实验二
实验二以失败告终（遗憾）望指正。
实验二 路由器动态路由的配置方法
一、实验目的：
1．理解动态路由的工作原理；
2. 学习并掌握动态路由协议RIP的配置；
3．学习并掌握动态路由协议OSPF的配置；
4．进一步学习路由器的配置命令。
二、实验原理：
RIP：Routing Information Protocol，路由信息协议，是应用较早、使用较普遍的IGP内部网关协议，适用于小型同类网络，是典型的距离矢量协议。
RIP协议跳数作为衡量路径开销的，RIP协议里规定最大跳数为15。
RIP协议有两个版本RIPv1和RIPv2。
RIPv1属于有类路由协议，不支持VLSM（变长子网掩码），RIPv1是以广播的形式进行路由信息的更新的；更新周期为30秒。
RIPv2属于无类路由协议，支持VLSM（变长子网掩码），RIPv2是以组播的形式进行路由信息的更新的，组播地址是224.0.0.9。RIPv2还支持基于端口的认证，提高网络的安全性。
OSPF协议用链路状态来评估路由，可用于规模很大的网络。
OSPF可通过区域划分网络，对于规模较小的网络一般只设置一个区域0，对于规模较大的网络，可划分多个区域，其中区域0是必不可少的，它用于连接其它各区域。
OSPF协议采用组播方式进行OSPF包交换，组播地址为224.0.0.5（全部OSPF路由器）和224.0.06（指定路由器）。
OSPF协议的管理距离是110，低于RIP协议的120，所以如果设备同时运行OSPF协议和RIP协议，则OSPF协议产生的路由优先级高。
三、实验设备：
计算机、二层交换机、路由器
四、实验拓扑图：
五、实验过程：
三层交换机的基本配置
Switch>enable
Switch#vlan database
% Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode,
as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user
documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.
Switch(vlan)#
Switch(vlan)#vlan 10 name VLAN10
VLAN 10 modified:
Name: VLAN10
Switch(vlan)#vlan 20 name VLAN20
VLAN 20 modified:
Name: VLAN20
Switch(vlan)#
Switch(vlan)#exit
APPLY completed.
Exiting....
Switch#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#interface FastEthernet0/1
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#interface FastEthernet0/2
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#interface FastEthernet0/2
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20
Switch(config-if)#interface vlan 10
Switch(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan10, changed state to up
Switch(config-if)#interface VLAN10
Switch(config-if)#ip address 123.123.123.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#interface VLAN20
Switch(config-if)#ip address 123.123.124.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
Switch#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6
Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10
Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22
Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10 VLAN10 active Fa0/1
20 VLAN20 active Fa0/2
在Router 2上配置端口IP
Router>enable
Router#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface fastethernet 1/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 123.123.12.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#interface serial 2/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 123.123.13.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#Clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
在Router 1上配置端口IP
Router>enable
Router#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface fasterthernet 0/0
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip addres 123.123.14.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
Router(config-if)#interface serial 2/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 123.123.15.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
验证测试：验证路由器接口的配置和状态
Router#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES manual administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 123.123.12.1 YES manual up up
Serial2/0 123.123.13.1 YES manual up down
Serial3/0 unassigned YES manual administratively down down
FastEthernet4/0 unassigned YES manual administratively down down
FastEthernet5/0 unassigned YES manual administratively down down
Router#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 123.123.14.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES manual administratively down down
Serial2/0 123.123.15.2 YES manual up down
Serial3/0 unassigned YES manual administratively down down
FastEthernet4/0 unassigned YES manual administratively down down
FastEthernet5/0 unassigned YES manual administratively down down
配置RIPv2路由协议
1）三层交换机配置RIP协议
Switch>enable
Switch#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#router rip
Switch(config-router)#network 123.123.123.0
Switch(config-router)#network 123.123.124.0
Switch(config-router)#version2
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
Switch(config-router)#version 2
Switch(config-router)#
2）Router 2配置RIP v2协议
Router>enable
Router#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#network 123.123.12.0
Router(config-router)#network 123.123.13.0
Router(config-router)#version 2
Router(config-router)#no auto-summary
3）Router 1配置RIP v2协议
Router>enable
Router#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#
Router(config-router)#network 123.123.15.2
Router(config-router)#network 123.123.14.0
Router(config-router)#version 2
Router(config-router)#no auto-summary
3、验证三台路由设备的路由表，查看是否自动学习了其他网段的路由信息。
Switch#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
123.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 123.123.123.0 is directly connected, Vlan10
C 123.123.124.0 is directly connected, Vlan20
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
123.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 123.123.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
Router#
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
123.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 123.123.14.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
Router#
配置OSPF路由协议
三层交换机
Switch#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#router ospf 1
Switch(config-router)#network 123.123.124.0 area 0
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
Switch(config-router)#network 123.123.124.0 255.0.0.0 area 0
Switch(config-router)#network 123.123.123.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
Switch(config-router)#end
Router2配置
Router#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#network 123.123.12.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
Router(config-router)#network 123.123.13.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
Router(config-router)#end
Router#
Router1配置
Router#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#network 123.123.15.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#network 123.123.15.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
Router(config-router)#network 123.123.14.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
Router(config-router)#netwo
% Incomplete command.
Router(config-router)#end
