中文输入的类的实现

不想让ime显示默认的窗口，只想用它的转换和选字功能，看过拿铁游戏论坛上的一个兄弟的一些代码，修正了一些我认为的bug，加入了一组控制函数，使得程序中可以显示一些button，玩家可以不必用热键就能切换输入法、全角/半角，中/英文标点。

//不知道这个能不能解决缩进的问题


下载演示例子

#pragma comment ( lib, "imm32.lib" )
#include <windows.h>
#include <imm.h>

class CIme{
    bool g_bIme; //ime允许标志
    char g_szCompStr[ MAX_PATH ]; //存储转换后的串
    char g_szCompReadStr[ MAX_PATH ];//存储输入的串
    char g_szCandList[ MAX_PATH ]; //存储整理成字符串选字表
    int g_nImeCursor; //存储转换后的串中的光标位置
    CANDIDATELIST *g_lpCandList; //存储标准的选字表
    char g_szImeName[ 64 ]; //存储输入法的名字
    bool g_bImeSharp; //全角标志
    bool g_bImeSymbol; //中文标点标志
    void ConvertCandList( CANDIDATELIST *pCandList, char *pszCandList ); //将选字表整理成串

public:
    CIme() : g_lpCandList( NULL ){ DisableIme(); } //通过DisableIme初始化一些数据
    ~CIme()
    {

        DisableIme();
        if( g_lpCandList )
        {
            GlobalFree( (HANDLE)g_lpCandList );
            g_lpCandList = NULL;
        }
    }

    //控制函数
    void DisableIme(); //关闭并禁止输入法，如ime已经打开则关闭，此后玩家不能用热键呼出ime
    void EnableIme(); //允许输入法，此后玩家可以用热键呼出ime
    void NextIme(); //切换到下一种输入法，必须EnableIme后才有效
    void SharpIme( HWND hWnd ); //切换全角/半角
    void SymbolIme( HWND hWnd );//切换中/英文标点

    //状态函数
    char* GetImeName(); //得到输入法名字，如果当前是英文则返回NULL
    bool IfImeSharp(); //是否全角
    bool IfImeSymbol(); //是否中文标点
    void GetImeInput( char **pszCompStr, char **pszCompReadStr, int *pnImeCursor, char **pszCandList );

    //得到输入法状态，四个指针任意可为NULL则此状态不回返回
    //在pszCompStr中返回转换后的串
    //在pszCompReadStr中返回键盘直接输入的串
    //在pnImeCursor中返回szCompStr的光标位置
    //在pszCandList中返回选字表，每项之间以\t分隔

    //必须在消息中调用的函数，如果返回是true，则窗口函数应直接返回0，否则应传递给DefWindowProc
    bool OnWM_INPUTLANGCHANGEREQUEST();
    bool OnWM_INPUTLANGCHANGE( HWND hWnd );
    bool OnWM_IME_SETCONTEXT(){ return true; }
    bool OnWM_IME_STARTCOMPOSITION(){ return true; }
    bool OnWM_IME_ENDCOMPOSITION(){ return true; }
    bool OnWM_IME_NOTIFY( HWND hWnd, WPARAM wParam );
    bool OnWM_IME_COMPOSITION( HWND hWnd, LPARAM lParam );
};

void CIme::DisableIme()
{
    while( ImmIsIME( GetKeyboardLayout( 0 )))
        ActivateKeyboardLayout(( HKL )HKL_NEXT, 0 );//如果ime打开通过循环切换到下一个关闭

    g_bIme = false;
    g_szCompStr[ 0 ] = 0;
    g_szCompReadStr[ 0 ] = 0;
    g_nImeCursor = 0;
    g_szImeName[ 0 ] = 0;
    g_szCandList[ 0 ] = 0;
}

void CIme::EnableIme()
{
    g_bIme = true;
}

void CIme::NextIme()
{
    if( !g_bIme )
        return;
    ActivateKeyboardLayout(( HKL )HKL_NEXT, 0 );
}

void CIme::SharpIme( HWND hWnd )
{
    ImmSimulateHotKey( hWnd, IME_CHOTKEY_SHAPE_TOGGLE );
}

void CIme::SymbolIme( HWND hWnd )
{
    ImmSimulateHotKey( hWnd, IME_CHOTKEY_SYMBOL_TOGGLE );
}

void CIme::ConvertCandList( CANDIDATELIST *pCandList, char *pszCandList ) //转换CandidateList到一个串，\t分隔每一项
{
    unsigned int i;
    if( pCandList->dwCount < pCandList->dwSelection )
    {
        pszCandList[ 0 ] = 0;
        return;
    }

    //待选字序号超出总数，微软拼音第二次到选字表最后一页后再按PageDown会出现这种情况，并且会退出选字状态，开始一个新的输入
    //但微软拼音自己的ime窗口可以解决这个问题，估计微软拼音实现了更多的接口，所以使用了这种不太标准的数据
    //我现在无法解决这个问题，而且实际使用中也很少遇到这种事，而且其它标准输入法不会引起这种bug
    //非标准输入法估计实现的接口比较少，所以应该也不会引起这种bug

    for( i = 0; ( i < pCandList->dwCount - pCandList->dwSelection )&&( i < pCandList->dwPageSize ); i++ )
    {
        *pszCandList++ = ( i % 10 != 9 )? i % 10 + '1' : '0';//每项对应的数字键
        *pszCandList++ = '.';//用'.'分隔
        strcpy( pszCandList, (char*)pCandList + pCandList->dwOffset[ pCandList->dwSelection + i ] );//每项实际的内容
        pszCandList += strlen( pszCandList );
        *pszCandList++ = '\t';//项之间以'\t'分隔
    }
    *( pszCandList - 1 )= 0;//串尾，并覆盖最后一个'\t'
}

bool CIme::OnWM_INPUTLANGCHANGEREQUEST()
{
    return !g_bIme;//如果禁止ime则返回false，此时窗口函数应返回0，否则DefWindowProc会打开输入法
}

bool CIme::OnWM_INPUTLANGCHANGE( HWND hWnd ) //ime改变
{
    HKL hKL = GetKeyboardLayout( 0 );
    if( ImmIsIME( hKL ))
    {
        HIMC hIMC = ImmGetContext( hWnd );
        ImmEscape( hKL, hIMC, IME_ESC_IME_NAME, g_szImeName );//取得新输入法名字
        DWORD dwConversion, dwSentence;
        ImmGetConversionStatus( hIMC, &dwConversion, &dwSentence );
        g_bImeSharp = ( dwConversion & IME_CMODE_FULLSHAPE )? true : false;//取得全角标志
        g_bImeSymbol = ( dwConversion & IME_CMODE_SYMBOL )? true : false;//取得中文标点标志
        ImmReleaseContext( hWnd, hIMC );
    }
    else//英文输入
        g_szImeName[ 0 ] = 0;

    return false;//总是返回false，因为需要窗口函数调用DefWindowProc继续处理
}

bool CIme::OnWM_IME_NOTIFY( HWND hWnd, WPARAM wParam )
{
    HIMC hIMC;
    DWORD dwSize;
    DWORD dwConversion, dwSentence;
    switch( wParam )
    {
    case IMN_SETCONVERSIONMODE://全角/半角，中/英文标点改变
        hIMC = ImmGetContext( hWnd );
        ImmGetConversionStatus( hIMC, &dwConversion, &dwSentence );
        g_bImeSharp = ( dwConversion & IME_CMODE_FULLSHAPE )? true : false;
        g_bImeSymbol = ( dwConversion & IME_CMODE_SYMBOL )? true : false;
        ImmReleaseContext( hWnd, hIMC );
        break;

    case IMN_OPENCANDIDATE://进入选字状态
    case IMN_CHANGECANDIDATE://选字表翻页
        hIMC = ImmGetContext( hWnd );
        if( g_lpCandList )
        {
            GlobalFree( (HANDLE)g_lpCandList );
            g_lpCandList = NULL;
        } //释放以前的选字表
        if( dwSize = ImmGetCandidateList( hIMC, 0, NULL, 0 ))
        {
            g_lpCandList = (LPCANDIDATELIST)GlobalAlloc( GPTR, dwSize );
            if( g_lpCandList )
                ImmGetCandidateList( hIMC, 0, g_lpCandList, dwSize );
        } //得到新的选字表
        ImmReleaseContext( hWnd, hIMC );
        if( g_lpCandList )ConvertCandList( g_lpCandList, g_szCandList );//选字表整理成串
        break;

    case IMN_CLOSECANDIDATE://关闭选字表
        if( g_lpCandList )
        {
            GlobalFree( (HANDLE)g_lpCandList );
            g_lpCandList = NULL;
        }//释放
        g_szCandList[ 0 ] = 0;
        break;
    }

    return true;//总是返回true，防止ime窗口打开
}

bool CIme::OnWM_IME_COMPOSITION( HWND hWnd, LPARAM lParam ) //输入改变
{
    HIMC hIMC;
    DWORD dwSize;
    hIMC = ImmGetContext( hWnd );
    if( lParam & GCS_COMPSTR )
    {
        dwSize = ImmGetCompositionString( hIMC, GCS_COMPSTR, (void*)g_szCompStr, sizeof( g_szCompStr ));
        g_szCompStr[ dwSize ] = 0;
    }//取得szCompStr

    if( lParam & GCS_COMPREADSTR )
    {
        dwSize = ImmGetCompositionString( hIMC, GCS_COMPREADSTR, (void*)g_szCompReadStr, sizeof( g_szCompReadStr ));
        g_szCompReadStr[ dwSize ] = 0;
    }//取得szCompReadStr

    if( lParam & GCS_CURSORPOS )
    {
        g_nImeCursor = 0xffff & ImmGetCompositionString( hIMC, GCS_CURSORPOS, NULL, 0 );
    }//取得nImeCursor

    if( lParam & GCS_RESULTSTR )
    {
        unsigned char str[ MAX_PATH ];
        dwSize = ImmGetCompositionString( hIMC, GCS_RESULTSTR, (void*)str, sizeof( str ));//取得汉字输入串
        str[ dwSize ] = 0;
        unsigned char *p = str;
        while( *p )PostMessage( hWnd, WM_CHAR, (WPARAM)(*p++), 1 );//转成WM_CHAR消息
    }

    ImmReleaseContext( hWnd, hIMC );
    return true;//总是返回true，防止ime窗口打开
}

char* CIme::GetImeName()
{
    return g_szImeName[ 0 ]? g_szImeName : NULL;
}

bool CIme::IfImeSharp() //是否全角
{
    return g_bImeSharp;
}

bool CIme::IfImeSymbol() //是否中文标点
{
    return g_bImeSymbol;
}

void CIme::GetImeInput( char **pszCompStr, char **pszCompReadStr, int *pnImeCursor, char **pszCandList )
{
    if( pszCompStr )
        *pszCompStr = g_szCompStr;
    if( pszCompReadStr )
        *pszCompReadStr = g_szCompReadStr;
    if( pnImeCursor )
        *pnImeCursor = g_nImeCursor;
    if( pszCandList )
        *pszCandList = g_szCandList;
}

//由于微软拼音实现了很多自己的东西，CIme和它的兼容性有些问题
//1、在函数ConvertCandList中所说的选字表的问题
//2、函数GetImeInput返回的szCompReadStr显然经过了加工而不是最初的键盘输入
// 它的每个可组合的输入占以空格补足的8byte，且新的不可组合的输入存为0xa1
// 我们可以在输入法名字中有子串"微软拼音"时，只显示末尾的一组8byte，如果有0xa1就什么都不显示，也可以直接用TextOut显示所有的