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软件设计22|状态模式（Java）

一、效果如下：

二、类图如下：

三、工程目录如下：

四、代码如下：

ATM.java

  1 package status;
  2 
  3 public class ATM {
  4     // 所有状态
  5     private ATMState readyState;
  6     private ATMState noCashState;
  7     private ATMState noServiceState;
  8 
  9     private ATMState currState;// 当前状态
 10     private int totalAmount;// 账户现钞总数
 11 
 12     // 测试用的临时变量
 13     private String pwd;// 密码
 14     private int balance;// 余额
 15     private int amount;// 取款金额
 16     private int cash;//存款金额
 17 
 18     public ATM(int totalAmount, int balance, int amount, String pwd,int cash) throws Exception {
 19 
 20         // 初始化所有状态
 21         readyState = new ReadyState(this);
 22         noCashState = new NoCashState(this);
 23         setNoServiceState(new NoServiceState(this));
 24 
 25         if (totalAmount > 0) {
 26             currState = readyState;
 27         } else if (totalAmount == 0) {
 28             currState = noCashState;
 29         } else {
 30             throw new Exception();
 31         }
 32 
 33         // 初始化测试数据
 34         this.totalAmount = totalAmount;
 35         this.balance = balance;
 36         this.amount = amount;
 37         this.pwd = pwd;
 38         this.cash=cash;
 39     }
 40 
 41     // 插卡
 42     public void insertCard() {
 43         currState.insertCard();
 44     }
 45 
 46     // 提交密码
 47     public void submitPwd() {
 48         currState.submitPwd();
 49     }
 50 
 51     // 取款
 52     public void getCash() {
 53         currState.getCash();
 54     }
 55 
 56     // 存款
 57     public void setCash(int cash) {
 58         currState.setCash(cash);
 59     }
 60 
 61     // 查询余额
 62     public void queryBalance() {
 63         currState.queryBalance();
 64     }
 65 
 66     // 取卡
 67     public void ejectCard() {
 68         currState.ejectCard();
 69     }
 70 
 71     public String toString() {
 72         return "账户总额￥" + totalAmount;
 73     }
 74 
 75     public String SKT() {
 76         if (totalAmount >= 0) {
 77             return "账户状态为绿色正常状态，既可以存，也可以取款";
 78         }
 79         if (totalAmount >= -1000 && totalAmount < 0) {
 80             return "账户状态为蓝色欠费状态，既可以存，也可以取款";
 81         }
 82         if (totalAmount < -1000) {
 83             return "账户状态为红色透支状态，只能存款";
 84         }
 85         return "";
 86     }
 87 
 88     public String getPwd() {
 89         return pwd;
 90     }
 91 
 92     public int getBalance() {
 93         return balance;
 94     }
 95 
 96     public int getTotalAmount() {
 97         return totalAmount;
 98     }
 99 
100     public int getAmount() {
101         return amount;
102     }
103 
104     public void setTotalAmount(int totalAmount) {
105         this.totalAmount = totalAmount;
106     }
107 
108     public void setBalance(int balance) {
109         this.balance = balance;
110     }
111 
112     public ATMState getNoCashState() {
113         return noCashState;
114     }
115 
116     public void setCurrState(ATMState currState) {
117         this.currState = currState;
118     }
119 
120     public ATMState getNoServiceState() {
121         return noServiceState;
122     }
123 
124     public void setNoServiceState(ATMState noServiceState) {
125         this.noServiceState = noServiceState;
126     }
127 }

ATMState.java

 1 package status;
 2 
 3 public interface ATMState {
 4 
 5     public abstract void insertCard();//插卡
 6 
 7     public abstract void submitPwd();//提交密码
 8 
 9     public abstract void getCash();//取款
10 
11     public abstract void queryBalance();//查询余额
12 
13     public abstract void ejectCard();//取卡
14 
15     public abstract void setCash(int cash);//存款
16 
17 }

Client.java

 1 package status;
 2 
 3 public class Client {
 4 
 5     public static void main(String[] args) {
 6         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 7         try {
 8             test(1000, 500, 200, "ym123", 0);
 9             System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------------");
10             test(1000, 300, 1500, "ym123", 0);
11             System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------------");
12             test(1000, 500, 0, "ym123", 300);
13             System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------------");
14             test(-1500, 500, 200, "ym123", 0);
15 
16         } catch (Exception e) {
17             System.out.println("账户余额小于-1000，账户状态为红色透支状态，请存钱后再取");
18             // System.out.println("机器故障，维修请求已经发送至维修方");
19         }
20     }
21 
22     // 取款
23     private static void test(int totalAmount, int balance, int amount, String pwd, int cash) throws Exception {
24         // 创建ATM
25         ATM atm;
26         atm = new ATM(totalAmount, balance, amount, pwd, cash);
27         // 输出初始状态
28         System.out.println(atm.toString());
29         System.out.println(atm.SKT());
30         atm.insertCard();
31         atm.submitPwd();
32         if (cash == 0) {
33             atm.getCash();
34         } else {
35             atm.setCash(cash);
36         }
37         // 输出结束状态
38         System.out.println(atm.toString());
39     }
40 
41 }

NoCashState.java

 1 package status;
 2 
 3 public class NoCashState implements ATMState {
 4 
 5     private ATM atm;// 保留状态持有者的引用，以便对其进行操作
 6 
 7     public NoCashState(ATM atm) {
 8         this.atm = atm;
 9     }
10 
11     @Override
12     public void insertCard() {
13         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
14         System.out.println("插卡完成");
15     }
16 
17     @Override
18     public void submitPwd() {
19         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
20         System.out.println("密码提交完成");
21         // 验证密码并做相应处理
22         if ("ym123".equals(atm.getPwd())) {
23             System.out.println("密码验证通过");
24         } else {
25             System.out.println("密码验证失败");
26             ejectCard();
27         }
28     }
29 
30     @Override
31     public void getCash() {
32         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
33         System.out.println("取款失败，机内无钞");
34     }
35 
36     @Override
37     public void queryBalance() {
38         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
39         System.out.println("账户余额￥" + atm.getBalance());
40         System.out.println("账户余额查询完成");
41     }
42 
43     @Override
44     public void ejectCard() {
45         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
46         System.out.println("取卡完成");
47     }
48 
49     @Override
50     public void setCash(int cash) {
51         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
52 
53     }
54 
55 }

NoServiceState.java

 1 package status;
 2 
 3 /**
 4  * 机器故障
 5  * 
 6  * @author Administrator
 7  *
 8  */
 9 public class NoServiceState implements ATMState {
10 
11     private ATM atm;// 保留状态持有者的引用，以便对其进行操作
12 
13     public NoServiceState(ATM atm) {
14         this.setAtm(atm);
15     }
16 
17     @Override
18     public void insertCard() {
19         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
20         System.out.println("插卡失败，机器发生了故障");
21     }
22 
23     @Override
24     public void submitPwd() {
25         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
26         System.out.println("密码提交失败，机器发生了故障");
27     }
28 
29     @Override
30     public void getCash() {
31         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
32         System.out.println("取款失败，机器发生了故障");
33     }
34 
35     @Override
36     public void queryBalance() {
37         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
38         System.out.println("余额查询失败，机器发生了故障");
39     }
40 
41     @Override
42     public void ejectCard() {
43         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
44         System.out.println("取卡失败，机器发生了故障");
45     }
46 
47     @Override
48     public void setCash(int cash) {
49         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
50         System.out.println("存款失败，机器发生了故障");
51     }
52 
53     public ATM getAtm() {
54         return atm;
55     }
56 
57     public void setAtm(ATM atm) {
58         this.atm = atm;
59     }
60 
61 }

ReadyState.java

 1 package status;
 2 
 3 public class ReadyState implements ATMState {
 4 
 5     private ATM atm;// 保留状态持有者的引用，以便对其进行操作
 6 
 7     public ReadyState(ATM atm) {
 8         this.atm = atm;
 9     }
10 
11     @Override
12     public void insertCard() {
13         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
14         System.out.println("插卡完成");
15     }
16 
17     @Override
18     public void submitPwd() {
19         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
20         System.out.println("密码提交完成");
21         // 验证密码并做相应处理
22         if ("ym123".equals(atm.getPwd())) {
23             System.out.println("密码验证通过");
24         } else {
25             System.out.println("密码验证失败");
26             ejectCard();
27         }
28     }
29 
30     @Override
31     public void getCash() {
32         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
33         if (atm.getTotalAmount() != 9999) {
34             // 更新账户余额
35             atm.setBalance(atm.getBalance() - atm.getAmount());
36             // 更新机内现钞总数
37             atm.setTotalAmount(atm.getTotalAmount() - atm.getAmount());
38             System.out.println("吐出￥" + atm.getAmount());
39             System.out.println("取款完成");
40             // 弹出卡片
41             ejectCard();
42             // 检查机内余钞
43             if (atm.getTotalAmount() == 0) {// 若无钞，切换到NoService状态
44                 atm.setCurrState(atm.getNoCashState());
45                 System.out.println("无钞信息已经发送至银行");
46             }
47         } else {
48             System.out.println("取款失败，余额不足");
49             // 弹出卡片
50             ejectCard();
51         }
52     }
53 
54     @Override
55     public void queryBalance() {
56         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
57         System.out.println("余额￥" + atm.getBalance());
58         System.out.println("余额查询完成");
59     }
60 
61     @Override
62     public void ejectCard() {
63         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
64         System.out.println("取卡完成");
65     }
66 
67     @Override
68     public void setCash(int cash) {
69         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
70         // 更新账户余额
71         atm.setBalance(atm.getBalance() + cash);
72         // 更新机内现钞总数
73         atm.setTotalAmount(atm.getTotalAmount() + cash);
74         System.out.println("存款完成");
75         // 弹出卡片
76         ejectCard();
77     }
78 
79 }

参考链接：银行账户(设计模式--状态模式)

posted on 2021-11-26 21:22  一缕半夏微光  阅读(44)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报