linux下硬盘分区和格式化

查看硬盘

• lsblk

$ lsblk 
sda       8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk 
├─sda1    8:1    0   499M  0 part 
├─sda2    8:2    0   100M  0 part 
├─sda3    8:3    0    16M  0 part 
├─sda4    8:4    0 118.8G  0 part 
├─sda5    8:5    0   595M  0 part 
├─sda6    8:6    0   200G  0 part 
├─sda7    8:7    0   200G  0 part 
└─sda8    8:8    0 411.5G  0 part 
nvme0n1 259:0    0 465.8G  0 disk

• fdisk

$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 465.78 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors
Disk model: KIOXIA-EXCERIA PLUS G2 SSD              
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

硬盘分区

$ sudo fdisk /dev/nvme0n1

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.34).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xdb428e98.

Command (m for help): m

Help:

  DOS (MBR)
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit nested BSD disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag

  Generic
   d   delete a partition
   F   list free unpartitioned space
   l   list known partition types
   n   add a new partition
   p   print the partition table
   t   change a partition type
   v   verify the partition table
   i   print information about a partition

  Misc
   m   print this menu
   u   change display/entry units
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

  Script
   I   load disk layout from sfdisk script file
   O   dump disk layout to sfdisk script file

  Save & Exit
   w   write table to disk and exit
   q   quit without saving changes

  Create a new label
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   s   create a new empty Sun partition table


Command (m for help):

格式化分区

$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n1p5
mke2fs 1.45.5 (07-Jan-2020)
Discarding device blocks: done                            
Creating filesystem with 43306240 4k blocks and 10829824 inodes
Filesystem UUID: ff01dd54-a623-49b4-8e7a-d1acf109e9d0
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
	4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (262144 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

挂载分区

$ mkdir /home/xxx/ssd_home
$ sudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p5 /home/xxx/ssd_home

修改文件/etc/fstab可实现自动挂载