【RabbitMQ】03 订阅模式
Pub / Sub 订阅模式
特点是 一条消息可以给多个消费者接收了
首先创建订阅模式生产者发生一些代码变动：
package cn.dzz.pubSub; import com.rabbitmq.client.BuiltinExchangeType; import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel; import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection; import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; public class PubSubInProducer { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{ ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory(); connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.2.121"); connectionFactory.setPort(ConnectionFactory.DEFAULT_AMQP_PORT); // 5672 connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/dzz"); // 虚拟主机？ 默认值 / connectionFactory.setUsername("test"); // guest connectionFactory.setPassword("123456"); // guest Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection(); Channel channel = connection.createChannel(); /** * 多了一个创建交换机的过程 * public DeclareOk exchangeDeclare(String exchange, BuiltinExchangeType type, boolean durable, boolean autoDelete, boolean internal, Map<String, Object> arguments) throws IOException { * return this.exchangeDeclare(exchange, type.getType(), durable, autoDelete, internal, arguments); * } * String exchange 交换机名称 * String type 交换机类型，这里换成枚举类型，方便查找 com.rabbitmq.client.BuiltinExchangeType * DIRECT("direct"), 定向 简单模式 和 工作模式 * FANOUT("fanout"), 扇形 广播（通知给所有和这个交换机绑定的队列） * TOPIC("topic"), 通配符 ？ * HEADERS("headers"); 参数匹配， 视频暂不讲解 * boolean durable 持久化 * boolean autoDelete 自动删除 * boolean internal 内部使用 一般false * Map<String, Object> arguments * * */ String exchangeName = "test_fanout"; channel.exchangeDeclare( exchangeName, BuiltinExchangeType.FANOUT, true, false, false, null ); // 订阅模式案例需要两个队列支持 String queueName1 = "pub&sub - 1"; String queueName2 = "pub&sub - 2"; channel.queueDeclare(queueName1, true, false, false, null); channel.queueDeclare(queueName2, true, false, false, null); /** * 将交换机和队列绑定 * public com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.Queue.BindOk queueBind(String queue, String exchange, String routingKey) throws IOException { * return this.queueBind(queue, exchange, routingKey, (Map)null); * } * String queue 队列名称 * String exchange 交换机名称 * String routingKey 路由键，绑定规则 * 如果是fanout模式， 设置""即可，默认就是给所有队列绑定 * */ channel.queueBind(queueName1, exchangeName, ""); channel.queueBind(queueName2, exchangeName, ""); // 发送消息 // for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { // String body = "send sub&pub msg" + i; // channel.basicPublish("", "work_queue", null, body.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); // } // 释放资源 // channel.close(); // connection.close(); } }
启动之后，可以发现在面板Exchange上面就能找到我们创建的交换机了
Queue面板上面有我们的两个订阅队列：
之后开始发送消息，注意下面发送消息的参数改动：
再次启动，将消息发送到RabbitMQ中
package cn.dzz.pubSub; import com.rabbitmq.client.BuiltinExchangeType; import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel; import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection; import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; public class PubSubInProducer { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{ ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory(); connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.2.121"); connectionFactory.setPort(ConnectionFactory.DEFAULT_AMQP_PORT); // 5672 connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/dzz"); // 虚拟主机？ 默认值 / connectionFactory.setUsername("test"); // guest connectionFactory.setPassword("123456"); // guest Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection(); Channel channel = connection.createChannel(); /** * 多了一个创建交换机的过程 * public DeclareOk exchangeDeclare(String exchange, BuiltinExchangeType type, boolean durable, boolean autoDelete, boolean internal, Map<String, Object> arguments) throws IOException { * return this.exchangeDeclare(exchange, type.getType(), durable, autoDelete, internal, arguments); * } * String exchange 交换机名称 * String type 交换机类型，这里换成枚举类型，方便查找 com.rabbitmq.client.BuiltinExchangeType * DIRECT("direct"), 定向 简单模式 和 工作模式 * FANOUT("fanout"), 扇形 广播（通知给所有和这个交换机绑定的队列） * TOPIC("topic"), 通配符 ？ * HEADERS("headers"); 参数匹配， 视频暂不讲解 * boolean durable 持久化 * boolean autoDelete 自动删除 * boolean internal 内部使用 一般false * Map<String, Object> arguments * * */ String exchangeName = "test_fanout"; channel.exchangeDeclare( exchangeName, BuiltinExchangeType.FANOUT, true, false, false, null ); // 订阅模式案例需要两个队列支持 String queueName1 = "pub&sub - 1"; String queueName2 = "pub&sub - 2"; channel.queueDeclare(queueName1, true, false, false, null); channel.queueDeclare(queueName2, true, false, false, null); /** * 将交换机和队列绑定 * public com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.Queue.BindOk queueBind(String queue, String exchange, String routingKey) throws IOException { * return this.queueBind(queue, exchange, routingKey, (Map)null); * } * String queue 队列名称 * String exchange 交换机名称 * String routingKey 路由键，绑定规则 * 如果是fanout模式， 设置""即可，默认就是给所有队列绑定 * */ channel.queueBind(queueName1, exchangeName, ""); channel.queueBind(queueName2, exchangeName, ""); // 发送消息 for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { String body = "sending sub&pub msg " + i; // 现在反过来， 交换机名字有了， 路由则默认了 channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, "", null, body.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); } // 释放资源 channel.close(); connection.close(); } }
这样每个队列都有10条待送出的消息
创建两个订阅的消费者：
两个消费者接收都是一样的，注意切换队列名字
package cn.dzz.pubSubQueue; import com.rabbitmq.client.*; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; public class PubSubQueueInConsumer1 { /** * 工作队列 消费者 * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{ ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory(); connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.2.121"); connectionFactory.setPort(ConnectionFactory.DEFAULT_AMQP_PORT); // 5672 connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/dzz"); // 虚拟主机？ 默认值 / connectionFactory.setUsername("test"); // guest connectionFactory.setPassword("123456"); // guest Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection(); Channel channel = connection.createChannel(); // 声明将不在需要 // channel.queueDeclare("work_queue", true, false, false, null); // 从生产者复制过来需要的队列名称 String queueName1 = "pub&sub - 1"; String queueName2 = "pub&sub - 2"; Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) { @Override public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException { System.out.println("body(message) " + new String(body, StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); System.out.println("- - - - - over - - - - -"); } }; channel.basicConsume(queueName1, true, consumer); } }
订阅的消费者1和2都能收到同样的消息：
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2021.2.1\lib\idea_rt.jar=58116:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2021.2.1\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\charsets.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\deploy.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-32.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\javaws.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\jce.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\jfr.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\jsse.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\plugin.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\resources.jar;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_291\jre\lib\rt.jar;C:\Users\Administrator\IdeaProjects\RabbitMQ\ConsumerService\target\classes;C:\Users\Administrator\.m2\repository\com\rabbitmq\amqp-client\5.6.0\amqp-client-5.6.0.jar;C:\Users\Administrator\.m2\repository\org\slf4j\slf4j-api\1.7.25\slf4j-api-1.7.25.jar" cn.dzz.pubSubQueue.PubSubQueueInConsumer2 SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder". SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details. body(message) sending sub&pub msg 0 - - - - - over - - - - - body(message) sending sub&pub msg 1 - - - - - over - - - - - body(message) sending sub&pub msg 2 - - - - - over - - - - - body(message) sending sub&pub msg 3 - - - - - over - - - - - body(message) sending sub&pub msg 4 - - - - - over - - - - - body(message) sending sub&pub msg 5 - - - - - over - - - - - body(message) sending sub&pub msg 6 - - - - - over - - - - - body(message) sending sub&pub msg 7 - - - - - over - - - - - body(message) sending sub&pub msg 8 - - - - - over - - - - - body(message) sending sub&pub msg 9 - - - - - over - - - - -
