django实现文件上传、删除、下载

django文件上传

定义一个包含FileFiled的类ModelWithFileField，其中upload字段的upload_to参数表示上传的文件存放在什么地方

class ModelWithFileField(models.Model):
    filename = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name="文件名称")
    upload_date = models.DateField(verbose_name='上传日期')
    upload = models.FileField(upload_to='UPLOADFILES/')
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/dingrutao/article/details/116302190

定义一个form用于上传文件，form字段为FileField

class UploadFileForm(forms.Form):
    file = forms.FileField(label="选择文件")

定义一个view上传文件视图，首先实例form，返还给页面，选择一个文件，如果form判断有效则实例一个ModelWithFileField，分别保持文件和数据库

def upload_file(request):

    if request.method == "POST":
        form = UploadFileForm(request.POST, request.FILES)

        if form.is_valid():
            #获取form上传的文件
            filename = request.FILES['file'].name
            #实例化文件类
            insintanse = ModelWithFileField(upload=request.FILES['file'],filename=filename,upload_date=datetime.date.today())
            insintanse.save()


            return HttpResponse("ok")
        else:
            return render(request, "upload.html", {"form": form})
    else:
        form = UploadFileForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
    return render(request, "upload.html", {"form":form})

在urls中注册各个url

urlpatterns = [
    path('index/', views.index, name='index'),
    path("upload/", views.upload_file, name='文件上传'),
    path("delete/<int:id>", views.delete_file, name='文件删除'),
    path("download/<int:id>", views.download_file, name="下载文件")
]

文件预览

定义预览视图

def index(request):
#查询所有结果
    files = ModelWithFileField.objects.all()

    return render(request, "index.html",{
        'files':files
    })

文件删除和下载

删除视图和下载视图，通过传入id来查找文件

def delete_file(request, id):
#通过id查找到文件，删除存储文件及数据库中记录
    fileid = ModelWithFileField.objects.get(id=id)

    filepath = fileid.upload.file.name
    os.remove(filepath)
    fileid.delete()
    return HttpResponseRedirect('/loadfile/index/')


def download_file(request, id):
    filepath = ModelWithFileField.objects.get(id=id).upload.file.name
    filename = filepath.split("/")[-1]
    file = open(filepath, 'rb')
    response = FileResponse(file)
    response['Content-Type'] = 'application/octet-stream'
    response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment;filename="{}"'.format(filename)
    return response

通过两个按钮实现文件删除，下载

<input type="button" value="删除" onclick="delete_file({{ file.id }})">
    <input type="button" value="下载" onclick="download_file({{ file.id }})">
    <script>
        function delete_file(id) {
            var r = confirm("是否删除")
            if (r == true){
                alert("已删除")
                location.href = '/loadfile/delete/' + id
            }
            else {

            }
        }

        function download_file(id) {
            location.href = '/loadfile/download/' + id
        }
    </script>