一、os模块
import os
# os.rename(old,new)#重命名
# os.remove(f)#删除文件
# os.mkdir('china/beijing') #创建文件夹
# os.makedirs('china/beijing') #父目录不存在的时候会帮你创建
# os.removedirs('china')#只能删除空文件夹
# print(os.listdir())#显示该目录下面的所有文件和文件夹
# print(os.path.isdir('china1'))#判断是否是文件夹
# print(os.path.isfile('china'))#判断是否是文件
# print(os.path.exists('china'))#判断文件或者文件夹是否存在
# res = os.system('ipconfig')#执行操作系统命令 ls]
# print('res...',res)
# res = os.popen('ipconfig').read()#用来执行操作系统命令
# print(res)
# print(os.path.join('china','beijing','haidian','changping','a.py'))#拼路径
res = os.path.split(r'china\beijing\haidian\changping\a.py')#用来分割文件名和路径
# print(res)
res = os.path.dirname(r'china\beijing\haidian\changping\a.py')#取父目录
print(res)
print(os.path.getsize('笔记.txt'))#单位是字节
print(os.getcwd())#取当前的目录
print(os.chdir(r'C:\Users\nhy\PycharmProjects\jnz\day5'))#进入到哪个目录下
print(os.getcwd())#取当前的目录
#分别用他们2个创建一个2层的牡蛎
# china/beijing
# 统计e盘下面有多个python文件
# res = os.walk(r'china')
# count = 0
# for cur_path,dirs,files in res:
# print(cur_path)
# #china/a.py
# for f in files:
# if f.endswith('.py'):
# # count+=1
# os.remove(os.path.join(cur_path,f))
# print(count)
#
#
# def find_file(path,keyword):
# #查找文件的
# res = os.walk(path)
# for cur_path, dirs, files in res:
# for file_name in files:
# if keyword in file_name:
# print('该文件在 %s下面' %cur_path)
#
#e:\\xxx"\xxx
#/user/loal/xxx
二、time模块
#和时间相关的操作
import time
# time.sleep(30)
# 格式化好的时间 20180915 14：08:53
# 时间戳 从计算机诞生那天到现在过了多少秒
# res = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') #取当前的格式化日期
res = time.time()#获取当前的时间戳
#时间元组
#先把格式化好的时间转成时间元组
#1992-01-02
# time_tuple = time.strptime('2038-08-29 19:23:59','%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')#把格式化好的时间转成时间元组
# print(time.mktime(time_tuple))
def str_to_timestamp(time_str=None,format='%Y%m%d%H%M%S'):
#格式化好的时间转时间戳的
#不传参数的话返回当前的时间戳
if time_str:
time_tuple = time.strptime(time_str, format) # 把格式化好的时间转成时间元组
timestamp = time.mktime(time_tuple)
else:
timestamp = time.time()
return int(timestamp)
# print(str_to_timestamp())
# print(str_to_timestamp('20391123175123'))
# print(str_to_timestamp('2013-08-09','%Y-%m-%d'))
#时间戳转格式化好的时间
#先把时间戳转成时间元组
# res = time.gmtime(time.time())#是把时间戳转时间元组的，标准时区
res = time.localtime(time.time())#是把时间戳转时间元组的，当前时区
res2 = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',res)
print(res2)
def timestamp_to_strtime(timestamp=None,format='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'):
#这个函数是用来把时间戳转成格式化好的时间
#如果不传时间戳的话，那么就返回当前的时间
if timestamp:
time_tuple = time.localtime(timestamp)
str_time = time.strftime(format,time_tuple)
else:
str_time = time.strftime(format)
return str_time
#用当前的时间戳+50年的秒数，时间戳转成格式化好的时间
five = str_to_timestamp() - (50*365*24*60*60)
res = timestamp_to_strtime(five)
print('50年后的时间是',res)
三、加密的模块
# 8a10818ac51be3681d5f915041c90092
import hashlib
# import md5 #这个是python2里面的
password='123123'
# print(password.encode())#转成二进制类型的才可以加密
m = hashlib.md5(password.encode())
# m = hashlib.sha1(password.encode())
# m = hashlib.sha224(password.encode())
# m = hashlib.sha256(password.encode())
# print(dir(m))
print(m.hexdigest())
#md5加密之后是不可逆
#撞库
# 123456 4297f44b13955235245b2497399d7a93
# 345678 4297f44b13955235245b2497399d7a93
# 123123 4297f44b13955235245b2497399d7a93
# 123123
#123456+34few45834@$
def my_md5(s:str,salt=None):
#salt是盐值
s = str(s)
if salt:
s = s+salt
m = hashlib.md5(s.encode())
return m.hexdigest()
#加盐
#34few45834@$
四、第三方模块
# pip install xpinyin
# import xpinyin
# s = xpinyin.Pinyin()
# pinyin = s.get_pinyin('倪菊芳','')
# print(pinyin)
#1、ip
host='118.24.3.40'
user='jxz'
password='123456' #密码只能是字符串
db='jxz'
port=3306#端口号只能写int类型
charset='utf8'#只能写utf8，不能写utf-8
import pymysql
conn = pymysql.connect(host=host,password=password,
user=user,db=db,port=port,
charset=charset,autocommit=True
)#建立连接
cur= conn.cursor() #建立游标
# cur.execute()#只是帮你执行sql语句
# print(cur.fetchall())#获取数据库里面的所有的结果
# print('fetchone',cur.fetchone())
# sql='insert into app_myuser (username,passwd,is_admin) VALUE ("python123456","123456",1);'
sql='select * from app_myuser limit 5;'
cur.execute(sql)
print(cur.description)#获取这个表里面的所有字段信息
# conn.commit()#提交
cur.close()
conn.close()
def my_db(ip,user,password,db,sql,port=3306,charset='utf8'):
conn = pymysql.connect(
host=ip,user=user,password=password,
db=db,
port=port,charset=charset,autocommit=True
)
cur = conn.cursor()
cur.execute(sql)
res = cur.fetchall()
cur.close()
conn.close()
return res
def my_db2(sql):
conn = pymysql.connect(
host='118.24.3.40',user='jxz',password='123456',
db='jxz',
port=3306,charset='utf8',autocommit=True
)
pass
五、excel操作
1、写excel
import xlwt
import xlrd
import xlutils
#写Excel
book = xlwt.Workbook()
sheet = book.add_sheet('sheet1')
# sheet.write(0,0,'id')#指定行和lie写内容
# sheet.write(0,1,'username')
# sheet.write(0,2,'password')
#
# sheet.write(1,0,'1')
# sheet.write(1,1,'niuhanyang')
# sheet.write(1,2,'123456')
#
stus = [
[1,'njf','1234'],
[2,'xiaojun','1234'],
[3,'hailong','1234'],
[4,'xiaohei','1234'],
[4,'xiaohei','1234'],
[4,'xiaohei','1234'],
[4,'xiaohei','1234'],
[4,'xiaohei','1234'],
[4,'xiaohei','1234'],
]
line = 0 #控制的是行
for stu in stus:#行
#stu [1,'njf','1234']
col = 0
for s in stu:
#0 0 1
#0 1 njf
#0 2 1234
# 1 0 2
# 1 1 xiaojun
# 1 2 1234
sheet.write(line,col,s)
col+=1
line+=1
book.save('stu.xls')# .xlsx
2、读excel
import xlrd
book = xlrd.open_workbook('stu.xls')
sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0)
# sheet = book.sheet_by_name('sheet1')
print(sheet.nrows) #excel里面有多少行
print(sheet.ncols) #excel里面有多少列
print(sheet.cell(0,0).value) #获取到指定单元格的内容
print(sheet.cell(0,1).value) #获取到指定单元格的内容
print(sheet.row_values(0))#获取到整行的内容
# print(sheet.col_values(0))#获取到整列的内容
for i in range(sheet.nrows):#循环获取每行的内容
print(sheet.row_values(i))
3、修改excel
import xlrd
# from xlutils import copy
# book = xlrd.open_workbook('stu.xls')
# #先用xlrd打开一个Excel
# new_book = copy.copy(book)
# #然后用xlutils里面的copy功能，复制一个Excel
# sheet = new_book.get_sheet(0)#获取sheet页
# sheet.write(0,1,'倪菊芳')
# sheet.write(1,1,'白小军')
# new_book.save('stu.xls')
d = {'喝一瓶': 30, '喝3瓶': 50, '不喝': 1, '买单': 19}
def choice(d):
print('喝一瓶...')
choice(d)
def export_excel(table_name):
pass
#user.xls
