C#, Java, PHP, Python和Javascript几种语言的AES加密解密实现

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1、问题描述

　　在与C同事调试的时候发现，Java加密的文件，C语言解析不了，后面找了很多才找到解决方案。

2、操作方法

　　1、Java加密解密

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import org.junit.Test;
...
  @Test
  public void testCrossLanguageEncrypt() throws Exception{
    System.out.println(encrypt());
    System.out.println(desEncrypt());
  }
  public static String encrypt() throws Exception {
    try {
      String data = "Test String";
      String key = "1234567812345678";
      String iv = "1234567812345678";
      Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/NoPadding");
      int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();
      byte[] dataBytes = data.getBytes();
      int plaintextLength = dataBytes.length;
      if (plaintextLength % blockSize != 0) {
        plaintextLength = plaintextLength + (blockSize - (plaintextLength % blockSize));
      }
      byte[] plaintext = new byte[plaintextLength];
      System.arraycopy(dataBytes, 0, plaintext, 0, dataBytes.length);
      SecretKeySpec keyspec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), "AES");
      IvParameterSpec ivspec = new IvParameterSpec(iv.getBytes());
      cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, keyspec, ivspec);
      byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(plaintext);
      return new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder().encode(encrypted);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      return null;
    }
  }
  public static String desEncrypt() throws Exception {
    try
    {
      String data = "2fbwW9+8vPId2/foafZq6Q==";
      String key = "1234567812345678";
      String iv = "1234567812345678";
      byte[] encrypted1 = new sun.misc.BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer(data);
      Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/NoPadding");
      SecretKeySpec keyspec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), "AES");
      IvParameterSpec ivspec = new IvParameterSpec(iv.getBytes());
      cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, keyspec, ivspec);
      byte[] original = cipher.doFinal(encrypted1);
      String originalString = new String(original);
      return originalString;
    }
    catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      return null;
    }
  }

　　2、C加密解密

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
namespace test
{
  class Class1
  {
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
      Console.WriteLine("I am comming");
      String source = "Test String";
      String encryptData = Class1.Encrypt(source, "1234567812345678", "1234567812345678");
      Console.WriteLine("=1==");
      Console.WriteLine(encryptData);
      Console.WriteLine("=2==");
      String decryptData = Class1.Decrypt("2fbwW9+8vPId2/foafZq6Q==", "1234567812345678", "1234567812345678");
      Console.WriteLine(decryptData);
      Console.WriteLine("=3==");
      Console.WriteLine("I will go out");
    }
    public static string Encrypt(string toEncrypt, string key, string iv)
    {
      byte[] keyArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
      byte[] ivArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(iv);
      byte[] toEncryptArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(toEncrypt);
      RijndaelManaged rDel = new RijndaelManaged();
      rDel.Key = keyArray;
      rDel.IV = ivArray;
      rDel.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
      rDel.Padding = PaddingMode.Zeros;
      ICryptoTransform cTransform = rDel.CreateEncryptor();
      byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(toEncryptArray, 0, toEncryptArray.Length);
      return Convert.ToBase64String(resultArray, 0, resultArray.Length);
    }
    public static string Decrypt(string toDecrypt, string key, string iv)
    {
      byte[] keyArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
      byte[] ivArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(iv);
      byte[] toEncryptArray = Convert.FromBase64String(toDecrypt);
      RijndaelManaged rDel = new RijndaelManaged();
      rDel.Key = keyArray;
      rDel.IV = ivArray;
      rDel.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
      rDel.Padding = PaddingMode.Zeros;
      ICryptoTransform cTransform = rDel.CreateDecryptor();
      byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(toEncryptArray, 0, toEncryptArray.Length);
      return UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(resultArray);
    }
  }
}

　　3、PHP加密解密

<?php
$privateKey = "1234567812345678";
$iv     = "1234567812345678";
$data   = "Test String";
 
//加密
$encrypted = mcrypt_encrypt(MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128, $privateKey, $data, MCRYPT_MODE_CBC, $iv);
echo($encrypted);
echo '<br/>';
echo(base64_encode($encrypted));
echo '<br/>';
 
//解密
$encryptedData = base64_decode("2fbwW9+8vPId2/foafZq6Q==");
$decrypted = mcrypt_decrypt(MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128, $privateKey, $encryptedData, MCRYPT_MODE_CBC, $iv);
echo($decrypted);
?>

　　4、JS加密解密

<script type="text/javascript" src="aes.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="pad-zeropadding.js"></script>
导入文件，aes.js需要导入crypto-js压缩包中rollups文件夹下的那个aes.js文件，如果引入的是components文件夹下的aes.js是会报错的

<script type="text/javascript">
  var data = "Test String";
  var key  = CryptoJS.enc.Latin1.parse('1234567812345678');
  var iv   = CryptoJS.enc.Latin1.parse('1234567812345678');
  //加密
  var encrypted = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(data,key,{iv:iv,mode:CryptoJS.mode.CBC,padding:CryptoJS.pad.ZeroPadding});
  document.write(encrypted.ciphertext);
  document.write('<br/>');
  document.write(encrypted.key);
  document.write('<br/>');
  document.write(encrypted.iv);
  document.write('<br/>');
  document.write(encrypted.salt);
  document.write('<br/>');
  document.write(encrypted);
  document.write('<br/>');
  //解密
  var decrypted = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(encrypted,key,{iv:iv,padding:CryptoJS.pad.ZeroPadding});
  console.log(decrypted.toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8));
    </script>

　　5、python加密解密

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
import base64
PADDING = '\0'
#PADDING = ' '
pad_it = lambda s: s+(16 - len(s)%16)*PADDING  
key = '1234567812345678'
iv = '1234567812345678'
source = 'Test String'
generator = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CBC, iv)
crypt = generator.encrypt(pad_it(source))   
cryptedStr = base64.b64encode(crypt)
print cryptedStr
generator = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CBC, iv)
recovery = generator.decrypt(crypt)
print recovery.rstrip(PADDING)

　　注意python下需要用'\0'来填充，如果是空格来填充，python加密得到的字符串会跟其他语言不同。另外注意generator在加密的时候使用过，解密的时候需重新生成再解密，否则解密失败。最后得到的字符串，在python控制台看到尾部是多个NUL这样的东西，要这样recovery.rstrip(PADDING)去除掉才是原始字符串。

可以看到aes加密的中间结果是byte[]类型，直接new String(byte[])会看不到有意义的中间结果，这里用的是base64，是因为各个语言都有这样的支持。在同个语言内，也有bytesToHexString这样的方式。

跨语言加解密的要求是：AES/CBC/ZeroPadding 128位模式，key和iv一样，编码统一用utf-8。不支持ZeroPadding的就用NoPadding.

3、参考网站

　　https://blog.csdn.net/buster2014/article/details/50939194