线性筛法求质数

个人描述:

这也是一个用空间换时间的方法,速度固然是快,但是你要求多大上限的质数就需要多大上限的数组,这在一定程度上限制的大数的范围。有解决方法?留待以后闲时研究。

应用原理:

因式分解定理: 任何一个非质数都可以分解成质数的连乘积

即:合数 n = pkq (p < q)

因此在删除非质数时,如果已知p是质数,可以先删除p2, p3, p4....,接着找出比p大的而且没有被删除的数q,然后删除pq, p2q, p3q...,一直到pq > n为止。

代码示例:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#define MAX_COUNT 10000

#define NEXT(x) x = next[x]

#define PREV(x) x = prev[x]

#define REMOVE(x) { next[prev[x]] = next[x]; \

                             prev[next[x]] = prev[x];}

#define INIT(n) { unsigned long i; \

                        for(i = 2; i <= n; i++){ \

                             next[i] = i + 1; \

                             prev[i] = i - 1; \

                      } \

                       prev[2] = next[n] = NULL; \

                      }

 

int main(int argc, char** argv)

{

    unsigned long num, count;

    unsigned long prime, factor, multi; 

    unsigned long next[MAX_COUNT + 1];

    unsigned long prev[MAX_COUNT - 1];

   

    printf("%s", "please input the upper num\n");

    scanf("%d", &num);

 

    INIT(num);

   

    for(prime = 2; prime * prime <= num; NEXT(prime))

    {

        for(factor = prime; prime * factor <= num; NEXT(factor))

        {

            for(multi = prime * factor; multi <= num; multi *= prime)

            {

                REMOVE(multi);

            }

        }

    }

    for(prime = 2, count = 0; prime != NULL; NEXT(prime))

    {

         if(count++ % 8 == 0)

         {

              printf("\n");

         }

         printf("%8ld", prime);

     }

     return 0;

}

 
posted @ 2012-12-08 10:18  行者酱油君  阅读(679)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报