获得计算机的网络信息

《网络程序设计》上机实验报告1

获得计算机的网络信息

[实验目的]

了解如何获得计算机的基本网络信息。

[实验要求]

给出实验中主要的程序代码以及运行结果，并把编译、运行过程中出现的问题以及解决方法填入实验报告中，按时上交。

[实验学时] 2 学时。

[实验内容]

1、获得计算机的MAC地址

实验中主要的程序代码

//#include "stdafx.h"

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS

#include < windows.h >

#include < wincon.h >

#include < stdlib.h >

#include < stdio.h >

#include < time.h >

// 因为是通过NetAPI来获取网卡信息，所以需要包含其题头文件nb30.h#include < nb30.h >

//#include < nb30.h >

#pragma comment(lib,"Netapi32.lib")

typedef struct _ASTAT_{

ADAPTER_STATUS adapt;

NAME_BUFFER NameBuff[30];

}ASTAT, * PASTAT;

ASTAT Adapter;

// 定义一个存放返回网卡信息的变量

// 输入参数:lana_num为网卡编号，一般地，从0开始，但在Windows 2000中并不一定是连续分配的

void getmac_one(int lana_num)

{

NCB ncb;

UCHAR uRetCode;

memset(&ncb, 0, sizeof(ncb));

ncb.ncb_command = NCBRESET;

ncb.ncb_lana_num = lana_num;

// 指定网卡号

// 首先对选定的网卡发送一个NCBRESET命令，以便进行初始化

uRetCode = Netbios(&ncb);

printf("The NCBRESET return code is: 0x%x \n", uRetCode);

memset(&ncb, 0, sizeof(ncb));

ncb.ncb_command = NCBASTAT;

ncb.ncb_lana_num = lana_num; // 指定网卡号

strcpy((char*)ncb.ncb_callname, "* ");

ncb.ncb_buffer = (unsigned char*)&Adapter;

// 指定返回的信息存放的变量

ncb.ncb_length = sizeof(Adapter);

// 接着，可以发送NCBASTAT命令以获取网卡的信息

uRetCode = Netbios(&ncb);

printf("The NCBASTAT return code is: 0x%x \n", uRetCode);

if (uRetCode == 0){

// 把网卡MAC地址格式化成常用的16进制形式，如0010-A4E4-5802

printf("The Ethernet Number[%d] is: %02X%02X-%02X%02X-%02X%02X\n",

lana_num,

Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[0],

Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[1],

Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[2],

Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[3],

Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[4],

Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[5]);

}}

int main(int argc, char* argv[]){

NCB ncb;

UCHAR uRetCode;

LANA_ENUM lana_enum;

memset(&ncb, 0, sizeof(ncb));

ncb.ncb_command = NCBENUM;

ncb.ncb_buffer = (unsigned char*)&lana_enum;

ncb.ncb_length = sizeof(lana_enum);

// 向网卡发送NCBENUM命令，以获取当前机器的网卡信息，如有多少个网卡、每张网卡的编号等

uRetCode = Netbios(&ncb);

printf("The NCBENUM return code is: 0x%x \n", uRetCode);

if (uRetCode == 0){

printf("Ethernet Count is : %d\n\n", lana_enum.length);

// 对每一张网卡，以其网卡编号为输入编号，获取其MAC地址

for (int i = 0; i < lana_enum.length; ++i)

getmac_one(lana_enum.lana[i]);

}

return 0;

}

实验中主要的运行结果

2.获得计算机的IP地址

实验中主要的程序代码

#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS

#include <winsock2.h>

#include <ws2tcpip.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <windows.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

int main(int argc, char** argv) {

// 声明和初始化变量

WSADATA wsaData;

int iResult; DWORD dwError; int i = 0;

struct hostent* remoteHost;

char host_name[256];

struct in_addr addr;

char** pAlias;

//初始化Windows Sockets

iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);

if (iResult != 0)

{

printf("WSAStartup failed: %d\n", iResult);

return 1;

}

//查找主机名

iResult = gethostname(host_name, sizeof(host_name));

if (iResult != 0)

{

printf("gethostname failed: %d\n", iResult);

return 1;

}

//根据主机名获得主机信息

remoteHost = gethostbyname(host_name);

printf("Calling gethostbyname with %s\n", host_name);

// 对返回结果进行判断

if (remoteHost == NULL){

dwError = WSAGetLastError();

if (dwError != 0){

if (dwError == WSAHOST_NOT_FOUND){

printf("Host not found\n");

return 1;

}

else if (dwError == WSANO_DATA){

printf("No data record found\n");

return 1;

}

else{

printf("Function failed with error: %ld\n", dwError);

return 1;

}}}

else{

printf("Function returned:\n");

printf("\tOfficial name: %s\n", remoteHost->h_name);

for (pAlias = remoteHost->h_aliases; *pAlias != 0; pAlias++){

printf("\tAlternate name #%d: %s\n", ++i, *pAlias);

}

printf("\tAddress type: ");

switch (remoteHost->h_addrtype){

case AF_INET:

printf("AF_INET\n");

break;

case AF_NETBIOS:

printf("AF_NETBIOS\n");

break;

default:

printf(" %d\n", remoteHost->h_addrtype);

break;

}

printf("\tAddress length: %d\n", remoteHost->h_length);

// 如果返回的是IPv4的地址， 则输出 i = 0;

if (remoteHost->h_addrtype == AF_INET){

while (remoteHost->h_addr_list[i] != 0){

addr.s_addr = *(u_long*)remoteHost->h_addr_list[i++];

printf("\tIP Address #%d: %s\n", i, inet_ntoa(addr));

}}

else if (remoteHost->h_addrtype == AF_NETBIOS){

printf("NETBIOS address was returned\n");

}}

return 0;

}

实验中主要的运行结果

3.解析主机名称

实验中主要的程序代码

#include <windows.h>

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

printf("得到计算机名称和用户名称 \n");

const int MAX_BUFFER_LEN = 500;

char szBuffer[MAX_BUFFER_LEN];

DWORD dwNameLen;

dwNameLen = MAX_BUFFER_LEN;

if (!GetComputerName(szBuffer, &dwNameLen))

printf("Error %d\n", GetLastError());

else

printf("计算机名为: %s\n", szBuffer);

dwNameLen = MAX_BUFFER_LEN;

if (!GetUserName(szBuffer, &dwNameLen))

printf("Error %d\n", GetLastError());

else

printf("当前用户名为：%s\n", szBuffer);

return 0;

实验中主要的运行结果

CMD命令 ipconfig查看本机的网路信息

[实验总结]

函数需要Platform SDK支持，需要ws2_32.lib 工程文件

#include <WinSock2.h>

#include <Ws2tcpip.h>

#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")

gethostbyname( const char FAR *name )：根据主机名获取主机信息，返回

struct hostent FAR *；hostent 里有主机的IP地址

struct hostent {

char FAR * h_name; // 主机名

char FAR * FAR * h_aliases; // 别名

short h_addrtype; // 地址类型

short h_length; // 地址长度

char FAR * FAR * h_addr_list; // 地址列表

};

使用函数取出需要的内容并打印。