刚开始学习Mybatis可以先看下官方文档,MyBatis是支持定制化SQL、存储过程以及高级映射的优秀的持久层框架。MyBatis避免了几乎所有的JDBC代码和手工设置参数以及抽取结果集。MyBatis使用简单的XML或注解来配置和映射基本体,将接口和Java的POJOs(Plain Old Java Objects,普通的Java对象)映射成数据库中的记录。
下面进入正题:
工具:Navicat premium 、IntelliJ IDEA
简单的目录结构
1.创建mysql数据库
创建一个firend_mq数据库,建立一张表为 users ,并插入一些数据
2.新建一个maven项目,并导入依赖
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<!--添加mybatis依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.6</version>
</dependency>
<!--jdbc驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<!--junit测试类-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
3.在resources文件夹下新建mybatis-config.xml,编写mybaits的核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- configuration核心配置文件-->
<configuration>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/firend_mq?useSSL=false&useUnicode=&characterEncodeing=UTF-8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 注册mapper-->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
注意点:resource绑定mapper,需要使用路径,使用"/"
连接mysql数据库的时候可能会出现时区的问题,可以看这篇博客
idea连接mysql时区问题解决方案(永久)
4.编写mybatis工具类
//SqlSessionFactory
public class Mybatisutil {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static {
try {//使用mybaatis第一步获取SqlSessionFactory对象
String resource="mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream= Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//有了 SqlSessionFactory,顾名思义,我们可以从中获得 SqlSession 的实例。SqlSession
// 提供了在数据库执行 SQL 命令所需的所有方法。你可以通过 SqlSession 实例来直接执行已映射的 SQL 语句
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
return sqlSession;
}
}
5.编写mybatis实体类
package pojo;
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
public User(int id, String username, String password) {
this.id = id;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
public User() {
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
前期的准备工作已完毕,开始编写代码
6.编写Dao层的接口
public interface UserDao {
//查询所有用户
List<User> getUserList();
//查询指定id用户
User getUserById(int id);
//添加一个用户
int addUser(User user);
//修改用户
int updateUser(User user);
//删除一个用户
int deleteUser(int id);
}
7.编写接口实现类
接口实现类由原来的UserDaoImpl转变为Mapper配置文件夹
<!--namespace=绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="dao.UserDao">
<!-- select查询语句 -->
<select id="getUserList" resultType="pojo.User">
select * from firend_mq.users
</select>
<!-- 根据id查询-->
<select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="pojo.User">
select * from firend_mq.users where id = #{id}
</select>
<!-- 添加一个用户 对象中的属性,可以直接取出去-->
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="pojo.User">
insert into firend_mq.users (id,username,password) value (#{id},#{username},#{password})
</insert>
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="pojo.User">
update firend_mq.users set username=#{username},password=#{password} where id=#{id};
</update>
<!-- 删除一个用户-->
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
delete from firend_mq.users where id=#{id}
</delete>
</mapper>
注意点:
- Mapper配置文件一定要在mybatis-config.xml里面注册
- 标签就是增删改查的类型,在标签里面书写原来的sql语句,使用#{}进行传值
- namespace=绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口,不要绑定错误的接口
- id就是接口里面的方法名,要一致
- parameterType是方法的参数类型,resultType是方法的返回值类型要对应接口。
8.编写测试类
public class UserDaoText {
//查询所有用户
@Test
public void getUserList(){
//第一步:获得sqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = Mybatisutil.getSqlSession();
//方式一:getMapper
UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
List<User> userList = mapper.getUserList();
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user);
}
sqlSession.close();
}
// 查询指定id用户
@Test
public void getUserById(){
SqlSession sqlSession = Mybatisutil.getSqlSession();
UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
User user = mapper.getUserById(2);
System.out.println(user);
sqlSession.close();
}
//所有的增删改都要提交事务
//添加一个用户
@Test
public void addUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = Mybatisutil.getSqlSession();
UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
mapper.addUser(new User(4,"张三","10086"));
//提交事务
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
@Test
public void updateUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = Mybatisutil.getSqlSession();
UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
mapper.updateUser(new User(4,"哈哈","123"));
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
@Test
public void deleteUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = Mybatisutil.getSqlSession();
UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
mapper.deleteUser(4);
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
}
这样一个简单Mybatis的增删改查就写完了,细节都在代码中由注释。