Android通过反射获取资源ID
通过反射获取布局文件:
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); int id = this.getResources().getIdentifier("layout_test", "layout", this.getPackageName()); LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(this); View view = inflater.inflate(id, null); setContentView(view); }
使用getResources().getIdentifier(),传入三个参数:布局文件名,资源类型,包名;返回值为资源的ID。
使用:包名+“:”+“layout/layout_name”获取layout控件:
int id =getResources().getIdentifier(getPackageName()+":layout/layout_test",null,null); LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(this); View view = inflater.inflate(id, null); setContentView(view);
使用ID获取控件:
int imageViewId = getResources().getIdentifier("id_layout_test_image", "id", getPackageName()); ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(imageViewId);
使用图片名获取图片:
int drawableId = getResources().getIdentifier("bjmgf_sdk_cup", "drawable", getPackageName()); Drawable res = getResources().getDrawable(drawableId);
或者使用URI获取图片:
String uri = "@drawable/bjmgf_sdk_cup"; int imageResource = getResources().getIdentifier(uri, null, getPackageName()); Drawable res = getResources().getDrawable(imageResource);
在开发属于自己的控件,用到了attr自定义属性,在期间发现一个问题,即styleable的数值无法使用context.getResources().getIdentifier来获取,结果永远都是0,而且styleable中还包括数组数据,所以最后还是用java的反射方法来获取
xml文件中的定义格式:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <declare-styleable name="TestMySelfTextView"> <attr name="myTextColor" format="color"></attr> <attr name="myTextSize" format="dimension" /> <attr name="myString" format="string" /> </declare-styleable> </resources>
R文件中的styleable子类中的属性字段格式:
public static final class styleable { public static final int[] TestMySelfTextView= { 0x7f01000a, 0x7f01000b,0x7f01000c }; public static final int TestMySelfTextView_myTextColor = 0; public static final int TestMySelfTextView_myTextSize = 1; public static final int TestMySelfTextView_myString = 2; }
读取方式:遍历R类得到styleable数组资源下的子资源,1.先找到R类下的styleable子类,2.遍历styleable类获得字段值
根据名字获取int数组:
public static int[] getStyleableIntArray(Context context, String name) { try { Field[] fields = Class.forName(context.getPackageName() + ".R$styleable").getFields();//.与$ difference,$表示R的子类 for (Field field : fields) { if (field.getName().equals(name)) { int ret[] = (int[]) field.get(null); return ret; } } } catch (Throwable e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; }
利用int数组,获得TypeArray:调用Context#obtainStyledAttributes(),参数attrs是自定义view的构造器传入参数
int[] a = ResourceId.getStyleableIntArray(context, "TestMySelfTextView"); TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, a);
通过TypeArray#getString()获取配置资源:
typedArray.getString(ResourceId.getStyleableFieldId(context, "TestMySelfTextView", "myString"))
这里获取资源ID的方式和获取styleable int数组不同,这里直接返回int值:
/** * 遍历R类得到styleable数组资源下的子资源,1.先找到R类下的styleable子类,2.遍历styleable类获得字段值 * * @param context * @param styleableName * @param styleableFieldName * @return */ public static int getStyleableFieldId(Context context, String styleableName, String styleableFieldName) { String className = context.getPackageName() + ".R"; String type = "styleable"; String name = styleableName + "_" + styleableFieldName; try { Class<?> cla = Class.forName(className); for (Class<?> childClass : cla.getClasses()) { String simpleName = childClass.getSimpleName(); if (simpleName.equals(type)) { for (Field field : childClass.getFields()) { String fieldName = field.getName(); if (fieldName.equals(name)) { return (int) field.get(null); } } } } } catch (Throwable e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return 0; }