scrapy中间件中发送邮件
背景介绍:之前写过通过通过scrapy的扩展发送邮件,在爬虫关闭的时候发送邮件。那个时候有个问题就是MailSender
对象需要return
出去。这次需要在中间件中发送邮件,但是中间件中不能随便使用return
了。
import json
import random
import scrapy
from scrapy.http import Response
from scrapy.mail import MailSender
from scrapy.exceptions import IgnoreRequest
from order_spider.databases.connections import redis_db
class LoginTokenMiddleware(object):
def __init__(self,mailer):
self.mailer = mailer
@classmethod
def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
smtphost = crawler.settings.get('MAIL_HOST') # 发送邮件的服务器
mail_port = crawler.settings.get('MAIL_PORT') # 邮件发送者
mailfrom = crawler.settings.get('MAIL_USER') # 邮件发送者
smtppass = crawler.settings.get('MAIL_PASS') # 发送邮箱的密码不是你注册时的密码,而是授权码!!!切记!
mailer = MailSender(smtphost, mailfrom, mailfrom, smtppass, smtpport=mail_port)
return cls(mailer)
def _send_mail(self,subject,body):
return self.mailer.send(to={'feijun.zheng@huijie-inc.com'}, subject=subject, body=body)
def process_request(self, request:scrapy.Request, spider):
#从数据库获取所有的用户session
tokens = redis_db.hgetall("order:xxx")
users = []
for k,v in tokens.items():
#如果用户value有0,代表过期
if "0" not in v:
users.append(k)
if not users:
try:
#通过end_signal判断爬虫是否继续执行
if spider.end_signal:
raise IgnoreRequest
# 设置为True,避免重复发送邮件
spider.end_signal = True
spider.logger.warning("session全部过期请重新添加")
body = 'xxxxx全部过期'
subject = '没有可用的账号,请重新添加'
#mail添加回调,避免出现`exceptions.AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'bio_read'`
self._send_mail(body,subject).addCallback(lambda x: x)
except Exception as e:
spider.logger.exception(e)
finally:
# 没有可用账号,关闭爬虫
spider.crawler.engine.close_spider(spider, "爬虫关闭")
# 忽略后续的请求
raise IgnoreRequest
session_id = random.choice(users)
request.cookies = {"JSESSIONID":session_id}
return None
def process_response(self, request, response:Response, spider):
res = json.loads(response.text)
if res['code'] != 1:
session_id = request.cookies['JSESSIONID']
user = redis_db.hmget("order:xxxx",session_id)[0]
redis_db.hset("order:xxxx",session_id,user+'_0')
spider.logger.info("登录失败,失败原因:%s" %(res['msg']))
body = 'session[%s] 可能已过期\n 失败原因%s'%(session_id,res['msg'])
subject = '账号登录失败提醒'
self._send_mail(body,subject).addCallback(lambda x: x)
return response
推荐还是在扩展中使用发送邮件的功能,可以参考:
scrapy通过扩展发送邮件
还有一个小问题就是:阿里云上默认不能使用25端口,所以你需要使用456端口进行发送,456端口需要使用SSL,需要在原来的基础上做个小修改:
mailer = MailSender(mail_host, mail_user, mail_user, mail_pass, mail_port, smtptls=True, smtpssl=True)
具体参数参考官方文档:
scrapy文档
焚膏油以继晷,恒兀兀以穷年。