Far Sync容灾部署及测试

前言

Far Sync都已经出现很多年了，虽然知道这个东西，但一直没有亲自测试过，最近有个项目可能要上这个玩意，于是先在测试环境练练手。

一、      环境信息

部署Far Sync ADG环境，需要提前准备好主、备库环境以及至少一套Far Sync用的环境（单机或RAC）。

1.      Far Sync HA架构

此次文档使用Far Sync HA架构。

Far Sync HA架构，也即有两个Far Sync节点，避免Far Sync出现单点故障。

2.      测试环境说明

本次测试，环境信息如下所示：

	DB_UNIQUE_NAME	DB_NAME	SID	TNS alias	IP
主库	pocdb	pocdb	pocdb	pocdb_tns	192.168.56.141
备库	pocdbdg	pocdb	pocdb	pocdbdg_tns	192.168.56.144
FarSync1	pocdbfs1	pocdb	pocdbfs1	pocdbfs1_tns	192.168.56.142
FarSync2	pocdbfs2	pocdb	pocdbfs2	pocdbfs2_tns	192.168.56.143

 

二、      配置容灾

1.      配置ADG环境

具体配置过程省略。

ADG配置完成后，环境信息如下所示。

SQL> select * from v$dataguard_config;

DB_UNIQUE_NAME     PARENT_DBUN    DEST_ROLE         CURRENT_SCN     CON_ID

------------------ -------------- ----------------- ----------- ----------

pocdb              NONE           PRIMARY DATABASE       409942          0

pocdbdg            pocdb          PHYSICAL STANDBY       409944          0

SQL>

2.      RMAN配置Far Sync1

1)      配置Far Sync1的服务名称

Far Sync1库所有节点需配置数据库服务名

# su - oracle

$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

pocdb_tns =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.141)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME = pocdb)

    )

  )

 

pocdbfs1_tns =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.142)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME = pocdbfs1)

    )

  )

 

pocdbfs2_tns =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.143)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME = pocdbfs2)

    )

  ) 

 

pocdbdg_tns =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.144)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME = pocdbdg)

    )

  )

2)      注册Far Sync1的静态监听

Far Sync1库所有节点需配置静态监听

添加静态注册监听，用于DG BROKER：名称：db_nuique_name_dgmgrl

# su - grid

$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora

#备库配置

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

  (SID_DESC =

    (GLOBAL_DBNAME = pocdbfs1_DGMGRL)

    (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1)

    (SID_NAME = pocdbfs1)

  )

  (SID_DESC =

    (GLOBAL_DBNAME = pocdbfs1)

    (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1)

    (SID_NAME = pocdbfs1)

  )

)

# reload监听使参数生效

$ lsnrctl reload

$ lsnrctl status

3)      将主库的pfile文件拷贝至Far Sync1

--主库：

$ scp pfile.ora 192.168.56.142:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/dbs

--备库：

$ mv pfile.ora initpocdbfs1.ora

4)      将主库的密码文件拷贝至Far Sync1

--主库：

$ scp orapwpocdb 192.168.56.142:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/dbs

--备库：

$ mv orapwpocdb orapwpocdbfs1

 

5)      修改Far Sync1库的pfile文件

$ mv pfile.ora initpocdbfs1.ora

修改后的内容如下：

[oracle@db02 dbs]$ cat initpocdbfs1.ora

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/pocdbfs1/adump'

*.audit_trail='db'

*.compatible='19.0.0'

*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdbfs1/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdbfs1/control02.ctl'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdb','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdbfs1'

*.db_name='pocdb'

*.db_unique_name='pocdbfs1'

*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'

*.fal_server='pocdb_tns'

*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(pocdb,pocdbfs1,pocdbdg)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdbfs1/archive'

*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=pocdbdg_tns ASYNC VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILES,STANDBY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdbdg'

*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'

*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'

*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdb','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdbfs1'

*.memory_target=1515m

*.nls_language='AMERICAN'

*.nls_territory='AMERICA'

*.open_cursors=300

*.processes=500

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.standby_file_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

6)      登陆Far Sync1库，添加相关目录

$ mkdir -p  /u01/app/oracle/admin/pocdbfs1/adump

$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdbfs1/archive

7)      登陆Far Sync1库，nomont启动实例

$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> startup nomount

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

8)      测试主、备、Far Sync1库的TNS连通性

sqlplus sys/welcome1@pocdb_tns as sysdba

sqlplus sys/welcome1@pocdbdg_tns as sysdba

sqlplus sys/welcome1@pocdbfs1_tns as sysdba

主库、备库以及Far Sync1库都需要测试成功。

 

9)      登陆主库，通过rman恢复Far Sync1

#在主库操作:

1).创建farsync1.rman脚本，内容如下所示：

run {

allocate channel prmy1 type disk;

allocate channel prmy2 type disk;

allocate channel prmy3 type disk;

allocate channel prmy4 type disk;

allocate auxiliary channel stby1 type disk;

allocate auxiliary channel stby2 type disk;

allocate auxiliary channel stby3 type disk;

allocate auxiliary channel stby4 type disk;

duplicate target database for FARSYNC from active database nofilenamecheck;

}

 

2).创建farsync1.sh脚本，后期放入后台执行。

rman target sys/welcome1@pocdb_tns auxiliary sys/welcome1@pocdbfs1_tns cmdfile farsync1.rman log rman.log

 

3).执行farsync1.sh脚本：

nohup ./farsync1.sh &

 

备注：rman 分别使用简易连接连接主库和far sync，也可以直接使用TNS配置名称连接。

10)  确认farsync1状态

SQL>  select open_mode,protection_mode,protection_level,switchover#,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

11)  修改主库参数

alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(pocdb,pocdbfs1,pocdbdg)' scope=both sid='*';

利用Group 和 Priority的配置，控制日志传输的优先级和方向

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=pocdbfs1_tns SYNC AFFIRM   VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) GROUP=1 PRIORITY=1 DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdbfs1' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3='SERVICE=pocdbdg_tns ASYNC NOAFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) GROUP=1 PRIORITY=8 DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdbdg' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_3=ENABLE scope=both sid='*';

 

alter system set fal_server='pocdbdg_tns' scope=both sid='*';

 

12)  修改备库参数

alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(pocdb,pocdbfs1,pocdbdg)' scope=both sid='*';

 

利用Group 和 Priority的配置，控制日志传输的优先级和方向

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=pocdb_tns ASYNC NOAFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) GROUP=2 PRIORITY=1 DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdb' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE scope=both sid='*';

alter system set fal_server='pocdb_tns,pocdbfs1_tns,pocdbfs2_tns' scope=both sid='*';

 

13)  修改Far Sync1库参数

alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(pocdb,pocdbfs1,pocdbdg)' scope=both sid='*';

 

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdbfs1/archive VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdbfs1' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=pocdbdg_tns ASYNC VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILES,STANDBY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdbdg' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE scope=both sid='*';

 

alter system set fal_server='pocdb_tns' scope=both sid='*';

14)      确认配置完成

SQL> select * from v$dataguard_config;

DB_UNIQUE_NAME   PARENT_DBUN    DEST_ROLE         CURRENT_SCN     CON_ID

---------------- -------------- ----------------- ----------- ----------

pocdb            NONE           PRIMARY DATABASE       422700          0

pocdbfs1         pocdb          FAR SYNC INSTANCE      422552          0

pocdbdg          pocdbfs1       PHYSICAL STANDBY       422552          0

SQL>

SQL> select dest_name,status,type,destination,error from v$archive_dest_status where dest_id<=4;

DEST_NAME                                STATUS    TYPE             DESTINATION             ERROR

--------------------- --------- ---------------- --------------------------------------- -----------

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1    VALID     LOCAL            /u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdb/archive  

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2    VALID     FAR SYNC         pocdbfs1_tns                           

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3    ALTERNATE PHYSICAL         pocdbdg_tns                            

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_4    INACTIVE  LOCAL

3.      配置Far Sync2

配置Far Sync2的步骤与配置Far Sync1基本一致，也可以考虑使用手动方式来配置Far Sync2。如果使用手动方式配置Far Sync2，则必须先在主库生成Far Sync格式的控制文件，然后在Far Sync2实例中添加standby logfile。

配置完Far Sync2后，主要是需要修改整个DG环境中的相关参数。具体如下所示。

1)      修改主库参数

alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(pocdb,pocdbfs1,pocdbfs2,pocdbdg)' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=pocdbfs1_tns SYNC AFFIRM   VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) GROUP=1 PRIORITY=1 DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdbfs1' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3='SERVICE=pocdbfs2_tns SYNC AFFIRM   VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) GROUP=1 PRIORITY=1 DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdbfs2' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_3=ENABLE scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_4='SERVICE=pocdbdg_tns ASYNC NOAFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) GROUP=1 PRIORITY=8 DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdbdg' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_4=ENABLE scope=both sid='*';

alter system set fal_server='pocdbdg_tns' scope=both sid='*';

 

2)      修改备库参数

alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(pocdb,pocdbfs1,pocdbfs2,pocdbdg)' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdb/archive VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdbdg' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=pocdb_tns ASYNC NOAFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) GROUP=2 PRIORITY=1 DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdb' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE scope=both sid='*';

alter system set fal_server='pocdb_tns,pocdbfs1_tns,pocdbfs2_tns' scope=both sid='*';

14)  修改Far Sync1库参数

alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(pocdb,pocdbfs1,pocdbfs2,pocdbdg)' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdbfs1/archive VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdbfs1' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=pocdbdg_tns ASYNC VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILES,STANDBY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdbdg' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE scope=both sid='*';

alter system set fal_server='pocdb_tns' scope=both sid='*';

15)  修改Far Sync2库参数

alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(pocdb,pocdbfs1,pocdbfs2,pocdbdg)' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdbfs2/archive VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdbfs2' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=pocdbdg_tns ASYNC VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILES,STANDBY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pocdbdg' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE scope=both sid='*';

alter system set fal_server='pocdb_tns' scope=both sid='*';

16)  确认配置完成

SQL> select * from v$dataguard_config;

 

DB_UNIQUE_NAME                 PARENT_DBUN                    DEST_ROLE         CURRENT_SCN     CON_ID

------------------------------ ------------------------------ ----------------- ----------- ----------

POCDB                          NONE                           PRIMARY DATABASE       802346          0

pocdbfs1                       POCDB                          FAR SYNC INSTANCE      802267          0

pocdbdg                        pocdbfs1                       PHYSICAL STANDBY       802267          0

pocdbfs2                       UNKNOWN                        UNKNOWN                     0          0

SQL>

 

SQL> select dest_name,status,type,destination,error from v$archive_dest_status where dest_id<=4;

DEST_NAME            STATUS    TYPE       DESTINATION                              ERROR

-------------------- --------- ---------- ---------------------------------------- -----------

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1   VALID     LOCAL      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdb/archive

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2   ALTERNATE FAR SYNC   pocdbfs1_tns                             ORA-03113:

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3   VALID     FAR SYNC   pocdbfs2_tns

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_4   ALTERNATE UNKNOWN    pocdbdg_tns

 

DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - config1

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance

  Members:

  pocdb    - Primary database

    pocdbdg  - Physical standby database

    pocdbfs1 - Far sync instance

    pocdbfs2 - Far sync instance

Fast-Start Failover:  Disabled

Configuration Status:

SUCCESS   (status updated 28 seconds ago)

DGMGRL>

三、      Far Sync高可用测试

1.      当前状态

SQL> select dest_name,status,type,destination,error from v$archive_dest_status where dest_id<=4;

DEST_NAME              STATUS    TYPE        DESTINATION                             ERROR

---------------------- --------- ----------- --------------------------------------- -------

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1     VALID     LOCAL       /u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdb/archive

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2     ALTERNATE PHYSICAL    pocdbdg_tns

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3     VALID     FAR SYNC    pocdbfs1_tns

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_4     ALTERNATE FAR SYNC    pocdbfs2_tns

SQL>

 

DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - config1

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance

  Members:

  pocdb    - Primary database

    pocdbfs1 - Far sync instance

      pocdbdg  - Physical standby database

  Members Not Receiving Redo:

  pocdbfs2 - Far sync instance (alternate of pocdbfs1)

Fast-Start Failover:  Disabled

Configuration Status:

SUCCESS   (status updated 11 seconds ago)

DGMGRL>

Far Sync1工作，Far Sync2备用。

 

2.      停止Far Sync1

SQL>

--停止Far Sync1实例：

SQL> shutdown abort

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL>

 

--查看归档链路

DEST_NAME            STATUS    TYPE        DESTINATION                             ERROR

-------------------- --------- ----------- --------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1   VALID     LOCAL       /u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdb/archive

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2   ALTERNATE PHYSICAL    pocdbdg_tns

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3   ALTERNATE FAR SYNC    pocdbfs1_tns                            ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_4   VALID     FAR SYNC    pocdbfs2_tns

SQL>

DGMGRL> show configuration

 

Configuration - config1

 

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance

  Members:

  pocdb    - Primary database

    pocdbfs2 - Far sync instance (alternate of pocdbfs1)

      pocdbdg  - Physical standby database

 

  Members Not Receiving Redo:

  pocdbfs1 - Far sync instance

 

Fast-Start Failover:  Disabled

 

Configuration Status:

SUCCESS   (status updated 57 seconds ago)

 

DGMGRL>

Far Sync1已经处于备用，而Far Sync2开始工作。

 

3.      停止Far Sync2

SQL>

--停止Far Sync2实例：

SQL> shutdown abort

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL>

 

--查看归档链路

 

DEST_NAME             STATUS    TYPE       DESTINATION                             ERROR

--------------------- --------- ---------- --------------------------------------- ----------------------------------

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1    VALID     LOCAL      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/pocdb/archive

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2    ALTERNATE PHYSICAL   pocdbdg_tns

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3    VALID     FAR SYNC   pocdbfs1_tns

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_4    ALTERNATE FAR SYNC   pocdbfs2_tns                            ORA-03135: connection lost contact

 

SQL>

DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - config1

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance

  Members:

  pocdb    - Primary database

    pocdbfs1 - Far sync instance

      pocdbdg  - Physical standby database

  Members Not Receiving Redo:

  pocdbfs2 - Far sync instance (alternate of pocdbfs1)

Fast-Start Failover:  Disabled

Configuration Status:

SUCCESS   (status updated 52 seconds ago)

DGMGRL>

Far Sync2已经处于备用，而Far Sync1开始工作。

四、 Far Sync最佳实践

部署Far Sync时，尽量满足如下最佳实践。

1）. 主库与Far Sync库之间的网络延迟足够低。

2）. 主库与Far Sync库之间的网络带宽足够大。

3）. 开启redo传输压缩。

4）. 主库与Far Sync库之间的网络实现冗余链路。

5）. Far Sync库的standby log file必须放在IOPS非常大的存储设备上。