SSH框架搭建 Spring + Struts + Hibernate
SSH框架搭建 Spring + Struts + Hibernate
Spring 与Struts2整合就是将Action对象交给Spring容器负责创建。
Spring 与Hibernate整合就是将sessionFactory交给Spring来负责维护。Spring负责维护session维护及aop事务。
新建工程
目录结构
1、导包(41个)
hibernate
hibernate/lib/required
hibernate/lib/jpa | java persist api java的持久化规范(接口)
数据库驱动
struts2
struts-blank.war/WEB-INF/lib/*
注意:javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar包与hibernate中的重复
struts整合spring插件包
注意:这个包一旦导入,那么struts2在启动时就会寻找spring容器.找不到将会抛出异常
spring
基本:4+2
core|beans|context|expression|logging|log4j
整合web:web包
spring-web
整合aop:4个
spring-aop|spring-aspect|aop联盟|aopweaving
整合Hibernate和事务:4个
spring-jdbc|spring-tx|c3p0|spring-orm
正junit4测试:test包
spring-test
标签库
standard.jar
jstl-1.2.jar
2、单独配置spring容器
创建配置文件,并导入约束(4个)beans|context|aop|tx
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd "> <!-- action --> <bean name="userAction" class="cn.itcast.web.action.UserAction" ></bean> </beans>
配置spring随项目启动（web.xml)
<!-- 让spring随web启动而创建的监听器 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 配置spring配置文件位置参数 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param>
3、单独配置struts2
配置struts2主配置文件(struts.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts> <package name="crm" namespace="/" extends="struts-default" > <action name="UserAction_*" class="cn.itcast.web.action.UserAction" method="{1}" > <result name="success" >/success.jsp</result> </action>--> </package> </struts>
配置struts2核心过滤器到web.xml
<!-- struct2核心过滤器 --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
4、struts2与spring整合
导包(已经导入)
struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.24.jar
配置常量(struts.xml)
<!-- # struts.objectFactory = spring 将action的创建交给spring容器 struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name 默认打开 自动装配Action依赖属性 --> <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring"></constant>
整合方案1:struts2自己创建action,spring负责组装依赖属性(
不推荐:最好由spring完整管理action的生命周期.spring中功能才应用到Action上.
) applicationContext.xml
<!-- 整合方案一：class属性上仍然配置action的完整类名 struts2仍然创建action,由spring负责组装action中的依赖属性 <action name="UserAction_*" class="cn.itcast.web.action.UserAction" method="{1}" > <result name="success" >/success.jsp</result> </action>-->
整合方案2:spring负责创建action以及组装.
applicationContext.xml
<!-- action --> <!-- 注意：Action对象作用范围一定是多例的，这样才符合struct2架构 --> <bean name="userAction" class="cn.itcast.web.action.UserAction" scope="prototype" > <property name="userService" ref="userService" ></property> </bean>
struts.xml
<!-- 整合方案二：class属性上填写spring中action对象的BeanName 完全由spring管理action生命周期，包括Action的创建 注意：需要手动组装依赖属性 --> <action name="UserAction_*" class="cn.itcast.web.action.UserAction" method="{1}" > <result name="success" >/success.jsp</result> </action>
5、单独配置hibernate
导入实体类&orm元数据
配置主配置文件(hibernate.cfg.xml)
<!-- 数据库驱动 --> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <!-- 数据库url --> <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///crm_32</property> <!-- 数据库连接用户名 --> <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property> <!-- 数据库连接密码 --> <property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property> <!-- 数据库方言 注意: MYSQL在选择方言时,请选择最短的方言. --> <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <!-- 将hibernate生成的sql语句打印到控制台 --> <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property> <!-- 将hibernate生成的sql语句格式化(语法缩进) --> <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property> <!-- 自动导出表结构. 自动建表 --> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> <!-- 引入orm元数据 路径书写: 填写src下的路径 --> <mapping resource="cn/itcast/domain/Customer.hbm.xml" /> <mapping resource="cn/itcast/domain/LinkMan.hbm.xml" /> <mapping resource="cn/itcast/domain/User.hbm.xml" />
6、spring整合hibernate
整合原理
将sessionFactory对象交给spring容器管理
在spring中配置sessionFactory(applicationContext.xml)
配置方案一:
<!--将SessionFactory配置到spring容器中 --> <!-- 方案一：仍然使用外部的hibernate.cfg.xml配置信息 <bean name="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property> </bean>-->
配置方案二:
<!-- 方案二：在spring配置中放置hibernate配置信息 --> <bean name="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 将连接池注入到sessionFactory,hebernate会通过连接池获得连接 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> <!-- 配置hibernate基本信息 --> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <!-- 必选配置 --> <!-- <prop key="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prop> <prop key="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///crm_32</prop> <prop key="hibernate.connection.username">root</prop> <prop key="hibernate.connection.password">root</prop> --> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> <!-- 可选配置 --> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> </props> </property> <!-- 引入orm元数据,指定orm元数据所在的路径，spring会自动读取包中所有配置 --> <property name="mappingDirectoryLocations" value="classpath:cn/itcast/domain" ></property> </bean>
7、spring整合c3p0连接池
1.配置db.properties
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///crm_32
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=root
2.引入连接池到spring中
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd "> <!-- 读取db.properties文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" /> <!-- 配置c3p0连接池 --> <bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" > <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}" ></property> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" ></property> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" ></property> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" ></property> </bean>
3.将连接池注入给SessionFactory
<!-- 方案二：在spring配置中放置hibernate配置信息 --> <bean name="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 将连接池注入到sessionFactory,hebernate会通过连接池获得连接 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
8、spring整合hibernate环境操作数据库
Dao类创建:继承HibernateDaoSupport
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {}
hibernate模板的操作
execute
@Override public User getByUserCode(final String usercode) { //HQL return getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<User>() { @Override public User doInHibernate(Session session) throws HibernateException { String hql = "from User where user_code = ? "; Query query = session.createQuery(hql); query.setParameter(0, usercode); User user = (User) query.uniqueResult(); return user; } });
//Criteria
// DetachedCriteria dc = DetachedCriteria.forClass(User.class);
// dc.add(Restrictions.eq("user_code", usercode));
//
// List<User> list = (List<User>) getHibernateTemplate().findByCriteria(dc);
// if(list != null && list.size()>0){
// return list.get(0);
// }else{
// return null;
// }
}
findByCriteria
//Criteria // DetachedCriteria dc = DetachedCriteria.forClass(User.class); // dc.add(Restrictions.eq("user_code", usercode)); // // List<User> list = (List<User>) getHibernateTemplate().findByCriteria(dc); // if(list != null && list.size()>0){ // return list.get(0); // }else{ // return null; // }
spring中配置dao
<!-- dao -->
<bean name="userDao" class="cn.itcast.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">
<!-- 注入sessionFactory -->
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
9、spring的aop事务
准备工作
<!-- 配置c3p0连接池 --> <!-- 核心事务管理器 --> <bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" ></property> </bean>
xml配置aop事务
配置通知
<!-- 核心事务管理器 --> <!-- 配置通知 --> <!-- <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager" > <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="save*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" /> <tx:method name="persist*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" /> <tx:method name="update*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" /> <tx:method name="modify*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" /> <tx:method name="delete*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" /> <tx:method name="remove*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" /> <tx:method name="get*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" /> <tx:method name="find*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> -->
配置织入
<!-- 配置通知 --> <!-- 配置将通知织入目标对象 --> <aop:config> <!-- 配置切点 --> <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* cn.itcast.service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..))" id="txPc"/> <!-- 配置切面 --> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPc" /> </aop:config>
注解配置aop事务
开启注解事务
<!-- 配置切面 --> <!-- 开启注解事务 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
Service类中使用注解
@Transactional(isolation=Isolation.REPEATABLE_READ,propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED,readOnly=true) public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{ private UserDao ud; public void setUd(UserDao ud) { this.ud = ud; } }
10、扩大session作用范围
为了避免使用懒加载时出现no-session问题.需要扩大session的作用范围
配置filter(web.xml)
<!-- 让spring随web启动而创建的监听器 --> <!-- 扩大session作用范围 注意：任何filter一定要在structs的filter之前调用 --> <filter> <filter-name>openSessionInview</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>openSessionInview</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
