c#二(三)分查找的两种方式

其实;两种方式的实现结果一样,却体现出了不同的思考过程;

地中方式,是在一个while循环中,每次从中间找,不断的去改变low 和 high的 位置,然后求他们的中间位置,知道low=high=0;如果还没有知道值,就直接返回-1;

        /// <summary>
        ///  二分查找方式
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="arr"></param>
        /// <param name="target"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static int BinaySearch(int[] arr, int target)
        {
            int len = arr.Length;
            int low = 0;
            int high = len - 1;
            //一个while循环就搞定了;
            while (low <= high)
            {
                int middleIndex = (low + high) / 2;
                int middleValue = arr[middleIndex];
                if (middleValue == target)
                {
                    return middleIndex;
                }
                else if (target > middleValue)
                {
                    //searching in right;
                    low = middleIndex + 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    //searching in left;
                    high = middleIndex - 1;
                }
            }
            //没有找到直接就return
            return -1;
        }

然后,是利用我们递归的方式来实现的;如果没有找到,子改变地址,然后recursionly的去searching

        /// <summary>
        ///  这样我们的二分查找的递归方式就出来了;
        ///  这个方式是我们用递归的方式来实现的;
        ///  不同的代码实现过程,体现了你不同的思考过程;
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="arr"></param>
        /// <param name="low"></param>
        /// <param name="high"></param>
        /// <param name="target"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static int RecursionlyBinaySearch(int[] arr, int low, int high, int target)
        {
            int l = low;
            int h = high;
            if (l > h)
                return -1;
            int middleIndex = (l + h) / 2;
            int middleValue = arr[middleIndex];
            if (middleValue == target)
            {
                //stop finding;
                return middleIndex;
            }
            else if (target > middleValue)
            {
                // finding in right;
                return RecursionlyBinaySearch(arr, middleIndex + 1, high, target);
            }
            else
            {
                //finding in left;
                return RecursionlyBinaySearch(arr, l, middleIndex - 1, target);
            }

        }

本来,想整一个第三种方式出来的;。。。。。。。。。。。只是本来;

第一种做法,有一个bug,你发现了吗????而且!!!非常不明显;

详细的,请看这里;

https://research.googleblog.com/2006/06/extra-extra-read-all-about-it-nearly.html

这里还有更详细的介绍:

https://www.quora.com/Why-do-people-use-mid-low+-high-low-2-instead-of-low+high-2

 

ps:有我们的二分查找,当然就有我们的三分查找,四分,等等;如果再分的更细;就形成了我们一个个的查找,这样的意义并不带,因为,我们内部的查找是串行的,如果能够找到内部的查找是并行的;

那么;这样查找的意义才比较大;

 

总之,要做好区间的分割;同样的,我给出;两种实现方式;

第一种简单的while实现;

        /// <summary>
        ///  这个怎么去分呢???
        ///  分成了三个区间;
        ///  就是一个不断划分区间,然后进行查找的问题;
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="arr"></param>
        /// <param name="target"></param>
        public static int ArrayTernarySearch1(int[] arr, int target)
        {
            //开始;
            int len = arr.Length;
            int low = 0;
            int high = len - 1;

            while (low <= high)
            {
                //计算中间位置;
                int middle1Index = low + (high - low) / 3;
                int middle2Index = high - (high - low) / 3;
                //中间值;
                int middle1Vaule = arr[middle1Index];
                int middle2Vaule = arr[middle2Index];

                if (target <= middle1Vaule)  //做好区间分割;
                {
                    if (target == middle1Vaule)
                    {
                        return middle1Index;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        high = middle1Vaule - 1;
                    }
                }
                else if (middle1Vaule < target && target <= middle2Vaule) //做好区间分割;
                {
                    if (target == middle2Vaule)
                    {
                        return middle2Index;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        low = middle1Index + 1;
                        high = middle2Index - 1;
                    }

                }
                else if (target > middle2Vaule) //做好区间分割;
                {
                    low = middle2Index + 1;
                }

            }

            return -1;
        }

第二种递归实现;

        /// <summary>
        /// 递归实现;
        /// 加油,我们把这段时间,给熬过去;窝草你尼玛的比;
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="arr"></param>
        /// <param name="low"></param>
        /// <param name="high"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static int RecursionTernarySearch(int [] arr,int low,int high,int target)
        {

            if (low > high)
                return -1;

            int l = low;
            int h = high;

            if(l <= h)
            {
                int m1 = l + (h - l) / 3;
                int m2 = h - (h - l) / 3;

                int m1Value = arr[m1];
                int m2Value = arr[m2];

                if (m1Value == target)
                {
                    return m1;
                }
                if (m2Value == target)
                {
                    return m2;
                }

                //区间划分; 
                if (target < m1Value)
                {
                    RecursionTernarySearch(arr, low, m1 - 1, target);

                }
                else if (m1Value < target && target < m2Value)
                {
                    RecursionTernarySearch(arr, m1 + 1, m2 - 1, target);
                }
                else
                {
                    RecursionTernarySearch(arr, m2 + 1, high, target);
                }

            }

            return -1;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 这种方式的思路要清晰一些;
        /// 非常不错,我们一次性就成功的写正确的代码;
        /// 效果非常好;
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="arr"></param>
        /// <param name="target"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static int TernarySearch(int [] arr,int target)
        {
            int len = arr.Length;
            if (len < 0)
                return -1;
           int index=RecursionTernarySearch(arr, 0, len - 1,target);
            return index;
        }

 

当然,还有我们的四分;和五分。。。。但这样分下去,就没有多大的意义;

 

posted @ 2018-01-16 17:06  咕-咚  阅读(392)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报