gin实践,连载一 搭建blogs的基础配置
初始化项目目录
- conf:用于存储配置文件
- middleware:应用中间件
- models:应用数据库模型
- pkg:第三方包
- routers 路由逻辑处理
- runtime 应用运行时数据
初始化项目数据库
新建blog数据库,编码为utf8_general_ci
在blog数据库下,新建以下表
- 标签表
CREATE TABLE `blog_tag` (
`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(100) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '标签名称',
`created_on` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '创建时间',
`created_by` varchar(100) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '创建人',
`modified_on` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '修改时间',
`modified_by` varchar(100) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '修改人',
`state` tinyint(3) unsigned DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '状态 0为禁用、1为启用',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='文章标签管理';
- 文章表
CREATE TABLE `blog_article` (
`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`tag_id` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '标签ID',
`title` varchar(100) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '文章标题',
`desc` varchar(255) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '简述',
`content` text,
`created_on` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`created_by` varchar(100) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '创建人',
`modified_on` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '修改时间',
`modified_by` varchar(255) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '修改人',
`state` tinyint(3) unsigned DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '状态 0为禁用1为启用',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='文章管理';
- 认证表
CREATE TABLE `blog_auth` (
`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(50) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '账号',
`password` varchar(50) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '密码',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `blog`.`blog_auth` (`id`, `username`, `password`) VALUES (null, 'test', 'test123456');
编写项目配置包
拉取go-ini/ini的依赖包
go get -u github.com/go-ini/ini
我们需要编写基础的应用配置文件,在gin-blog的conf目录下新建app.ini文件,写入内容:
#debug or release
RUN_MODE = debug
[app]
PAGE_SIZE = 10
JWT_SECRET = 23347$040412
[server]
HTTP_PORT = 8000
READ_TIMEOUT = 60
WRITE_TIMEOUT = 60
[database]
TYPE = mysql
USER = 数据库账号
PASSWORD = 数据库密码
#127.0.0.1:3306
HOST = 数据库IP:数据库端口号
NAME = blog
TABLE_PREFIX = blog_
建立调用配置的setting模块,在gin-blog的pkg目录下新建setting目录,新建setting.go文件,写入内容:
package setting
import (
"github.com/go-ini/ini"
"log"
"time"
)
var (
Cfg *ini.File
RunMode string
HTTPPort int
ReadTimeout time.Duration
WriteTimeout time.Duration
PageSize int
JwtSecret string
)
func init() {
var err error
Cfg, err = ini.Load("conf/app.ini")
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("fail to parse 'conf/app.ini': %v", err)
}
LoadBase()
LoadServer()
LoadApp()
}
func LoadBase() {
RunMode = Cfg.Section("").Key("RUN_MODE").MustString("debug")
}
func LoadServer() {
sec, err := Cfg.GetSection("server")
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("fail to parse 'server': %v", err)
}
HTTPPort = sec.Key("HTTP_PORT").MustInt(8000)
ReadTimeout = time.Duration(sec.Key("READ_TIMEOUT").MustInt(60)) * time.Second
WriteTimeout = time.Duration(sec.Key("WRITE_TIMEOUT").MustInt(60)) * time.Second
}
func LoadApp() {
sec, err := Cfg.GetSection("app")
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("fail to parse 'app': %v", err)
}
PageSize = sec.Key("PAGE_SIZE").MustInt(10)
JwtSecret = sec.Key("JWT_SECRET").MustString("!@)*#)!@U#@*!@!)")
}
当前的目录结构:
编写API错误码包
建立错误码的e模块,在gin-blog的pkg目录下新建e目录,新建code.go和msg.go文件,写入内容:
- code.go
package e
const (
SUCCESS = 200
ERROR = 500
INVALID_PARAMS = 400
ERROR_EXIST_TAG = 10001
ERROR_NOT_EXIST_TAG = 10002
ERROR_NOT_EXIST_ARTICLE = 10003
ERROR_AUTH_CHECK_TOKEN_FAIL = 20001
ERROR_AUTH_CHECK_TOKEN_TIMEOUT = 20002
ERROR_AUTH_TOKEN = 20003
ERROR_AUTH = 20004
)
- msg.go
package e
var MsgFlags = map[int]string{
SUCCESS: "ok",
ERROR: "fail",
INVALID_PARAMS: "请求参数错误",
ERROR_EXIST_TAG: "已存在该标签名称",
ERROR_NOT_EXIST_TAG: "不存在该标签名称",
ERROR_NOT_EXIST_ARTICLE: "该文章不存在",
ERROR_AUTH_CHECK_TOKEN_FAIL: "Token鉴权失败",
ERROR_AUTH_CHECK_TOKEN_TIMEOUT: "Token已超时",
ERROR_AUTH_TOKEN: "Token生成失败",
ERROR_AUTH: "Token错误",
}
func GetMsg(code int) string {
if msg, ok := MsgFlags[code]; ok {
return msg
}
return MsgFlags[ERROR]
}
编写工具目录
在gin-blog的pkg目录下新建util目录,
拉取com的依赖包
go get -u github.com/Unknwon/com
编写分页页码的获取方法
在util目录下新建pagination.go,写入内容:
package util
import (
"gin_log/pkg/setting"
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"log"
"strconv"
)
func GetPage(c *gin.Context) int {
result := 0
page, err := strconv.Atoi(c.Query("page"))
if err != nil {
log.Printf("fail to parse 'page': %v", err)
}
if page > 0 {
result = (page - 1) * setting.PageSize
}
return result
}
编写models init
拉取gorm的依赖包
go get -u gorm.io/gorm
拉取mysql驱动的依赖包
go get -u github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql
完成后,在gin-blog的models目录下新建models.go,用于models的初始化使用
package models
import (
"fmt"
"gin_log/pkg/setting"
"gorm.io/gorm"
"log"
"gorm.io/driver/mysql"
)
var db *gorm.DB
type Model struct {
ID int `gorm:"primary_key" json:"id"`
CreatedOn int `json:"created_on"`
ModifiedOn int `json:"modified_on"`
}
func init() {
var (
err error
dbName, user, password, host string
)
sec, err := setting.Cfg.GetSection("database")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(2, "fail to GetSection 'database': %v", err)
}
dbName = sec.Key("NAME").String()
user = sec.Key("USER").String()
password = sec.Key("PASSWORD").String()
host = sec.Key("HOST").String()
dsn := fmt.Sprintf(
"%s:%s@tcp(%s)/%s?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local",
user, password, host, dbName,
)
db, err = gorm.Open(mysql.Open(dsn), &gorm.Config{})
if err != nil {
log.Println(err)
}
if err = db.AutoMigrate(&Model{}); err != nil {
log.Println(err)
}
}
编写项目启动,路由文件
最基础的准备工作完成啦,让我们开始编写Demo吧!
编写demo
在gin-blog下建立main.go作为启动文件(也就是main包),
我们先写个Demo,帮助大家理解,写入文件内容:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"gin_log/pkg/setting"
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
router := gin.Default()
router.GET("/test", func(context *gin.Context) {
context.JSON(200, gin.H{
"message": "test",
})
})
s := &http.Server{
Addr: fmt.Sprintf(":%d", setting.HTTPPort),
Handler: router,
ReadTimeout: setting.ReadTimeout,
WriteTimeout: setting.WriteTimeout,
MaxHeaderBytes: 1 << 20,
}
_ = s.ListenAndServe()
}
执行go run main.go
在本机执行curl 127.0.0.1:8000/test,检查是否返回{"message":"test"}。
抽离路由和处理函数
在gin-blog下routers目录新建router.go文件,写入内容:
package routers
import (
"gin_log/pkg/setting"
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)
func InitRouter() *gin.Engine {
r := gin.New()
r.Use(gin.Logger())
r.Use(gin.Recovery())
gin.SetMode(setting.RunMode)
r.GET("/test", func(context *gin.Context) {
context.JSON(200, gin.H{"message": "test"})
})
return r
}
修改main.go的文件内容:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"gin_log/pkg/setting"
"gin_log/routers"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
router := routers.InitRouter()
s := &http.Server{
Addr: fmt.Sprintf(":%d", setting.HTTPPort),
Handler: router,
ReadTimeout: setting.ReadTimeout,
WriteTimeout: setting.WriteTimeout,
MaxHeaderBytes: 1 << 20,
}
_ = s.ListenAndServe()
}
当前目录结构:
重启服务,执行curl 127.0.0.1:8000/test查看是否正确返回。
下一节,我们将以我们的Demo为起点进行修改,开始编码!