.NET手记-友盟消息推送服务器端加密算法的实现
最近为App开发消息推送功能,这里我们采用了友盟的消息推送服务,但其后台简陋,可定制化程度低,所以决定接入服务器端API,在自己的服务器上部署一套推送服务。
其中涉及到很多问题,首先要解决的就是与友盟服务器的加密验证问题。
官方示例
友盟官方的加密算法使用Python实现的,核心是MD5算法,如下:
import hashlib import json def md5(s): print s m = hashlib.md5(s) return m.hexdigest() appkey = '你的appkey' app_master_secret = '你的app_master_secret' timestamp = '你的timestamp' device_token='21321321321321' method = 'POST' url = 'http://msg.umeng.com/api/send' params = {'appkey': appkey, 'timestamp': timestamp, 'device_tokens': device_token, 'type': 'unicast', 'payload': {'body': {'ticker': 'Hello World', 'title':'你好', 'text':'来自友盟推送', 'after_open': 'go_app'}, 'display_type': 'notification' } } post_body = json.dumps(params) print post_body sign = md5('%s%s%s%s' % (method,url,post_body,app_master_secret))
Python程序输出结果为:
561128496d0f7a2acc098eb0ac263bd3
问题描述
简单一看发现很简单,于是使用C#实现了对应的一套算法,然而实际运行结果却大相径庭,让人困惑,如下:
private string GetSign() { var param = new { appkey = "你的appkey", timestamp = "你的timestamp", device_tokens = "21321321321321", type = "unicast", payload = new { body = new { ticker = "Hello World", title = "你好", text = "来自友盟推送", after_open = "go_app" }, display_type = "notification" } }; var app_master_secret = "你的app_master_secret"; var method = "POST"; var url = "http://msg.umeng.com/api/send"; var serializer = JsonSerializer.Create(); var jsonWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter(); serializer.Serialize(jsonWriter, param); var post_body = jsonWriter.ToString(); var str = method + url + post_body + app_master_secret; var sign = MD5(str); return sign; } private string MD5(string s) { var x = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); byte[] bs = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s); bs = x.ComputeHash(bs); var str = new System.Text.StringBuilder(); foreach (byte b in bs) { str.Append(b.ToString("x2").ToLower()); } return str.ToString(); }
运行之后我们发现输出结果为:
244ba68e49004f7b4ccdaf9bae617296
显然这两个结果是不对的,是无法通过友盟服务器验证的,那到底是什么问题导致的呢?
问题分析
首先我们检查了自己的MD5加密算法和文本编码,确认了在使用同样输入字符串的情况下输出是一致的,效果与python中md5.hexdigest()、Java中DigestUtils.md5Hex(String)函数输出的结果是一致的,那么可以先确定我们的MD5算法是对的,如下:
private string MD5(string s) { var x = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); var bs = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s); bs = x.ComputeHash(bs); var str = new System.Text.StringBuilder(); foreach (byte b in bs) { str.Append(b.ToString("x2").ToLower()); } return str.ToString(); }
那么剩余的问题就是,是否是我们的输入字符串有问题?于是我分别输出拼接出的输入字符串做了对比,如下:
//Python生成的拼接字符串 POSThttp://msg.umeng.com/api/send{"appkey": "\u4f60\u7684appkey", "timestamp": "\u4f60\u7684timestamp", "device_tokens": "21321321321321", "type": "unicast", "payload": {"body": {"text": "\u6765\u81ea\u53cb\u76df\u63a8\u9001", "after_open": "go_app", "ticker": "Hello World", "title": "\u4f60\u597d"}, "display_type": "notification"}}你的app_master_secret //c#生成的拼接字符串 POSThttp://msg.umeng.com/api/send{"appkey":"你的appkey","timestamp":"你的timestamp","device_tokens":"21321321321321","type":"unicast","payload":{"body":{"ticker":"Hello World","title":"你好","text":"来自友盟推送","after_open":"go_app"},"display_type":"notification"}}你的app_master_secret
仔细对比之后,发现了3点区别:
1.Python生成的字符串post_body部分采用了Unicode编码,而c#则是默认编码
2.Python生成的字符串post_body部分“:”和“,”之后都有空格,格式与c#采用json序列化后的字符串格式不一致
3.Python生成的字符串post_body部分键值对的顺序与c#生成的不一致
问题解决
首先我们使用c#将字符串中post_body部分转成Unicode编码,再将相应键值的位置调整为和Python生成的一致,最后再将缺失的空格添加今日字符串中,完整的程序如下:
private string GetSign() { var param = new { appkey = "你的appkey", timestamp = "你的timestamp", device_tokens = "21321321321321", type = "unicast", payload = new { body = new { text = "来自友盟推送", after_open = "go_app", ticker = "Hello World", title = "你好" }, display_type = "notification" } }; var app_master_secret = "你的app_master_secret"; var method = "POST"; var url = "http://msg.umeng.com/api/send"; var serializer = JsonSerializer.Create(); var jsonWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter(); serializer.Serialize(jsonWriter, param); var post_body = jsonWriter.ToString(); post_body = unicode_js_0(post_body).Replace(":",": ").Replace(",",", "); var str = method + url + post_body + app_master_secret; var sign = MD5(str); return sign; } /// <summary> /// MD5加密 /// </summary> /// <param name="s"></param> /// <returns></returns> private string MD5(string s) { var x = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); var bs = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s); bs = x.ComputeHash(bs); var str = new System.Text.StringBuilder(); foreach (byte b in bs) { str.Append(b.ToString("x2").ToLower()); } return str.ToString(); } /// <summary> /// 中文转unicode(符合js规则的) /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public string unicode_js_0(string str) { var outStr = string.Empty; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(str)) { for (int i = 0; i < str.Length; i++) { if (Regex.IsMatch(str[i].ToString(), @"[\u4e00-\u9fa5]")) { outStr += "\\u" + ((int)str[i]).ToString("x"); } else { outStr += str[i]; } } } return outStr; }
这样就能使得c#程序输出和官方python demo一样的结果了。
总结
下面会进一步的进行与友盟消息推送服务的集成,进一步验证此方案的有效性,若有较好方案,欢迎指教,不甚感激