poj 2084 Game of Connections

#include <iostream>            //高精度  组合数学,Catalan数,公式:An=A(n-1)*(4n-2)/(n+1)
#include <string>
#include
<algorithm>
using namespace std;

int compare(string str1, string str2)
{
while(str1[0]=='0')
{
str1.erase(
0,1);
}
while(str2[0]=='0')
{
str2.erase(
0,1);
}
if(str1.size() > str2.size()) //长度长的整数大于长度小的整数
return 1;
else if(str1.size() < str2.size())
return -1;
else
return str1.compare(str2); //若长度相等,从头到尾按位比较,compare函数:相等返回0,大于返回1,小于返回-1
}
int to_int(char ch)
{
return ch-48;
}
char to_char(int i)
{
return (char)(i+48);
}
void dipose_head(string& str,int sign) //str为引用类型
{
str.erase(
0, str.find_first_not_of('0')); //去除结果中的前导0
if(str.empty()) str = "0";
if((sign == -1) && (str[0] != '0')) //处理符号位 ,若str[0] == '0'说明结果是0,就不必要在前面加上-
str = '-' + str;
}

//高精度加法
string ADD_INT(string str1, string str2) //计算str1 + str2的值,处理成 str1 ,str2 >= 0
{
string MINUS_INT(string str1, string str2); //要事先声明MINUS_INT
string str;
if(str1[0] == '-')
{
if(str2[0] == '-')
{
str
= ADD_INT(str1.erase(0, 1), str2.erase(0, 1));
if(str[0] != '0')
str
= "-" + str;
}
else
str
= MINUS_INT(str2, str1.erase(0, 1));
}
else
{
if(str2[0] == '-')
str
= MINUS_INT(str1, str2.erase(0, 1));

else //str1 ,str2 >= 0的情况
{
string::size_type l1, l2;
int i;
l1
= str1.size(); l2 = str2.size();
if(l1 < l2) //把两个整数对齐,短整数前面加0补齐
for(i = 1; i <= l2 - l1; i++)
str1
= '0' + str1;
else
for(i = 1; i <= l1 - l2; i++)
str2
= '0' + str2;
int int1 = 0, int2 = 0; //int2 记录进位
for(i = str1.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
int1
= ( str1[i]+str2[i] - 96 + int2 ) % 10;
int2
= ( str1[i]+str2[i] - 96 + int2 ) / 10;
str
= to_char(int1) + str;
}
if(int2 != 0) str = to_char(int2) + str; //处理最后的进位
}
}
return str;
}

//高精度减法
string MINUS_INT(string str1, string str2) //计算str1 - str2的值,先处理成 str1 ,str2 >= 0,再处理成 str1 > str2 >= 0
{
int sign = 1; //sign 为符号位
string str;
if(str2[0] == '-')
{
if(str1[0]!='-')
str
= ADD_INT(str1, str2.erase(0, 1));
else
str
=MINUS_INT(str2.erase(0,1),str1.erase(0,1));
}
else
{
if(str1[0]=='-')
{
str
= ADD_INT(str1.erase(0, 1), str2);
if(str[0] != '0')
str
= "-" + str;
}
else //str1 ,str2 >= 0的情况
{
int res = compare(str1, str2);
if(res == 0) return "0"; //二者相等
if(res < 0)
{
sign
= -1;
str1.swap(str2);
}
string::size_type temp_int;
temp_int
= str1.size() - str2.size();
for(int i = str2.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
if(str1[i + temp_int] < str2[i])
{
str1[i
+ temp_int - 1] = str1[i + temp_int - 1] - 1; // '5'='6'-1
str = to_char(str1[i + temp_int] - str2[i] + 10) + str;
}
else
str
=to_char(str1[i + temp_int] - str2[i]) + str;
}
str
= str1.substr(0,temp_int) + str; //str1[i] 从i=0 到 i=temp_int - 1
dipose_head(str,sign);
}
}
return str;
}

//高精度乘法
string MULTIPLY_INT(string str1, string str2)
{
int sign = 1; //sign 为符号位
if(str1[0] == '-')
{
sign
*= -1;
str1
= str1.erase(0, 1);
}
if(str2[0] == '-')
{
sign
*= -1;
str2
= str2.erase(0, 1);
}
if(str1=="0"||str2=="0") return "0";

int i, j; string str;
string::size_type len1, len2;
len1
= str1.size(); len2 = str2.size();

for(i = len2 - 1; i >= 0; i --) //实现手工乘法
{
string temp_str;
int int1 = 0, int2 = 0, int3 = to_int(str2[i]);
if(int3 != 0)
{
for(j = 1; j <= len2-1 - i; j++)
temp_str
= '0' + temp_str;
for(j = len1 - 1; j >= 0; j--)
{
int1
= (int3 * to_int(str1[j]) + int2) % 10;
int2
= (int3 * to_int(str1[j]) + int2) / 10;
temp_str
= to_char(int1) + temp_str;
}
if(int2 != 0) temp_str = to_char(int2) + temp_str;
}
str
= ADD_INT(str, temp_str);
}
if((sign == -1) && (str[0] != '0'))
str
= '-' + str;
return str;
}

//高精度除法
string DIVIDE_INT(string str1, string str2, int flag) //flag = 1时,返回商; flag = 0时,返回余数
{
string quotient, residue; //定义商和余数,sign1,sign2判断商和余数的符号
int sign1 = 1, sign2 = 1;
if(str2 == "0") //判断除数是否为0
return "ERROR!";
if(str1 == "0") //判断被除数是否为0
return "0";

if(str1[0] == '-')
{
str1
= str1.erase(0, 1);
sign1
*= -1;
sign2
= -1; //余数的符号由被除数的符号决定
}
if(str2[0] == '-')
{
str2
= str2.erase(0, 1);
sign1
*= -1;
}
int res = compare(str1, str2);
if(res < 0)
{
quotient
= "0";
residue
= str1;
}
else if(res == 0)
{
quotient
= "1";
residue
= "0";
}
else //str1>str2
{
string::size_type len1, len2;
len1
= str1.size(); len2 = str2.size();
string temp_str;
temp_str.append(str1,
0, len2 - 1); //添加从str1[0]到str1[len2 - 2]

for(int i = len2 - 1; i < len1; i++) //模拟手工除法
{
temp_str
= temp_str + str1[i];
for(char ch = '9'; ch >= '0'; ch --) //试商
{
string str;
str
= str + ch;
if(compare(MULTIPLY_INT(str2, str), temp_str) <= 0)
//在compare增添的两个while()语句在这里发挥作用,倘若缺失,比如计算10/1,第二次的temp_str=00,按照compare函数的定义,00就会比1大了
{
quotient
= quotient + ch;
temp_str
= MINUS_INT(temp_str, MULTIPLY_INT(str2, str));
break;
}
}
}
residue
= temp_str; //residue就不用判断前面是否带0,因为temp_str = MINUS_INT(...),MINUS_INT把0处理了

if(quotient[0]=='0')
quotient.erase(
0,1); //商前面最多只有一个0
}

if((sign1 == -1) && (quotient!="0")) quotient = "-" + quotient;

if((sign2 == -1) && (residue != "0")) residue = "-" + residue;

if(flag == 1)
return quotient;
else
return residue;
}



string to_str(int n)
{
string str;
while(n)
{
str.push_back(n
%10+48);
n
=n/10;
}
reverse(str.begin(),str.end());
return str;
}
int main()
{
string num[105]={"1"};
for(int i=1;i<=100;++i)
{
num[i]
=DIVIDE_INT(MULTIPLY_INT(num[i-1],to_str(4*i-2)),to_str(i+1),1);
}
int n;
while(cin>>n&&n!=-1)
cout
<<num[n]<<endl;
return 0;
}

  

posted on 2011-07-22 19:12  sysu_mjc  阅读(222)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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