SpringBoot 2.6 和 JUnit 5 的测试用例注解和排序方式

JUnit5 的测试注解

在JUnit5中, 不再使用 @RunWith 注解, 改为使用 @ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class AccountTest {
    @Resource
    AccountMapper accountMapper;

    @Test
    void test1_list() {
        System.out.println("hello");
        List<AccountDTO> accounts = accountMapper.list(new HashMap<>());
        System.out.println(accounts.size());
    }
}

对比JUnit4的测试注解

在JUnit4中, 使用的测试注解(非SpringBoot)

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"/spring/spring-commons.xml"})
public class IpBlacklistTest {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(IpBlacklistTest.class);
    @Resource(name="sessionTokenDTOService")
    private SessionTokenDTOService sessionTokenDTOService;

    @Test
    public void test() {
        long from = TimeUtil.shiftByHour(new Date(), 48, 0).getTime();
        ResultDTO result = sessionTokenDTOService.resetIpBlackList(from, 100);
        System.out.println(result.getMessage());
    }
}

在SrpingBoot中为

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@FixMethodOrder(MethodSorters.NAME_ASCENDING)
public class RabbitMQTest {
    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RabbitMQTest.class);
    private static final TimeflakeId SFID = new TimeflakeId(100);

    @Resource(name="requestPOService")
    private RequestPOService requestPOService;

    @Autowired
    private SysConfig sysConfig;

    @Test
    public void test1_freeze() {
        EsbEntity<Head, Freeze> request = requestPOService.genPiaFreezRequest(302040, 100);
        requestPOService.send(JacksonUtils.compressObject(request));
    }
}

测试用例的顺序

https://www.baeldung.com/junit-5-test-order

In JUnit 5, we can use @TestMethodOrder to control the execution order of tests.

排序方式有

• Alphanumeric
• OrderAnnotation
• Random
• Custom Order

按方法字符排序

@TestMethodOrder(MethodOrderer.MethodName.class)
public class AlphanumericOrderUnitTest {
    private static StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder("");
    
    @Test
    public void myATest() {
        output.append("A");
    }
    
    @Test
    public void myBTest() {
        output.append("B");        
    }
    
    @Test
    public void myaTest() {
        output.append("a");
    }
 
    @AfterAll
    public static void assertOutput() {
        assertEquals(output.toString(), "ABa");
    }
}

使用 @Order 注解排序

@TestMethodOrder(OrderAnnotation.class)
public class OrderAnnotationUnitTest {
    private static StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder("");
    
    @Test
    @Order(1)
    public void firstTest() {
        output.append("a");
    }
    
    @Test
    @Order(2)
    public void secondTest() {
        output.append("b");
    }
 
    @Test
    @Order(3)
    public void thirdTest() {
        output.append("c");
    }
 
    @AfterAll
    public static void assertOutput() {
        assertEquals(output.toString(), "abc");
    }
}

使用随机排序

使用 MethodOrderer.Random 实现的伪随机排序测试

@TestMethodOrder(MethodOrderer.Random.class)
public class RandomOrderUnitTest {

    private static StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder("");

    @Test
    public void myATest() {
        output.append("A");
    }

    @Test
    public void myBTest() {
        output.append("B");
    }

    @Test
    public void myCTest() {
        output.append("C");
    }

    @AfterAll
    public static void assertOutput() {
        assertEquals(output.toString(), "ACB");
    }
}

使用自定义排序

public class CustomOrder implements MethodOrderer {
    @Override
    public void orderMethods(MethodOrdererContext context) {
        context.getMethodDescriptors().sort(
         (MethodDescriptor m1, MethodDescriptor m2)->
           m1.getMethod().getName().compareToIgnoreCase(m2.getMethod().getName()));
    }
}

@TestMethodOrder(CustomOrder.class)
public class CustomOrderUnitTest {

    // ...
 
    @AfterAll
    public static void assertOutput() {
        assertEquals(output.toString(), "AaB");
    }
}