConnection(String url):url表示数据库地址字符串；
Connection getConnection(String url,String user,String pwd)
Connection getConnection(String url,Properties info)
(3)传送一个SQL查询；
Connection的createStatement()方法：
Statement createStatement();
Statement可以执行SQL语句，得到SQL查询结果。

(4)获得结果集。
Statement的执行SQL语句方法：
ResultSet executeQuery(String sql):执行select语句
int executeUpdate(String sql)：执行更新语句，如insert,delete,update.

(5)检索查询结果。
ResultSet的方法：
boolean next():没有行时返回false;
String getString(String columnName)：返回列名对应的值。

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为了方便大家查找，整理内容如下：
1. MySQL(http://www.mysql.com)mm.mysql-2.0.2-bin.jar
Class.forName( "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver" );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:mysql://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:3306/myDatabaseName", sUsr, sPwd );

2. PostgreSQL(http://www.de.postgresql.org)pgjdbc2.jar
Class.forName( "org.postgresql.Driver" );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:postgresql://MyDbComputerNameOrIP/myDatabaseName", sUsr, sPwd );

3. Oracle(http://www.oracle.com/ip/deploy/database/oracle9i/)classes12.zip
Class.forName( "oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:oracle:thin:@MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1521:ORCL", sUsr, sPwd );

4. Sybase(http://jtds.sourceforge.net)jconn2.jar
Class.forName( "com.sybase.jdbc2.jdbc.SybDriver" );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:sybase:Tds:MyDbComputerNameOrIP:2638", sUsr, sPwd );
//(Default-Username/Password: "dba"/"sql")

5. Microsoft SQLServer(http://jtds.sourceforge.net)
Class.forName( "net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver" );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1433/master", sUsr, sPwd );

6. Microsoft SQLServer(http://www.microsoft.com)
Class.forName( "com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver" );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1433;databaseName=master", sUsr, sPwd );

7. ODBC
Class.forName( "sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver" );
Connection cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:odbc:" + sDsn, sUsr, sPwd );

8.DB2(新添加)
Class.forName("com.ibm.db2.jdbc.net.DB2Driver");
String url="jdbc:db2://192.9.200.108:6789/SAMPLE"
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( url, sUsr, sPwd );

9.Microsoft SQL Server series (6.5, 7.x and 2000) and Sybase 10

JDBC Name: jTDS
URL: http://jtds.sourceforge.net/
Version: 0.5.1
Download URL: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=33291

语法:
Class.forName("net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver ");
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://host:port/database","user","password");
or
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:jtds:sybase://host:port/database","user","password");

10.Postgresql
JDBC Name: PostgreSQL JDBC
URL: http://jdbc.postgresql.org/
Version: 7.3.3 build 110
Download URL: http://jdbc.postgresql.org/download.html
语法:
Class.forName("org.postgresql.Driver");
Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:postgresql://host:port/database","user","password");

11.IBM AS400主机在用的JDBC语法
有装V4R4以上版本的Client Access Express
可以在C:\Program Files\IBM\Client Access\jt400\lib
找到 driver 档案 jt400.zip，并更改扩展名成为 jt400.jar
语法:
java.sql.DriverManager.registerDriver (new com.ibm.as400.access.AS400JDBCDriver ());
Class.forName("com.ibm.as400.access.AS400JDBCConnection");
con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:as400://IP","user","password");

12.informix
Class.forName("com.informix.jdbc.IfxDriver").newInstance();
String url =
"jdbc:informix-sqli://123.45.67.89:1533/testDB:INFORMIXSERVER=myserver;
user=testuser;password=testpassword";
Lib：jdbcdrv.zip<br><br>Class.forName( "com.sybase.jdbc.SybDriver" )
url="jdbc:sybase:Tds:127.0.0.1:2638/asademo";
SybConnection connection= (SybConnection)DriverManager.getConnection(url,"dba","sql");

13.SAP DB
Class.forName ("com.sap.dbtech.jdbc.DriverSapDB");
java.sql.Connection connection = java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection ( "jdbc:sapdb://" + host + "/" + database_name,user_name, password)

14.InterBase
String url = "jdbc:interbase://localhost/e:/testbed/database/employee.gdb";
Class.forName("interbase.interclient.Driver");
//Driver d = new interbase.interclient.Driver (); /* this will also work if you do not want the line above */
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection( url, "sysdba", "masterkey" );

15.HSqlDB
url: http://hsqldb.sourceforge.net/
driver: org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver
连接方式有4种，分别为：
con-str（内存）: jdbc:hsqldb.
con-str（本地）: jdbc:hsqldb:/path/to/the/db/dir
con-str（http）: jdbc:hsqldb:http://dbsrv
con-str（hsql）: jdbc:hsqldb:hsql://dbsrv

 reference: http://www.blogjava.net/simie/archive/2007/07/01/127366.html