curl工具

标准的 Linux 发行版都安装了 cURL 工具。cURL 可以很方便地完成 RESTful API 的调用场景，比如设置 Header、指定 HTTP 请求方法、指定 HTTP 消息体、指定权限认证信息等。通过-v选项，也能输出 REST 请求的所有返回信息。cURL 功能很强大，有很多参数，这里列出 cURL 工具常用的参数：

-X/--request [GET|POST|PUT|DELETE|…]  指定请求的 HTTP 方法
-H/--header                           指定请求的 HTTP Header
-d/--data                             指定请求的 HTTP 消息体（Body）
-s/--silent                           静默模式，不输出任何内容
-v/--verbose                          输出详细的返回信息
-u/--user                             指定账号、密码
-b/--cookie                           读取 cookie

接下来，我用对 secret 资源的 CURD 操作，来给你演示下如何使用 iam-apiserver 的功能。你需要执行 6 步操作。

  1. 登录 iam-apiserver，获取 token。
$ curl -s -XPOST -H"Authorization: Basic `echo -n 'admin:Admin@2021'|base64`" http://127.0.0.1:8080/login | jq -r .token
eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJhdWQiOiJpYW0uYXBpLm1hcm1vdGVkdS5jb20iLCJleHAiOjE2MzUwNTk4NDIsImlkZW50aXR5IjoiYWRtaW4iLCJpc3MiOiJpYW0tYXBpc2VydmVyIiwib3JpZ19pYXQiOjE2MjcyODM4NDIsInN1YiI6ImFkbWluIn0.gTS0n-7njLtpCJ7mvSnct2p3TxNTUQaduNXxqqLwGfI

将返回结果写入环境变量TOKEN。
2. 创建一个名为 secret0 的 secret。

$ curl -v -XPOST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -H"Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" -d'{"metadata":{"name":"secret0"},"expires":0,"description":"admin secret"}' http://iam.api.marmotedu.com:8080/v1/secrets
* About to connect() to iam.api.marmotedu.com port 8080 (#0)
*   Trying 127.0.0.1...
* Connected to iam.api.marmotedu.com (127.0.0.1) port 8080 (#0)
> POST /v1/secrets HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.29.0
> Host: iam.api.marmotedu.com:8080
> Accept: */*
> Content-Type: application/json
> Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJhdWQiOiJpYW0uYXBpLm1hcm1vdGVkdS5jb20iLCJleHAiOjE2MzUwNTk4NDIsImlkZW50aXR5IjoiYWRtaW4iLCJpc3MiOiJpYW0tYXBpc2VydmVyIiwib3JpZ19pYXQiOjE2MjcyODM4NDIsInN1YiI6ImFkbWluIn0.gTS0n-7njLtpCJ7mvSnct2p3TxNTUQaduNXxqqLwGfI
> Content-Length: 72
> 
* upload completely sent off: 72 out of 72 bytes
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
< X-Request-Id: ff825bea-53de-4020-8e68-4e87574bd1ba
< Date: Mon, 26 Jul 2021 07:20:26 GMT
< Content-Length: 313
< 
* Connection #0 to host iam.api.marmotedu.com left intact
{"metadata":{"id":60,"instanceID":"secret-jedr3e","name":"secret0","createdAt":"2021-07-26T15:20:26.885+08:00","updatedAt":"2021-07-26T15:20:26.907+08:00"},"username":"admin","secretID":"U6CxKs0YVWyOp5GrluychYIRxDmMDFd1mOOD","secretKey":"fubNIn8jLA55ktuuTpXM8Iw5ogdR2mlf","expires":0,"description":"admin secret"}

请求返回头中返回了X-Request-Id Header，X-Request-Id唯一标识这次请求。

  1. 获取 secret0 的详细信息。
$ curl -XGET -H"Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" http://iam.api.marmotedu.com:8080/v1/secrets/secret0
{"metadata":{"id":60,"instanceID":"secret-jedr3e","name":"secret0","createdAt":"2021-07-26T15:20:26+08:00","updatedAt":"2021-07-26T15:20:26+08:00"},"username":"admin","secretID":"U6CxKs0YVWyOp5GrluychYIRxDmMDFd1mOOD","secretKey":"fubNIn8jLA55ktuuTpXM8Iw5ogdR2mlf","expires":0,"description":"admin secret"}
  1. 更新 secret0 的描述。
$ curl -XPUT -H"Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" -d'{"metadata":{"name":"secret"},"expires":0,"description":"admin secret(modify)"}' http://iam.api.marmotedu.com:8080/v1/secrets/secret0
{"metadata":{"id":60,"instanceID":"secret-jedr3e","name":"secret0","createdAt":"2021-07-26T15:20:26+08:00","updatedAt":"2021-07-26T15:23:35.878+08:00"},"username":"admin","secretID":"U6CxKs0YVWyOp5GrluychYIRxDmMDFd1mOOD","secretKey":"fubNIn8jLA55ktuuTpXM8Iw5ogdR2mlf","expires":0,"description":"admin secret(modify)"}
  1. 获取 secret 列表。
$ curl -XGET -H"Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" http://iam.api.marmotedu.com:8080/v1/secrets
{"totalCount":1,"items":[{"metadata":{"id":60,"instanceID":"secret-jedr3e","name":"secret0","createdAt":"2021-07-26T15:20:26+08:00","updatedAt":"2021-07-26T15:23:35+08:00"},"username":"admin","secretID":"U6CxKs0YVWyOp5GrluychYIRxDmMDFd1mOOD","secretKey":"fubNIn8jLA55ktuuTpXM8Iw5ogdR2mlf","expires":0,"description":"admin secret(modify)"}]}
  1. 删除 secret0。
$ curl -XDELETE -H"Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" http://iam.api.marmotedu.com:8080/v1/secrets/secret0
null

使用-d参数以后，HTTP 请求会自动加上标头Content-Type : application/x-www-form-urlencoded, 这表明以表单方式提交，比如curl -d 'login=emma＆password=123' -X POST https://google.com/login
或者curl -d 'login=emma' -d 'password=123' -X POST https://google.com/login

如果Content-Type为json,则-d为具体的字符串(此处存疑？)，比如curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"metadata":{"name":"secret0"},"expires":0,"description":"admin secret"}' http://iam.api.marmotedu.com:8080/v1/secrets

参考链接：curl用法

posted @ 2022-10-14 15:21  影随风动91  阅读(103)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报