Crash监控的简单实现方案

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Crash监控的简单实现方案

前言

本文从Java层及Native展开,简单记录Android中的Crash监控方案。

Java层Crash

Java层的crash监控,可以通过实现Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler接口,重写uncaughtException方法来实现,简单示意代码如下:

public class CrashHandler implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {

    private static Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler defaultUncaughtExceptionHandler;

    private static Context mContext;

    private static String mPath;

    public static void init(Context context, String path) {
        mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
        mPath = path;
        defaultUncaughtExceptionHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
        Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(new CrashHandler());
    }


    @Override
    public void uncaughtException(@NonNull Thread thread, @NonNull Throwable throwable) {
        File dir = new File(mContext.getExternalCacheDir(), mPath);
        if (!dir.exists()) {
            dir.mkdirs();
        }
        long l = System.currentTimeMillis();
        File file = new File(dir, l + ".txt");

        try {
            PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(file));
            SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
            pw.println("time: " + sdf.format(new Date()));
            pw.println("thread: " + thread.getName());
            throwable.printStackTrace(pw);
            pw.flush();
            pw.close();
        } catch (Exception ioException) {
            ioException.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (defaultUncaughtExceptionHandler != null) {
                defaultUncaughtExceptionHandler.uncaughtException(thread, throwable);
            }
        }
    }
}

新建一个CrashUtil类,封装CrashHandler

public class CrashUtil {

    //Java层Crash信息保存目录
    public static final String JAVA_CRASH_DIR = "java_crash";

    public static void init(Context context) {

        //初始化Java层CrashHandler
        Context applicationContext = context.getApplicationContext();
        CrashHandler.init(applicationContext, JAVA_CRASH_DIR);

    }

}

在Application的onCreate方法中,初始化CrashHandler

public class AppInit extends Application {

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        CrashUtil.init(this);
    }
}

AndroidManifest中配置Applicationname属性

<application
        android:name=".AppInit"
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <!--省略其它代码-->
    </application>

Native层Crash

Native层crash监控,可以采用Google的BreakPad开源框架。开源地址:https://github.com/google/breakpad

BreakPad需要编译后才能使用。

  1. 新建一个module,专门编译BreakPad。

  2. 要新建的breakpadlib的src/main目录下,新建cpp目录,这个目录名称随意。

  3. 在cpp目录下新建breakpad目录,这个目录名称随意。

  4. 将下载回来的BreakPad代码解压后,将里面的src目录都复制到刚才新建的breakpad目录下。

  5. 在breakpad目录下新建CMakeLists.txt文件,在里面配置如下

    cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)
    
    include_directories(src src/common/android/include)
    
    enable_language(ASM)
    
    add_library(breakpad STATIC
            src/client/linux/crash_generation/crash_generation_client.cc
            src/client/linux/dump_writer_common/thread_info.cc
            src/client/linux/dump_writer_common/ucontext_reader.cc
            src/client/linux/handler/exception_handler.cc
            src/client/linux/handler/minidump_descriptor.cc
            src/client/linux/log/log.cc
            src/client/linux/microdump_writer/microdump_writer.cc
            src/client/linux/minidump_writer/linux_dumper.cc
            src/client/linux/minidump_writer/linux_ptrace_dumper.cc
            src/client/linux/minidump_writer/minidump_writer.cc
            src/client/minidump_file_writer.cc
            src/common/convert_UTF.cc
            src/common/md5.cc
            src/common/string_conversion.cc
            src/common/linux/breakpad_getcontext.S
            src/common/linux/elfutils.cc
            src/common/linux/file_id.cc
            src/common/linux/guid_creator.cc
            src/common/linux/linux_libc_support.cc
            src/common/linux/memory_mapped_file.cc
            src/common/linux/safe_readlink.cc)
    
    target_link_libraries(breakpad log)
    
  6. 在breakpadlib模块的src/main/java/包名/目录下,创建NativeCrash.java文件,在这里声明Native方法,方便其它模块调用

    public class NativeCrash {
    
        static {
            System.loadLibrary("breakpad_lib");
        }
    
        public static void init(String path) {
            initNativeCrash(path);
        }
    
        /**
         * 初始化NativeCrash
         *
         * @param path
         */
        private static native void initNativeCrash(String path);
    
    }
    
  7. 在cpp目录下,新建breakpad_lib.cpp文件,实现native方法,并配置Native层crash的监听

    #include <jni.h>
    #include <android/log.h>
    #include "client/linux/handler/minidump_descriptor.h"
    #include "client/linux/handler/exception_handler.h"
    
    #define TAG "breakpad_lib"
    
    bool DumpCallback(const google_breakpad::MinidumpDescriptor &descriptor,
                      void *context,
                      bool succeeded) {
        __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR, TAG, "native crash:%s", descriptor.path());
        return false;
    }
    
    extern "C"
    JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
    Java_com_wangyz_breadpadlib_NativeCrash_initNativeCrash(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, jstring path_) {
    
        const char *path = env->GetStringUTFChars(path_, 0);
    
        __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, TAG, "initNativeCrash,dmp path:%s", path);
    
        google_breakpad::MinidumpDescriptor descriptor(path);
    
        static google_breakpad::ExceptionHandler eh(descriptor, NULL, DumpCallback, NULL, true, -1);
    
        env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(path_, path);
    
    }
    
  8. 在cpp目录下创建CMakeLists.txt文件

    cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)
    
    include_directories(breakpad/src breakpad/src/common/android/include)
    
    add_library(breakpad_lib SHARED breakpad_lib.cpp)
    
    add_subdirectory(breakpad)
    
    target_link_libraries(breakpad_lib breakpad log)
    
  9. 在breakpadlib的build.gradle文件中配置ndk

    android {
        //...
    
        defaultConfig {
            //...
    
            // 要编译哪些CPU架构
            externalNativeBuild {
                cmake {
                    abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a', 'x86'
                }
            }
    
            // 把哪些CPU架构打包进去
            ndk {
                abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a', 'x86'
            }
        }
    
        externalNativeBuild {
            cmake {
                path 'src/main/cpp/CMakeLists.txt'
            }
        }
    
        //...
    }
    
  10. build这个module,就会生成包含so的aar,可以给其它模块引用,这样就可以为Native层的Crash增加监控。

breakpadlib目录结构如图

breakpadlib目录结构

注意事项

在编译时,一般会报错。这是由于缺少相应的文件导致的。将linux_syscall_support.h文件放到cpp/breakpad/src/third_part/lss目录下,再编译就可以了。

app模块引用breakpad编译出来的aar

将编译出来的aar放到app模块的libs目录下,并配置app的build.gradle文件

android {
    //...

    sourceSets {
        main {
            jniLibs.srcDir(['libs'])
        }
    }

    repositories {
        flatDir {
            dirs 'libs'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    //...

    api(name: 'breadpadlib-release', ext: 'aar')
}

同步工程,然后在前面创建的CrashUtil中增加对Native的Crash的初始化。

public class CrashUtil {

    //Java层Crash信息保存目录
    public static final String JAVA_CRASH_DIR = "java_crash";

    //Native层Crash信息保存目录
    public static final String NATIVE_CRASH_DIR = "native_crash";

    public static void init(Context context) {

        //初始化Java层CrashHandler
        Context applicationContext = context.getApplicationContext();
        CrashHandler.init(applicationContext, JAVA_CRASH_DIR);

        //初始化Native层CrashHandler
        File file = new File(context.getExternalCacheDir(), NATIVE_CRASH_DIR);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            file.mkdirs();
        }
        NativeCrash.init(file.getAbsolutePath());

    }

}

模拟Native层Crash

  1. 新建一个module:crash,用于生成演示Native层Crash所用的so。

  2. 在crash模块下的src/main/java/目录下创建CrashTest.java,声明native方法

    public class CrashTest {
    
        static {
            System.loadLibrary("crash_test");
        }
    
        public static void testCrash() {
            test();
        }
    
        private static native void test();
    }
    
  3. 在crash模块下的src/main/目录下,新建jni目录

  4. 在jni目录下新建cpp目录,在cpp目录下创建crash_test.cpp

    #include <jni.h>
    
    extern "C"
    JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
    Java_com_wangyz_crash_CrashTest_test(JNIEnv* env,jclass clazz) {
        int * i = NULL;
        *i = 0;
    }
    
  5. 生成so

    可以通过ndk-build直接生成so文件。在jni目录下创建Android.mk

    LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
    include $(CLEAR_VARS)
    
    LOCAL_MODULE := crash_test
    LOCAL_SRC_FILES := cpp/crash_test.cpp
    include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
    

    然后在jni的目录下,执行cmd命令ndk-build。如果没有在系统环境变量中配置ndk,一般会报'ndk-build' 不是内部或外部命令,也不是可运行的程序。通过Android Studio下载的ndk,一般在Android Studio配置的SDK目录下。进入SDK目录下的ndk目录,选择一个版本的ndk,将这个路径配置到环境变量中。重新打开CMD窗口,并定位到jni目录下,重新执行ndk-build,就会在jni目录下生成libs和obj目录。

    也可以在crash模块的build.gradle中配置来生成aar

    android {
        //...
    
        defaultConfig {
            //...
    
            // 要编译哪些CPU架构
            externalNativeBuild {
                cmake {
                    abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a', 'x86'
                }
            }
    
            // 把哪些CPU架构打包进去
            ndk {
                abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a', 'x86'
            }
        }
    
        externalNativeBuild {
            cmake {
                path 'src/main/jni/CMakeLists.txt'
            }
        }
        
        //...
    }
    

    在jni目录下创建CMakeLists.txt

    # CMake方式需要在build.grale中配置其它信息,但可以build生成aar
    # 采用Android.mk配置,不需要再额外配置信息
    
    cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)
    
    include_directories(cpp/)
    
    add_library(crash_test SHARED cpp/crash_test.cpp)
    
    target_link_libraries(crash_test)
    

    build后,就可以生成包含so的aar文件

    crash模块的目录结构

    breakpadlib目录结构

  6. 将aar放到app模块的libs目录,并在build.gradle中增加对新加入的aar的引用

    api(name: 'crash-release', ext: 'aar')## 测试Crash
    

测试Crash

Java Crash

在Activity的onCreate中加入以下代码

//模拟java crash
int i = 1 / 0;

打包APK,安装到手机,运行APK,程序Crash。查看/sdcard/Android/data/包名/,发现在java_crash目录,生成了记录crash信息的文件。

Native Crash

在Activity的onCreate中加入以下代码

//模拟native crash
CrashTest.testCrash();

打包APK,安装到手机,运行APK,程序Crash。查看/sdcard/Android/data/包名/,发现在native_crash目录,生成了记录crash信息的文件xxx.dmp。

将dmp文件导出到电脑。然后在Android Studio的安装目录/bin/lldb/bin中,执行CMD命令

minidump_stackwalk D:\15d05b74-5316-4082-cb24cda2-80f355e4.dmp > crash.txt

在当前目录下会生成crash.txt文件

Operating system: Android
                  0.0.0 Linux 4.4.23+ #1 SMP PREEMPT Wed Sep 30 13:40:36 CST 2020 armv7l
CPU: arm
     ARMv1 ARM part(0x4100d0b0) features: half,thumb,fastmult,vfpv2,edsp,neon,vfpv3,tls,vfpv4,idiva,idivt
     8 CPUs

GPU: UNKNOWN

Crash reason:  SIGILL
Crash address: 0xcb13875c
Process uptime: not available

Thread 0 (crashed)
 0  libcrash_test.so + 0x75c
     r0 = 0xed7b1230    r1 = 0xffc18d0c    r2 = 0x00430000    r3 = 0xffc18ec8
     r4 = 0xef0c35f4    r5 = 0x00000000    r6 = 0x00000000    r7 = 0xffc18fc8
     r8 = 0x00000056    r9 = 0xed7cb000   r10 = 0x00000000   r12 = 0xcb13875d
     fp = 0xffc18d74    sp = 0xffc18d00    lr = 0xcb2d3519    pc = 0xcb13875c
    Found by: given as instruction pointer in context
 1  dalvik-LinearAlloc (deleted) + 0xe5f2
     sp = 0xffc18d04    pc = 0xef0c35f4
    Found by: stack scanning
 2  dalvik-main space (region space) (deleted) + 0xc909ce
     sp = 0xffc18d10    pc = 0x138909d0
    Found by: stack scanning
 3  libart.so + 0x3e0931
     sp = 0xffc18d70    pc = 0xeb2a0933
    Found by: stack scanning
 4  base.vdex + 0x1d521f
     sp = 0xffc18d78    pc = 0xcb519221
    Found by: stack scanning

这个文件列出了操作系统、CPU等信息。

breakpadlib目录结构

在ndk目录下,找到ndk\21.0.6113669\toolchains\arm-linux-androideabi-4.9\prebuilt\windows-x86_64\bin\目录,这里的arm-linux-androideabi-4.9具体以手机的CPU架构为准。

执行CMD

arm-linux-androideabi-addr2line.exe -f -C -e D:\libcrash_test.so 0x75c

这里的libcrash_text.so就是发生crash的so文件,0x75c为上面转换出来的crash.txt中发生crash的地址。通过addr2line工具,可以看到发生crash的具体行数。

后记

关于crash监控方案,本文记录得比较浅显的,可以查阅其它更详细的资料。

源码

https://github.com/milovetingting/Samples/tree/master/BreakPad

posted @ 2020-12-10 02:15  milovetingting  阅读(232)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报