关于linux下磁盘相关实验
实验要求：
-
创建一个至少有两个PV组成的大小为20G的名为testvg的VG，要求PE大小为16M，而后在卷组中创建大小为5G的逻辑卷testlv;挂载至/users目录
-
新建用户archlinux,要求其家目录为/users/archlinux，而后su切换至archlinux用户，复制/etc/pam.d/目录至自己的家目录。
-
扩展testlv至7G，要求archlinux用户的文件不能丢失
-
收缩testlv至3G，要求archlinux用户的文件不能丢失
-
对testlv创建快照，并尝试基于快照备份数据，验正快照的功能
-
创建10G的RAID1，要求CHUNK为128K，文件系统为ext4，有一个空闲盘，开机可自动挂载至/backup目录
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创建一个可用空间为10G的RAID10设备，要求CHUNK为256K，文件系统为ext4，开机可自动挂载至/mydata目录
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静态配置网卡IP，centos/ubuntu实现
1.创建一个至少有两个PV组成的大小为20G的名为testvg的VG，要求PE大小为16M，而后在卷组中创建大小为5G的逻辑卷testlv;挂载至/users目录
查看可用磁盘
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 30G 0 disk
sdb 8:16 0 25G 0 disk
sdc 8:32 0 5G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 10.5G 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 40G 0 disk
|-nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
`-nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 39G 0 part
|-rl_10-root 253:0 0 35.1G 0 lvm /
`-rl_10-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP]
对磁盘进行分区
[root@Rocky01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xa4276295.
Command (m for help): m
Help:
DOS (MBR)
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit nested BSD disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
Generic
d delete a partition
F list free unpartitioned space
l list known partition types
n add a new partition
p print the partition table
t change a partition type
v verify the partition table
i print information about a partition
Misc
m print this menu
u change display/entry units
x extra functionality (experts only)
Script
I load disk layout from sfdisk script file
O dump disk layout to sfdisk script file
Save & Exit
w write table to disk and exit
q quit without saving changes
Create a new label
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table
o create a new empty DOS partition table
s create a new empty Sun partition table
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p):
Using default response p.
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-52428799, default 2048): +15G
Value out of range.
First sector (2048-52428799, default 2048):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-52428799, default 52428799):
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 25 GiB.
Command (m for help): q
[root@Rocky01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sd
sda sdb sdc
对磁盘进行分区
[root@Rocky01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xde4dbb7c.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-52428799, default 2048):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-52428799, default 52428799): +15G
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 15 GiB.
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): L
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden or c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi ea Rufus alignment
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD eb BeOS fs
f W95 Extd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ee GPT
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f1 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f4 SpeedStor
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ f2 DOS secondary
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fb VMware VMFS
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fc VMware VMKCORE
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fd Linux raid auto
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bc Acronis FAT32 L fe LANstep
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 25 GiB, 26843545600 bytes, 52428800 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xde4dbb7c
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1 2048 31459327 31457280 15G 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
查看可用磁盘
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 30G 0 disk
sdb 8:16 0 25G 0 disk
`-sdb1 8:17 0 15G 0 part
sdc 8:32 0 5G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 10.5G 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 40G 0 disk
|-nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
`-nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 39G 0 part
|-rl_10-root 253:0 0 35.1G 0 lvm /
`-rl_10-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP]
查看物理卷
[root@Rocky01 ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/nvme0n1p2 rl_10 lvm2 a-- <39.00g 0
查看物理卷
[root@Rocky01 ~]# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/nvme0n1p2
VG Name rl_10
PV Size <39.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 9983
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 9983
PV UUID GoZquN-WqGP-CBuw-3kGB-4pvn-GnwP-95RyU2
查看可用磁盘
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 30G 0 disk
sdb 8:16 0 25G 0 disk
`-sdb1 8:17 0 15G 0 part
sdc 8:32 0 5G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 10.5G 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 40G 0 disk
|-nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
`-nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 39G 0 part
|-rl_10-root 253:0 0 35.1G 0 lvm /
`-rl_10-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP]
创建物理卷
[root@Rocky01 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created.
查看物理卷
[root@Rocky01 ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/nvme0n1p2 rl_10 lvm2 a-- <39.00g 0
/dev/sdb1 lvm2 --- 15.00g 15.00g
/dev/sdc lvm2 --- 5.00g 5.00g
接下来要把他们加入到卷组里
查看卷组
[root@Rocky01 ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
rl_10 1 2 0 wz--n- <39.00g 0
创建名为testvg，PE大小为16M的卷组
[root@Rocky01 ~]# vgcreate -s 16M testvg /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc
Volume group "testvg" successfully created
查看卷组
[root@Rocky01 ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name testvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size <19.97 GiB
PE Size 16.00 MiB
Total PE 1278
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 1278 / <19.97 GiB
VG UUID vZRfib-BH0E-IlrF-3TWv-7hy4-b02e-uWJ6cc
--- Volume group ---
VG Name rl_10
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <39.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 9983
Alloc PE / Size 9983 / <39.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID k0mXuf-dj3h-qat1-GlzF-J5SO-txJU-LE9qOQ
查看物理卷
[root@Rocky01 ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/nvme0n1p2 rl_10 lvm2 a-- <39.00g 0
/dev/sdb1 testvg lvm2 a-- 14.98g 14.98g
/dev/sdc testvg lvm2 a-- 4.98g 4.98g
查看逻辑卷
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/rl_10/swap
LV Name swap
VG Name rl_10
LV UUID He5Eyu-Jewp-Eshr-v2KV-lJHJ-G7t0-T4THJv
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time 10.0.0.130, 2022-11-14 20:55:44 +0800
LV Status available
# open 2
LV Size 3.93 GiB
Current LE 1007
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:1
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/rl_10/root
LV Name root
VG Name rl_10
LV UUID ILYyQb-B574-OtWu-KVa4-SNj1-XDYC-npxs5D
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time 10.0.0.130, 2022-11-14 20:55:44 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 35.06 GiB
Current LE 8976
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:0
查看逻辑卷
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
root rl_10 -wi-ao---- 35.06g
swap rl_10 -wi-ao---- 3.93g
创建大小为5G名字为testlv的逻辑卷
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lvcreate -L 5G -n testlv testvg
Logical volume "testlv" created.
查看逻辑卷
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
root rl_10 -wi-ao---- 35.06g
swap rl_10 -wi-ao---- 3.93g
testlv testvg -wi-a----- 5.00g
查看可用磁盘
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 30G 0 disk
sdb 8:16 0 25G 0 disk
`-sdb1 8:17 0 15G 0 part
`-testvg-testlv 253:2 0 5G 0 lvm
sdc 8:32 0 5G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 10.5G 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 40G 0 disk
|-nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
`-nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 39G 0 part
|-rl_10-root 253:0 0 35.1G 0 lvm /
`-rl_10-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP]
磁盘格式化
[root@Rocky01 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/testvg/testlv
mke2fs 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020)
Creating filesystem with 1310720 4k blocks and 327680 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 0a937001-117f-47b0-891e-efac8f992819
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
查看设备ID
[root@Rocky01 ~]# blkid
/dev/mapper/testvg-testlv: UUID="0a937001-117f-47b0-891e-efac8f992819" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"
配置自动挂载
[root@Rocky01 ~]# vim /etc/fstab
UUID=0a937001-117f-47b0-891e-efac8f992819 /users ext4 defaults 0 0
创建自动挂载目录
[root@Rocky01 ~]# mkdir /users
[root@Rocky01 ~]# mount -a
显示系统上可使用的磁盘空间
[root@Rocky01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 1.8G 0 1.8G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 9.0M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rl_10-root 36G 1.9G 34G 6% /
/dev/nvme0n1p1 1014M 210M 805M 21% /boot
tmpfs 371M 0 371M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/testvg-testlv 4.9G 20M 4.6G 1% /users
2.新建用户archlinux,要求其家目录为/users/archlinux，而后su切换至archlinux用户，复制/etc/pam.d/目录至自己的家目录
创建用户archlinux
[root@Rocky01 ~]# useradd -d /users/archlinux -m archlinux
[root@Rocky01 ~]# su archlinux
[archlinux@Rocky01 root]$ ll /etc/pam.d/
total 92
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 232 Apr 12 2022 config-util
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 322 Apr 20 2022 crond
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 701 Apr 12 2022 fingerprint-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 715 May 10 2022 login
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 154 Apr 12 2022 other
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 168 Apr 20 2022 passwd
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 760 Apr 12 2022 password-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 155 Apr 13 2022 polkit-1
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 398 Apr 12 2022 postlogin
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 640 May 10 2022 remote
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 143 May 10 2022 runuser
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 138 May 10 2022 runuser-l
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 743 Apr 12 2022 smartcard-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 727 Apr 12 2022 sshd
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 214 Apr 16 2022 sssd-shadowutils
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 566 May 10 2022 su
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 137 May 10 2022 su-l
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 154 Apr 20 2022 sudo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 178 Apr 20 2022 sudo-i
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 760 Apr 12 2022 system-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 248 May 9 2022 systemd-user
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 84 Mar 15 2021 vlock
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 159 Apr 13 2022 vmtoolsd
复制/etc/pam.d/目录至自己的家目录
[archlinux@Rocky01 root]$ cp -a /etc/pam.d/ /users/archlinux/
[archlinux@Rocky01 root]$ cd
[archlinux@Rocky01 ~]$ ll /users/archlinux/pam.d/
total 92
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 232 Apr 12 2022 config-util
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 322 Apr 20 2022 crond
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 701 Apr 12 2022 fingerprint-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 715 May 10 2022 login
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 154 Apr 12 2022 other
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 168 Apr 20 2022 passwd
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 760 Apr 12 2022 password-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 155 Apr 13 2022 polkit-1
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 398 Apr 12 2022 postlogin
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 640 May 10 2022 remote
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 143 May 10 2022 runuser
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 138 May 10 2022 runuser-l
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 743 Apr 12 2022 smartcard-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 727 Apr 12 2022 sshd
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 214 Apr 16 2022 sssd-shadowutils
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 566 May 10 2022 su
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 137 May 10 2022 su-l
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 154 Apr 20 2022 sudo
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 178 Apr 20 2022 sudo-i
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 760 Apr 12 2022 system-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 248 May 9 2022 systemd-user
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 84 Mar 15 2021 vlock
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 159 Apr 13 2022 vmtoolsd
[archlinux@Rocky01 ~]$
3.扩展testlv至7G，要求archlinux用户的文件不能丢失
查看卷组
[root@Rocky01 ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
rl_10 1 2 0 wz--n- <39.00g 0
testvg 2 1 0 wz--n- <19.97g <14.97g
扩容
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lvextend -r -L +2G /dev/testvg/testlv
Size of logical volume testvg/testlv changed from 5.00 GiB (320 extents) to 7.00 GiB (448 extents).
Logical volume testvg/testlv successfully resized.
resize2fs 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv is mounted on /users; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv is now 1835008 (4k) blocks long.
[root@Rocky01 ~]# df -H
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 2.0G 9.5M 2.0G 1% /run
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rl_10-root 38G 2.1G 36G 6% /
/dev/nvme0n1p1 1.1G 220M 844M 21% /boot
/dev/mapper/testvg-testlv 7.4G 24M 7.0G 1% /users
tmpfs 389M 0 389M 0% /run/user/0
4.收缩testlv至3G，要求archlinux用户的文件不能丢失
卸载自动挂载目录
[root@Rocky01 ~]# umount /users/
缩容
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lvreduce -L 3G -r /dev/testvg/testlv
fsck from util-linux 2.32.1
/dev/mapper/testvg-testlv: 40/458752 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 50972/1835008 blocks
resize2fs 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv to 786432 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv is now 786432 (4k) blocks long.
Size of logical volume testvg/testlv changed from 7.00 GiB (448 extents) to 3.00 GiB (192 extents).
Logical volume testvg/testlv successfully resized.
重新挂载目录
[root@Rocky01 ~]# mount /dev/testvg/testlv /users/
[root@Rocky01 ~]# df -H
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 2.0G 9.5M 2.0G 1% /run
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rl_10-root 38G 2.1G 36G 6% /
/dev/nvme0n1p1 1.1G 220M 844M 21% /boot
tmpfs 389M 0 389M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/testvg-testlv 3.2G 16M 3.0G 1% /users
查看逻辑卷
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
root rl_10 -wi-ao---- 35.06g
swap rl_10 -wi-ao---- 3.93g
testlv testvg -wi-ao---- 3.00g
查看原文件是否丢失
[root@Rocky01 ~]# ll /users/archlinux/pam.d/
total 92
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 232 Apr 12 2022 config-util
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 322 Apr 20 2022 crond
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 701 Apr 12 2022 fingerprint-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 715 May 10 2022 login
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 154 Apr 12 2022 other
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 168 Apr 20 2022 passwd
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 760 Apr 12 2022 password-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 155 Apr 13 2022 polkit-1
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 398 Apr 12 2022 postlogin
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 640 May 10 2022 remote
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 143 May 10 2022 runuser
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 138 May 10 2022 runuser-l
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 743 Apr 12 2022 smartcard-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 727 Apr 12 2022 sshd
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 214 Apr 16 2022 sssd-shadowutils
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 566 May 10 2022 su
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 137 May 10 2022 su-l
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 154 Apr 20 2022 sudo
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 178 Apr 20 2022 sudo-i
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 760 Apr 12 2022 system-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 248 May 9 2022 systemd-user
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 84 Mar 15 2021 vlock
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 159 Apr 13 2022 vmtoolsd
[root@Rocky01 ~]#
5.对testlv创建快照，并尝试基于快照备份数据
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 30G 0 disk
sdb 8:16 0 25G 0 disk
`-sdb1 8:17 0 15G 0 part
`-testvg-testlv 253:2 0 3G 0 lvm /users
sdc 8:32 0 5G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 10.5G 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 40G 0 disk
|-nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
`-nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 39G 0 part
|-rl_10-root 253:0 0 35.1G 0 lvm /
`-rl_10-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP]
创建快照
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lvcreate -n testlv-snapshot -s -p r -L 1G /dev/testvg/testlv
Logical volume "testlv-snapshot" created.
查看逻辑卷
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/testvg/testlv
LV Name testlv
VG Name testvg
LV UUID NIFwVf-Go1Y-JvQN-TR0M-SGUs-TqMQ-jCkQd9
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time Rocky01, 2022-12-05 18:52:00 +0800
LV snapshot status source of
testlv-snapshot [active]
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 3.00 GiB
Current LE 192
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:2
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/testvg/testlv-snapshot
LV Name testlv-snapshot
VG Name testvg
LV UUID IYXNC1-YGcb-FSUp-Q5rd-yNrm-1yLn-1cZ238
LV Write Access read only
LV Creation host, time Rocky01, 2022-12-05 20:22:14 +0800
LV snapshot status active destination for testlv
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 3.00 GiB
Current LE 192
COW-table size 1.00 GiB
COW-table LE 64
Allocated to snapshot 0.01%
Snapshot chunk size 4.00 KiB
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:5
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/rl_10/swap
LV Name swap
VG Name rl_10
LV UUID He5Eyu-Jewp-Eshr-v2KV-lJHJ-G7t0-T4THJv
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time 10.0.0.130, 2022-11-14 20:55:44 +0800
LV Status available
# open 2
LV Size 3.93 GiB
Current LE 1007
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:1
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/rl_10/root
LV Name root
VG Name rl_10
LV UUID ILYyQb-B574-OtWu-KVa4-SNj1-XDYC-npxs5D
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time 10.0.0.130, 2022-11-14 20:55:44 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 35.06 GiB
Current LE 8976
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:0
验正快照的功能
[root@Rocky01 ~]# ll /dev/testvg/test*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Dec 5 20:22 /dev/testvg/testlv -> ../dm-2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Dec 5 20:22 /dev/testvg/testlv-snapshot -> ../dm-5
[root@Rocky01 ~]# ls /mnt
hgfs
执行挂载
[root@Rocky01 ~]# mount /dev/testvg/testlv-snapshot /mnt
mount: /mnt: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.
[root@Rocky01 ~]# ls /mnt/
archlinux lost+found
删除用户文件，查看快照中是否还存在
[root@Rocky01 ~]# rm -rf /users/archlinux/pam.d/config-util
[root@Rocky01 ~]# cat /users/archlinux/pam.d/config-util
cat: /users/archlinux/pam.d/config-util: No such file or directory
[root@Rocky01 ~]# ll /users/archlinux/pam.d/config-util
ls: cannot access '/users/archlinux/pam.d/config-util': No such file or directory
[root@Rocky01 ~]# ll /users/archlinux/pam.d/
total 88
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 322 Apr 20 2022 crond
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 701 Apr 12 2022 fingerprint-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 715 May 10 2022 login
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 154 Apr 12 2022 other
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 168 Apr 20 2022 passwd
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 760 Apr 12 2022 password-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 155 Apr 13 2022 polkit-1
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 398 Apr 12 2022 postlogin
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 640 May 10 2022 remote
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 143 May 10 2022 runuser
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 138 May 10 2022 runuser-l
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 743 Apr 12 2022 smartcard-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 727 Apr 12 2022 sshd
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 214 Apr 16 2022 sssd-shadowutils
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 566 May 10 2022 su
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 137 May 10 2022 su-l
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 154 Apr 20 2022 sudo
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 178 Apr 20 2022 sudo-i
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 760 Apr 12 2022 system-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 248 May 9 2022 systemd-user
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 84 Mar 15 2021 vlock
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 159 Apr 13 2022 vmtoolsd
取消所有挂载
[root@Rocky01 ~]# umount /mnt/
[root@Rocky01 ~]# umount /users/
执行快照恢复
[root@Rocky01 ~]# lvconvert --merge /dev/testvg/testlv-snapshot
Merging of volume testvg/testlv-snapshot started.
testvg/testlv: Merged: 100.00%
重新挂载
[root@Rocky01 ~]# mount /dev/testvg/testlv /users/
查看文件发现文件基于快照恢复
[root@Rocky01 ~]# ll /users/archlinux/pam.d/
total 92
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 232 Apr 12 2022 config-util
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 322 Apr 20 2022 crond
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 701 Apr 12 2022 fingerprint-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 715 May 10 2022 login
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 154 Apr 12 2022 other
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 168 Apr 20 2022 passwd
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 760 Apr 12 2022 password-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 155 Apr 13 2022 polkit-1
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 398 Apr 12 2022 postlogin
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 640 May 10 2022 remote
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 143 May 10 2022 runuser
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 138 May 10 2022 runuser-l
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 743 Apr 12 2022 smartcard-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 727 Apr 12 2022 sshd
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 214 Apr 16 2022 sssd-shadowutils
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 566 May 10 2022 su
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 137 May 10 2022 su-l
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 154 Apr 20 2022 sudo
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 178 Apr 20 2022 sudo-i
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 760 Apr 12 2022 system-auth
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 248 May 9 2022 systemd-user
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 84 Mar 15 2021 vlock
-rw-r--r--. 1 archlinux archlinux 159 Apr 13 2022 vmtoolsd
[root@Rocky01 ~]#
6.创建10G的RAID1，要求CHUNK为128K，文件系统为ext4，有一个空闲盘，开机可自动挂载至/backup目录
| 参数 | 解释 |
|---|---|
| -C | 用未使用的设备，创建raid |
| -a | yes or no，自动创建阵列设备 |
| -A | 激活磁盘阵列 |
| -n | 指定设备数量 |
| -l | 指定raid级别 |
| -v | 显示过程 |
| -S | 停止RAID阵列 |
| -D | 显示阵列详细信息 |
| -f | 移除设备 |
| -x | 指定阵列中备用盘的数量 |
| -s | 扫描配置文件或/proc/mdstat，得到阵列信息 |
查看是否安装制作磁盘阵列的软件mdadm
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -q mdadm
未安装软件包 mdadm
安装mdadm
[root@centos7 ~]# yum -y install mdadm
[root@centos7 ~]# mdadm -Cv /dev/md0 -a yes -l 1 -n 2 -x 1 -c 128K /dev/sd{b,c,d}
mdadm: chunk size ignored for this level
mdadm: Note: this array has metadata at the start and
may not be suitable as a boot device. If you plan to
store '/boot' on this device please ensure that
your boot-loader understands md/v1.x metadata, or use
--metadata=0.90
mdadm: size set to 20954112K
mdadm: largest drive (/dev/sdc) exceeds size (20954112K) by more than 1%
Continue creating array? y
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.
查看磁盘信息
[root@centos7 ~]# fdisk -l
磁盘 /dev/md0：21.5 GB, 21457010688 字节，41908224 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
[root@centos7 ~]# fdisk -l | grep /dev/md0
磁盘 /dev/md0：21.5 GB, 21457010688 字节，41908224 个扇区
查看磁盘阵列信息
[root@centos7 ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Sun Dec 25 16:09:14 2022
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Used Dev Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 3
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sun Dec 25 16:10:45 2022
State : clean, resyncing
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 3
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 1
Consistency Policy : resync
Resync Status : 88% complete
Name : centos7:0 (local to host centos7)
UUID : ba18162b:a8fe98c8:7cf6aa52:98bed93d
Events : 14
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb
1 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc
2 8 48 - spare /dev/sdd
对新建的raid1磁盘进行格式化
[root@centos7 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1310720 inodes, 5238528 blocks
261926 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2153775104
160 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000
Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
创建自动挂载目录
[root@centos7 ~]# mkdir /backup
自动挂载
[root@centos7 ~]# mount /dev/md0 /backup/
查看磁盘使用情况
[root@centos7 ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/md0 20G 45M 19G 1% /backup
查看硬盘ID
[root@centos7 ~]# blkid
/dev/md0: UUID="89330271-5a5b-4eb9-ae87-726681f36d32" TYPE="ext4"
将自动挂载信息写入fstab文件
[root@centos7 ~]# echo "UUID=89330271-5a5b-4eb9-ae87-726681f36d32 /backup ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
挂载
[root@centos7 ~]# mount -a
查看磁盘使用情况
[root@centos7 ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/md0 20G 45M 19G 1% /backup
创建文件测速磁盘可用性
[root@centos7 ~]# touch /backup/{1..10}.txt
[root@centos7 ~]# ll /backup/
总用量 16
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:21 10.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:21 1.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:21 2.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:21 3.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:21 4.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:21 5.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:21 6.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:21 7.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:21 8.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:21 9.txt
drwx------. 2 root root 16384 12月 25 16:11 lost+found
继续使刚才创建RAID1使用的硬盘，所以先删除RAID1再创建RAID10
卸载磁盘
[root@centos7 ~]# umount /backup/
停止raid服务
[root@centos7 ~]# mdadm -S /dev/md0
mdadm: stopped /dev/md0
[root@centos7 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 40G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 39G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 35.1G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 3.9G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk
sdc 8:32 0 25G 0 disk
sdd 8:48 0 25G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 973M 0 rom
卸载raid中的所有硬盘
[root@centos7 ~]# mdadm --misc --zero-superblock /dev/sdb
[root@centos7 ~]# mdadm --misc --zero-superblock /dev/sdc
[root@centos7 ~]# mdadm --misc --zero-superblock /dev/sdd
[root@centos7 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk
sdc 8:32 0 25G 0 disk
sdd 8:48 0 25G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 973M 0 rom
删除fsbtab里的自动挂载配置
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/fstab
[root@centos7 ~]# reboot
7.创建一个可用空间为10G的RAID10设备，要求CHUNK为256K，文件系统为ext4，开机可自动挂载至/mydata目录
[root@centos7 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk
sdc 8:32 0 25G 0 disk
sdd 8:48 0 25G 0 disk
sde 8:64 0 20G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 973M 0 rom
创建一个可用空间为10G的RAID10设备
[root@centos7 ~]# mdadm -Cv /dev/md0 -a yes -l 10 -n 4 -c 256K /dev/sd{b,c,d,e}
mdadm: layout defaults to n2
mdadm: layout defaults to n2
mdadm: size set to 20954112K
mdadm: largest drive (/dev/sdc) exceeds size (20954112K) by more than 1%
Continue creating array? y
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.
查看磁盘信息
[root@centos7 ~]# fdisk -l | grep /dev/md0
磁盘 /dev/md0：42.9 GB, 42914021376 字节，83816448 个扇区
对创建的raid磁盘进行格式化
[root@centos7 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=64 blocks, Stripe width=128 blocks
2621440 inodes, 10477056 blocks
523852 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2157969408
320 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624
Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
查看磁盘阵列信息
[root@centos7 ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Sun Dec 25 18:28:17 2022
Raid Level : raid10
Array Size : 41908224 (39.97 GiB 42.91 GB)
Used Dev Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Raid Devices : 4
Total Devices : 4
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sun Dec 25 18:29:35 2022
State : clean, resyncing
Active Devices : 4
Working Devices : 4
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Layout : near=2
Chunk Size : 256K
Consistency Policy : resync
Resync Status : 41% complete
Name : centos7:0 (local to host centos7)
UUID : bb4073f5:c18ef448:8aa4cee7:132d8971
Events : 8
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync set-A /dev/sdb
1 8 32 1 active sync set-B /dev/sdc
2 8 48 2 active sync set-A /dev/sdd
3 8 64 3 active sync set-B /dev/sde
创建自动挂载目录
[root@centos7 ~]# mkdir /mydata
[root@centos7 ~]# ll /mydata/
总用量 0
将磁盘挂载至/mydata/目录
[root@centos7 ~]# mount /dev/md0 /mydata/
查看磁盘使用情况
[root@centos7 ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/md0 40G 49M 38G 1% /mydata
查看硬盘ID
[root@centos7 ~]# blkid
/dev/md0: UUID="a368e077-0c8b-4c04-8dfc-2c7cab90d3fd" TYPE="ext4"
配置自动挂载
[root@centos7 ~]# echo "UUID=a368e077-0c8b-4c04-8dfc-2c7cab90d3fd /mydata ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
挂载
[root@centos7 ~]# mount -a
查看磁盘情况
[root@centos7 ~]# lsblk
sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk
└─md0 9:0 0 40G 0 raid10 /mydata
sdc 8:32 0 25G 0 disk
└─md0 9:0 0 40G 0 raid10 /mydata
sdd 8:48 0 25G 0 disk
└─md0 9:0 0 40G 0 raid10 /mydata
sde 8:64 0 20G 0 disk
└─md0 9:0 0 40G 0 raid10 /mydata
sr0 11:0 1 973M 0 rom
创建文件验证新建磁盘可用情况
[root@centos7 ~]# touch /mydata/{a..k}.txt
[root@centos7 ~]# ll /mydata/
总用量 16
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:33 a.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:33 b.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:33 c.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:33 d.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:33 e.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:33 f.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:33 g.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:33 h.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:33 i.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:33 j.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 25 18:33 k.txt
drwx------. 2 root root 16384 12月 25 18:29 lost+found
[root@centos7 ~]#
8.静态配置网卡IP，centos/ubuntu实现
rocky8
参数说明
TYPE 接口类型；常见有的Ethernet, Bridge
NAME 此配置文件应用到的设备
DEVICE 设备名
HWADDR 对应的设备的MAC地址
UUID 设备的惟一标识
BOOTPROTO 激活此设备时使用的地址配置协议，常用的dhcp, static, none, bootp
IPADDR 指明IP地址
NETMASK 子网掩码,如:255.255.255.0
PREFIX 网络ID的位数, 如:24
GATEWAY 默认网关
DNS1 第一个DNS服务器地址
DNS2 第二个DNS服务器地址
DOMAIN 主机不完整时，自动搜索的域名后缀
ONBOOT 在系统引导时是否激活此设备
USERCTL 普通用户是否可控制此设备
PEERDNS
如果BOOTPROTO的值为“dhcp”，YES将允许dhcp server分配的dns服务器信息直接覆盖至/etc/resolv.conf文件，NO不允许修改resolv.conf
[root@Rocky01 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens160
DEVICE=ens160
NAME=ens160
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=10.0.0.140
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=10.0.0.2
DNS1=223.5.5.5
DNS2=114.114.114.114
[root@Rocky01 ~]# nmcli connection reload
[root@Rocky01 ~]# nmcli connection up eth0
centos6
service network restart
centos7
systemctl restart network
[root@Rocky01 ~]# ip a s
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:c5:c9:12 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.0.0.140/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute ens160
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
ubuntu
root@ubuntu2004:~# vim /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml
# This is the network config written by 'subiquity'
network:
ethernets:
ens33:
addresses:
- 10.0.0.148/24
gateway4: 10.0.0.2
nameservers:
addresses:
- 223.5.5.5
- 114.114.114.114
search: []
version: 2
root@ubuntu2004:~# ip a s
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:4d:65:ca brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.0.0.148/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe4d:65ca/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@ubuntu2004:~#
