ios 数据存储
转自 http://blog.csdn.net/liuhongwei123888/article/details/6841338
转自 http://blog.csdn.net/totogogo/article/details/7473851
ios数据存储包括以下几种存储机制:
属性列表
对象归档
SQLite3
CoreData
AppSettings
普通文件存储
1、属性列表
- //
- // Persistence1ViewController.h
- // Persistence1
- //
- // Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3.
- // Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
- #define kFilename @"data.plist"
- @interface Persistence1ViewController : UIViewController {
- UITextField *filed1;
- UITextField *field2;
- UITextField *field3;
- UITextField *field4;
- }
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field1;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field2;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field3;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field4;
- - (NSString *)dataFilePath;
- - (void)applicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification *)notification;
- @end
- //
- // Persistence1ViewController.m
- // Persistence1
- //
- // Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3.
- // Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import "Persistence1ViewController.h"
- @implementation Persistence1ViewController
- @synthesize field1;
- @synthesize field2;
- @synthesize field3;
- @synthesize field4;
- //数据文件的完整路径
- - (NSString *)dataFilePath {
- //检索Documents目录路径。第二个参数表示将搜索限制在我们的应用程序沙盒中
- NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
- //每个应用程序只有一个Documents目录
- NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
- //创建文件名
- return [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:kFilename];
- }
- //应用程序退出时,将数据保存到属性列表文件
- - (void)applicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification *)notification {
- NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
- [array addObject: field1.text];
- [array addObject: field2.text];
- [array addObject: field3.text];
- [array addObject: field4.text];
- [array writeToFile:[self dataFilePath] atomically:YES];
- [array release];
- }
- /*
- // The designated initializer. Override to perform setup that is required before the view is loaded.
- - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil {
- self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
- if (self) {
- // Custom initialization
- }
- return self;
- }
- */
- /*
- // Implement loadView to create a view hierarchy programmatically, without using a nib.
- - (void)loadView {
- }
- */
- // Implement viewDidLoad to do additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
- - (void)viewDidLoad {
- [super viewDidLoad];
- NSString *filePath = [self dataFilePath];
- //检查数据文件是否存在
- if([[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:filePath]) {
- NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:filePath];
- field1.text = [array objectAtIndex:0];
- field2.text = [array objectAtIndex:1];
- field3.text = [array objectAtIndex:2];
- field4.text = [array objectAtIndex:3];
- [array release];
- }
- UIApplication *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication];
- [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
- selector:@selector(applicationWillResignActive:)
- name:UIApplicationWillResignActiveNotification
- object:app];
- [super viewDidLoad];
- }
- /*
- // Override to allow orientations other than the default portrait orientation.
- - (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation {
- // Return YES for supported orientations
- return (interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait);
- }
- */
- - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
- // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview.
- [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
- // Release any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use.
- }
- - (void)viewDidUnload {
- self.field1 = nil;
- self.field2 = nil;
- self.field3 = nil;
- self.field4 = nil;
- [super viewDidUnload];
- }
- - (void)dealloc {
- [field1 release];
- [field2 release];
- [field3 release];
- [field4 release];
- [super dealloc];
- }
- @end
===================================================================================
===================================================================================
2、对象归档
- //
- // Fourlines.h
- // Persistence2
- //
- // Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3.
- // Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
- @interface Fourlines : NSObject <NSCoding, NSCopying> {
- NSString *field1;
- NSString *field2;
- NSString *field3;
- NSString *field4;
- }
- @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *field1;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *field2;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *field3;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *field4;
- @end
- //
- // Fourlines.m
- // Persistence2
- //
- // Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3.
- // Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import "Fourlines.h"
- #define kField1Key @"Field1"
- #define kField2Key @"Field2"
- #define kField3Key @"Field3"
- #define kField4Key @"Field4"
- @implementation Fourlines
- @synthesize field1;
- @synthesize field2;
- @synthesize field3;
- @synthesize field4;
- #pragma mark NSCoding
- - (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder {
- [aCoder encodeObject:field1 forKey:kField1Key];
- [aCoder encodeObject:field2 forKey:kField2Key];
- [aCoder encodeObject:field3 forKey:kField3Key];
- [aCoder encodeObject:field4 forKey:kField4Key];
- }
- -(id) initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder {
- if(self = [super init]) {
- field1 = [[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kField1Key] retain];
- field2 = [[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kField2Key] retain];
- field3 = [[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kField3Key] retain];
- field4 = [[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kField4Key] retain];
- }
- return self;
- }
- #pragma mark -
- #pragma mark NSCopying
- - (id) copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone {
- Fourlines *copy = [[[self class] allocWithZone: zone] init];
- copy.field1 = [[self.field1 copyWithZone: zone] autorelease];
- copy.field2 = [[self.field2 copyWithZone: zone] autorelease];
- copy.field3 = [[self.field3 copyWithZone: zone] autorelease];
- copy.field4 = [[self.field4 copyWithZone: zone] autorelease];
- return copy;
- }
- @end
- //
- // Persistence2ViewController.h
- // Persistence2
- //
- // Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3.
- // Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
- #define kFilename @"archive"
- #define kDataKey @"Data"
- @interface Persistence2ViewController : UIViewController {
- UITextField *filed1;
- UITextField *field2;
- UITextField *field3;
- UITextField *field4;
- }
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field1;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field2;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field3;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field4;
- - (NSString *)dataFilePath;
- - (void)applicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification *)notification;
- @end
- //
- // Persistence2ViewController.m
- // Persistence2
- //
- // Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3.
- // Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import "Persistence2ViewController.h"
- #import "Fourlines.h"
- @implementation Persistence2ViewController
- @synthesize field1;
- @synthesize field2;
- @synthesize field3;
- @synthesize field4;
- //数据文件的完整路径
- - (NSString *)dataFilePath {
- //检索Documents目录路径。第二个参数表示将搜索限制在我们的应用程序沙盒中
- NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
- //每个应用程序只有一个Documents目录
- NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
- //创建文件名
- return [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:kFilename];
- }
- //应用程序退出时,将数据保存到属性列表文件
- - (void)applicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification *)notification {
- Fourlines *fourlines = [[Fourlines alloc] init];
- fourlines.field1 = field1.text;
- fourlines.field2 = field2.text;
- fourlines.field3 = field3.text;
- fourlines.field4 = field4.text;
- NSMutableData *data = [[NSMutableData alloc] init];//用于存储编码的数据
- NSKeyedArchiver *archiver = [[NSKeyedArchiver alloc] initForWritingWithMutableData:data];
- [archiver encodeObject:fourlines forKey:kDataKey];
- [archiver finishEncoding];
- [data writeToFile:[self dataFilePath] atomically:YES];
- [fourlines release];
- [archiver release];
- [data release];
- }
- /*
- // The designated initializer. Override to perform setup that is required before the view is loaded.
- - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil {
- self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
- if (self) {
- // Custom initialization
- }
- return self;
- }
- */
- /*
- // Implement loadView to create a view hierarchy programmatically, without using a nib.
- - (void)loadView {
- }
- */
- // Implement viewDidLoad to do additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
- - (void)viewDidLoad {
- [super viewDidLoad];
- NSString *filePath = [self dataFilePath];
- //检查数据文件是否存在
- if([[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:filePath]) {
- //从文件获取用于解码的数据
- NSData *data = [[NSMutableData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:[self dataFilePath]];
- NSKeyedUnarchiver *unarchiver = [[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc] initForReadingWithData:data];
- Fourlines *fourlines = [unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:kDataKey];
- [unarchiver finishDecoding];
- field1.text = fourlines.field1;
- field2.text = fourlines.field2;
- field3.text = fourlines.field3;
- field4.text = fourlines.field4;
- [unarchiver release];
- [data release];
- }
- UIApplication *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication];
- [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
- selector:@selector(applicationWillResignActive:)
- name:UIApplicationWillResignActiveNotification
- object:app];
- [super viewDidLoad];
- }
- /*
- // Override to allow orientations other than the default portrait orientation.
- - (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation {
- // Return YES for supported orientations
- return (interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait);
- }
- */
- - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
- // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview.
- [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
- // Release any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use.
- }
- - (void)viewDidUnload {
- self.field1 = nil;
- self.field2 = nil;
- self.field3 = nil;
- self.field4 = nil;
- [super viewDidUnload];
- }
- - (void)dealloc {
- [field1 release];
- [field2 release];
- [field3 release];
- [field4 release];
- [super dealloc];
- }
- @end
===================================================================================
===================================================================================
3、SQLite
- //
- // Persistence3ViewController.h
- // Persistence3
- //
- // Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3.
- // Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
- #define kFilename @"data.sqlite3"
- @interface Persistence3ViewController : UIViewController {
- UITextField *filed1;
- UITextField *field2;
- UITextField *field3;
- UITextField *field4;
- }
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field1;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field2;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field3;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field4;
- - (NSString *)dataFilePath;
- - (void)applicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification *)notification;
- @end
- //
- // Persistence3ViewController.m
- // Persistence3
- //
- // Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3.
- // Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import "Persistence3ViewController.h"
- #import <sqlite3.h>
- @implementation Persistence3ViewController
- @synthesize field1;
- @synthesize field2;
- @synthesize field3;
- @synthesize field4;
- //数据文件的完整路径
- - (NSString *)dataFilePath {
- //检索Documents目录路径。第二个参数表示将搜索限制在我们的应用程序沙盒中
- NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
- //每个应用程序只有一个Documents目录
- NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
- //创建文件名
- return [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:kFilename];
- }
- //应用程序退出时,将数据保存到属性列表文件
- - (void)applicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification *)notification {
- sqlite3 *database;
- if(sqlite3_open([[self dataFilePath] UTF8String], &database) != SQLITE_OK) {
- sqlite3_close(database);
- NSAssert(0, @"Failed to open database");
- }
- for(int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
- NSString *fieldname = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"field%d", i];
- UITextField *field = [self valueForKey:fieldname];
- [fieldname release];
- char *update = "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO FIELDS (ROW, FIELD_DATA) VALUES (?, ?);";
- sqlite3_stmt *stmt;
- //将SQL语句编译为sqlite内部一个结构体(sqlite3_stmt),类似java JDBC的PreparedStatement预编译
- if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(database, update, -1, &stmt, nil) == SQLITE_OK) {
- //在bind参数的时候,参数列表的index从1开始,而取出数据的时候,列的index是从0开始
- sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 1, i);
- sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, 2, [field.text UTF8String], -1, NULL);
- } else {
- NSAssert(0, @"Error:Failed to prepare statemen");
- }
- //执行SQL文,获取结果
- int result = sqlite3_step(stmt);
- if(result != SQLITE_DONE) {
- NSAssert1(0, @"Error updating table: %d", result);
- }
- //释放stmt占用的内存(sqlite3_prepare_v2()分配的)
- sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
- }
- sqlite3_close(database);
- }
- /*
- // The designated initializer. Override to perform setup that is required before the view is loaded.
- - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil {
- self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
- if (self) {
- // Custom initialization
- }
- return self;
- }
- */
- /*
- // Implement loadView to create a view hierarchy programmatically, without using a nib.
- - (void)loadView {
- }
- */
- // Implement viewDidLoad to do additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
- - (void)viewDidLoad {
- [super viewDidLoad];
- NSString *filePath = [self dataFilePath];
- //检查数据文件是否存在
- if([[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:filePath]) {
- //打开数据库
- sqlite3 *database;
- if(sqlite3_open([filePath UTF8String], &database) != SQLITE_OK) {
- sqlite3_close(database);
- NSAssert(0, @"Failed to open database");
- }
- //创建表
- char *errorMsg;
- NSString *createSQL =
- @"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS FIELDS (ROW INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, FIELD_DATA TEXT);";
- if(sqlite3_exec(database, [createSQL UTF8String], NULL, NULL, &errorMsg) != SQLITE_OK) {
- sqlite3_close(database);
- NSAssert(0, @"Error creating table: %s", errorMsg);
- }
- //查询
- NSString *query = @"SELECT ROW, FIELD_DATA FROM FIELDS ORDER BY ROW";
- sqlite3_stmt *statement;
- //设置nByte可以加速操作
- if(sqlite3_prepare_v2(database, [query UTF8String], -1, &statement, nil) == SQLITE_OK) {
- while (sqlite3_step(statement) == SQLITE_ROW) {//返回每一行
- int row = sqlite3_column_int(statement, 0);
- char *rowData = (char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement, 1);
- NSString *fieldName = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"field%d", row];
- NSString *fieldValue = [[NSString alloc] initWithUTF8String:rowData];
- UITextField *field = [self valueForKey:fieldName];
- field.text = fieldValue;
- [fieldName release];
- [fieldValue release];
- }
- //释放statement占用的内存(sqlite3_prepare()分配的)
- sqlite3_finalize(statement);
- }
- sqlite3_close(database);
- }
- UIApplication *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication];
- [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
- selector:@selector(applicationWillResignActive:)
- name:UIApplicationWillResignActiveNotification
- object:app];
- [super viewDidLoad];
- }
- /*
- // Override to allow orientations other than the default portrait orientation.
- - (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation {
- // Return YES for supported orientations
- return (interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait);
- }
- */
- - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
- // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview.
- [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
- // Release any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use.
- }
- - (void)viewDidUnload {
- self.field1 = nil;
- self.field2 = nil;
- self.field3 = nil;
- self.field4 = nil;
- [super viewDidUnload];
- }
- - (void)dealloc {
- [field1 release];
- [field2 release];
- [field3 release];
- [field4 release];
- [super dealloc];
- }
- @end
===================================================================================
===================================================================================
4、Core Data
- //
- // PersistenceViewController.h
- // Persistence4
- //
- // Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3.
- // Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
- @interface PersistenceViewController : UIViewController {
- UITextField *filed1;
- UITextField *field2;
- UITextField *field3;
- UITextField *field4;
- }
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field1;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field2;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field3;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *field4;
- @end
- //
- // PersistenceViewController.m
- // Persistence4
- //
- // Created by liu lavy on 11-10-3.
- // Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import "PersistenceViewController.h"
- #import "Persistence4AppDelegate.h"
- @implementation PersistenceViewController
- @synthesize field1;
- @synthesize field2;
- @synthesize field3;
- @synthesize field4;
- -(void) applicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification *)notification {
- Persistence4AppDelegate *appDelegate = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate];
- NSManagedObjectContext *context = [appDelegate managedObjectContext];
- NSError *error;
- for(int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
- NSString *fieldName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"field%d", i];
- UITextField *theField = [self valueForKey:fieldName];
- //创建提取请求
- NSFetchRequest *request = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] init];
- //创建实体描述并关联到请求
- NSEntityDescription *entityDescription = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"Line"
- inManagedObjectContext:context];
- [request setEntity:entityDescription];
- //设置检索数据的条件
- NSPredicate *pred = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"(lineNum = %d)", i];
- [request setPredicate:pred];
- NSManagedObject *theLine = nil;
- ////检查是否返回了标准匹配的对象,如果有则加载它,如果没有则创建一个新的托管对象来保存此字段的文本
- NSArray *objects = [context executeFetchRequest:request error:&error];
- if(!objects) {
- NSLog(@"There was an error");
- }
- //if(objects.count > 0) {
- // theLine = [objects objectAtIndex:0];
- //} else {
- //创建一个新的托管对象来保存此字段的文本
- theLine = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Line"
- inManagedObjectContext:context];
- [theLine setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInt:i] forKey:@"lineNum"];
- [theLine setValue:theField.text forKey:@"lineText"];
- //}
- [request release];
- }
- //通知上下文保存更改
- [context save:&error];
- }
- // The designated initializer. Override if you create the controller programmatically and want to perform customization that is not appropriate for viewDidLoad.
- /*
- - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil {
- self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
- if (self) {
- // Custom initialization.
- }
- return self;
- }
- */
- // Implement viewDidLoad to do additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
- - (void)viewDidLoad {
- Persistence4AppDelegate *appDelegate = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate];
- NSManagedObjectContext *context = [appDelegate managedObjectContext];
- //创建一个实体描述
- NSEntityDescription *entityDescription = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"Line" inManagedObjectContext:context];
- //创建一个请求,用于提取对象
- NSFetchRequest *request = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] init];
- [request setEntity:entityDescription];
- //检索对象
- NSError *error;
- NSArray *objects = [context executeFetchRequest:request error:&error];
- if(!objects) {
- NSLog(@"There was an error!");
- }
- for(NSManagedObject *obj in objects) {
- NSNumber *lineNum = [obj valueForKey:@"lineNum"];
- NSString *lineText = [obj valueForKey:@"lineText"];
- NSString *fieldName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"field%d", [lineNum integerValue]];
- UITextField *textField = [self valueForKey:fieldName];
- textField.text = lineText;
- }
- [request release];
- UIApplication *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication];
- [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
- selector:@selector(applicationWillResignActive:)
- name:UIApplicationWillResignActiveNotification
- object:app];
- [super viewDidLoad];
- }
- /*
- // Override to allow orientations other than the default portrait orientation.
- - (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation {
- // Return YES for supported orientations.
- return (interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait);
- }
- */
- - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
- // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview.
- [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
- // Release any cached data, images, etc. that aren't in use.
- }
- - (void)viewDidUnload {
- self.field1 = nil;
- self.field2 = nil;
- self.field3 = nil;
- self.field4 = nil;
- [super viewDidUnload];
- }
- - (void)dealloc {
- [field1 release];
- [field2 release];
- [field3 release];
- [field4 release];
- [super dealloc];
- }
- @end
5、AppSettings
NSUserDefaults用于存储一些app setting。当你关闭app之后再打开后,之前存储的setting依然可以从NSUserDefaults里读取。注意:密码最好不要存储在 NSUserDefaults里,要存储也必须用AES/DES加密存储,更安全的方法是 https://github.com/ldandersen/scifihifi-iphone
把密码存储在NSUserDefault or plist里的后果: http://www.shushao.com/news/info/item/203510-ios
example 1: 读取NSUserDefaults里的"color" setting
- [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] stringForKey:@"color"];
example 2: 写入NSUserDefaults里的"color" setting为"red"
- [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:@"red" forKey:@"color"];
另外NSUserDefaults还提供了一个registerDefaults方法,通常在appDelegate的didFinishLaunchingWithOptions里调用
- - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
- {
- NSDictionary *defaultValues = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: @"blue", @"color",nil];
- [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] registerDefaults:defaultValues];
- return YES;
- }
registerDefaults方法调用时会check NSUserDefaults里是否已经存在了相同的key,如果有则不会把其覆盖。举个例子:
1 当第一次run上面的app时,"color"="blue"会写入NSUserDefaults里
2 然后你的app调用了
- [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:@"red" forKey:@"color"];
这时NSUserDefaults里"color"="red"3. exit app and restart it,registerDefaults方法还是会被调用,但它check到"color" key已经存在,就不会把它写入NSUserDefaults中
这时NSUserDefaults里"color"="red"
4. 修改registerDefaults方法变成
- NSDictionary *defaultValues = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: @"black", @"color",nil];
- [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] registerDefaults:defaultValues];
然后重新run app,之后NSUserDefaults里依然"color"="red"
5. 修改registerDefaults方法变成
- NSDictionary *defaultValues = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: @"black", @"color",@"tomson", @"username",nil];
- [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] registerDefaults:defaultValues];
然后重新run app,之后NSUserDefaults里依然"color"="red",不过多了a pair of key-value: username=tomson
注意:
* If you terminate your app by pressing "Stop" in Xcode (in the Simulator or on the device), your User Defaults might get saved
* 我没试过NSUserDefaults在exit app之后被保存,有人说碰到,并给出代码调用""的解决方案
ref links:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6033385/nsuserdefaults-not-being-saved-in-simulator
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2622754/why-is-nsuserdefaults-not-saving-my-values
6、普通文件存储
这种方式即自己将数据通过IO保存到文件,或从文件读取。
声明:此篇所有代码来自《Iphone4与IPad开发基础教程》