C/C++链栈操作源代码

链栈结构

1.头文件与宏定义

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define STACKMAX 100

2.链栈结构

//链栈的存储结构
typedef struct stacknode
{
    int data;
    struct stacknode *next;
}Stacknode;
//指向栈的指针
typedef struct
{
    Stacknode *top;
}linkStack;

3.进栈

//进栈
void Push(linkStack &s,int x)
{
    Stacknode *p;
    p = new Stacknode;      //开辟空间
    p->data = x;            //构造结点
    p->next = s.top;        //入栈
    s.top = p;              //修改栈顶指针
}

4.出栈

//出栈操作
void Pop(linkStack &s,int &x)        //特别重要，这里的x要给它分配空间，要不然每次代码运行会释放掉，就丢失了想要的数据，这个地方我先前没注意，代码一直出错。
{
    Stacknode * p;
    if(s.top != NULL)       //栈不为空
    {
        p = s.top;
        x = p->data;
        s.top = p->next;
        delete p;
    }
    else
        printf("\n\t\t栈为空！");   //栈空
}

5.显示栈内容

//显示栈内容
void show_stack(linkStack s)
{
    Stacknode *p;
    p = s.top;
    if(p == NULL)
        printf("\n\t\t栈为空！");
    else
    {
        printf("\n\t\t栈元素为：");
        while(p != NULL)
        {
            printf("%6d",p->data);
            p = p->next;
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
}

6.进制转换

//十进制转换二进制
void change_two_ten(int n)
{
    linkStack s;
    int x;
    s.top = NULL;   //置栈空
    do
    {
        x = n%2;        //取余数
        n = n/2;        //取新的商
        Push(s,x);

    }while(n);
    printf("\n\t\t转换后二进制数值为：");
    while(s.top != NULL)
    {
        Pop(s,x);
        printf("%d",x);
    }
    printf("\n");
}

7.将中缀表达式转换成后缀表达式（逆波兰式）

//求逆波兰式
void Suffix()
{
    char str[STACKMAX];         //存储算术表达式
    char stacks[STACKMAX];      //运算符号栈
    char exp[STACKMAX];
    char ch;
    int sum,i,j,t,top = 0;
    printf("\n\t\t输入算术表达式，以‘#’结束：\n\t\t");
    fflush(stdin);
    i = 0;
    do
    {
        i++;
        scanf("%c",&str[i]);
    }while(str[i] != '#' && i != STACKMAX);
    sum = i;
    t = 1;
    i = 1;
    ch = str[i];
    i++;
    while(ch != '#')
    {
        switch(ch)
        {
            case '(':
                top++;
                stacks[top] = ch;
                break;
            case ')':
                while(stacks[top] != '(')
                {
                    exp[t++] = stacks[top--];
                    exp[t++] = ',';
                }
                top--;
                break;
            case '+':
            case '-':
                while(top != 0 && stacks[top] != '(')
                {
                    exp[t++] = stacks[top--];
                    exp[t++] = ',';
                }
                stacks[++top] = ch;
                break;
            case '*':
            case '/':
                 while(stacks[top] == '*' || stacks[top] == '/')
                {
                    exp[t++] = stacks[top--];
                    exp[t++] = ',';
                }
                stacks[++top] = ch;
                break;
            case ' ':
                break;
            default:
                while(ch >= '0'&&ch <= 'z')         //输入必须是10以内整数或字母变量
                {
                    exp[t++] = ch;
                    ch = str[i++];
                }
                i--;
                exp[t++] = ',';
        }
        ch = str[i++];
    }
    while(top!=0)
    {
        exp[t++] = stacks[top--];
        if(top != 0)
            exp[t++] = ',';
    }
    printf("\n\t\t输入的中缀表达式为：");
    for(j=1;j<sum;j++)
        printf("%c",str[j]);
    printf("\n\t\t输入的后缀表达式为：");
    for(j=1;j<t;j++)
        printf("%c",exp[j]);
    printf("\n");
}

8.main函数

void main()
{
    linkStack s;
    int i = 1,j = 1,val,n;
    char choice;
    s.top = NULL;
    while(1)
    {
        printf("\n");
        printf("\n\t\t***************************************************");
        printf("\n\t\t*                     栈子系统                    *");
        printf("\n\t\t***************************************************");
        printf("\n\t\t*                 1------进  表                   *");
        printf("\n\t\t*                 2------出  栈                   *");
        printf("\n\t\t*                 3------显  示                   *");
        printf("\n\t\t*                 4------数制转换                 *");
        printf("\n\t\t*                 5------逆波兰式                 *");
        printf("\n\t\t*                 0------退出程序                 *");
        printf("\n\t\t***************************************************");
        printf("\n\t\t请选择菜单号：");
        fflush(stdin);
        choice = getchar();
        switch(choice)
        {
            case '1':
                while(1)
                {
                    printf("\n\t\t键入一个整数并按回车：");
                    scanf("%d",&val);
                    if(val != 0)
                        Push(s,val);
                    else
                        break;
                }
                break;
            case '2':
                    if(s.top != NULL)
                    {
                        Pop(s,val);
                        printf("\n\t\t出栈元素为：%6d\n",val);
                    }

                    else
                        printf("\n\t\t栈为空，无法出栈！");
                    break;
            case '3':
                    show_stack(s);
                    break;

            case '4':
                    printf("\n\t\t请输入一个十进制正整数：");
                    scanf("%d",&n);
                    change_two_ten(n);
                    break;

            case '5':
                    Suffix();
                    break;
            case 0:
                    exit(0);
            default:
                printf("\n\t\t输入错误！请重新输入！");
                break;
        }
    }
}