NFS 网络文件系统快速部署手册
NFS服务端部署配置
一、安装nfs-utils和rpcbind服务,安装完后检查
# yum install -y nfs-utils rpcbind
# rpm -qa nfs-utils rpcbind
rpcbind-0.2.0-12.el6.x86_64
nfs-utils-1.2.3-70.el6_8.1.x86_64
二、启动rpcbind服务
# /etc/init.d/rpcbind start
Starting rpcbind [ OK ]
# /etc/init.d/rpcbind status
rpcbind (pid 60979) is running...
三、检查rpcbind服务状态
rpcbind 服务运行在tcp/udp的111端口
# lsof -i:111
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
rpcbind 60979 rpc 6u IPv4 300613 0t0 UDP *:sunrpc
rpcbind 60979 rpc 8u IPv4 300616 0t0 TCP *:sunrpc (LISTEN)
rpcbind 60979 rpc 9u IPv6 300618 0t0 UDP *:sunrpc
rpcbind 60979 rpc 11u IPv6 300621 0t0 TCP *:sunrpc (LISTEN)
rpcinfo -p localhost 查看当前的资源池
# rpcinfo -p localhost
program vers proto port service
100000 4 tcp 111 portmapper
100000 3 tcp 111 portmapper
100000 2 tcp 111 portmapper
100000 4 udp 111 portmapper
100000 3 udp 111 portmapper
100000 2 udp 111 portmapper
四、启动nfs服务
Starting NFS services: [ OK ]
Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ]
Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ]
Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ]
Starting RPC idmapd: [ OK ]
五、检查nfs服务状态
# /etc/init.d/nfs status
rpc.svcgssd is stopped
rpc.mountd (pid 61035) is running...
nfsd (pid 61051 61050 61049 61048 61047 61046 61045 61044) is running...
rpc.rquotad (pid 61030) is running...
nfs的主端口号2049
# netstat -nltpu | grep 2049
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2049 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 :::2049 :::* LISTEN -
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2049 0.0.0.0:* -
udp 0 0 :::2049 :::* -
六、配置rpcbind及nfs服务开机自启动
# chkconfig rpcbind on
# chkconfig nfs on
七、配置服务端(/etc/exports 默认该文件为空)
NFS共享的目录 NFS客户端地址(参1, 2......)
实例:(共享目录 /nfs_data)
mkdir /nfs_data
chown -R nfsnobody.nfsnobody /nfs_data
vim /etc/exports
# share /nfs_data by oldboy for bingbing at 20161123
/nfs_data 172.16.10.0/24(rw,sync)
八、重启NFS服务
# /etc/init.d/nfs reload # 平滑重启服务
九、检查配置是否成功
# showmount -e 172.16.10.150
Export list for 172.16.10.150:
/nfs_data 172.16.10.0/24 显示此行表示配置成功
十、查看共享配置参数
# cat /var/lib/nfs/etab
/nfs_data 172.16.10.0/24(rw,sync,wdelay,hide,nocrossmnt,secure,root_squash,no_all_squash,no_subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,
anonuid=65534,anongid=65534,sec=sys,rw,root_squash,no_all_squash)
NFS客户端部署配置
一、安装nfs-utils和rpcbind服务,安装完后检查
# yum install -y nfs-utils rpcbind
# rpm -qa nfs-utils rpcbind
rpcbind-0.2.0-12.el6.x86_64
nfs-utils-1.2.3-70.el6_8.1.x86_64
二、启动rpcbind服务
# /etc/init.d/rpcbind start
Starting rpcbind: [ OK ]
三、检查是否能与nfs-server进行通信,并查看有那些共享目录。
# showmount -e 172.16.10.150
Export list for 172.16.10.150:
/nfs_data 172.16.10.0/24
四、将/nfs_data目录挂载到nfs_test的本地 /mnt目录
# mount -t nfs 172.16.10.150:/nfs_data /mnt
# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 43G 4.9G 36G 13% /
tmpfs 495M 0 495M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 976M 27M 898M 3% /boot
172.16.10.150:/nfs_data 43G 5.7G 35G 15% /mnt
五、在/mnt目录下创建文件,然后到NFS服务端/nfs_data查看是否存在/mnt目录下创建的文件。
# ll /mnt/
-rw-r--r-- 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 4 Nov 23 14:57 files.txt
# ll /nfs_data/
-rw-r--r-- 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 4 Nov 23 14:57 files.txt
六、配置服务器重启自动挂载
方法一:(/etc/rc.local)
# cat /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/sh
#
# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.
# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't
# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
mount -t nfs 172.16.10.150:/nfs_data /mnt
方法二:(/etc/fstab)
172.16.1.31:/nfs_data /mnt nfs defaults 0 0
使用方法二需要开启netfs服务:
chkconfig netfs on