UNIT 7. Present perfect (1) P6
past participle 过去时态
The past participle often ends in -ed
1. 我们用现在完成时时，这里通常都有一个和目前的联系。通常指Action过去了，但是有个现在的结果。
where's my key? I've lost it.
he told me his name but I've forgotten it.
2. 我们通常用现在完成时，给出一个新的消息或者宣称一件近期发生的事情。
I've cut my finger.
The road is closed. There's been an accident.
3. 可以在present perfect时态里，用 Just, already 和 yet.
Just == a short time ago. 刚刚。
Hello. have you just arrived?
I've just had lunch.
already == something happened sooner than expected. 比想象的要早发生。
I've already posted it.
He's already gone.
yet == until now 直到现在的意思，用于表现说话者期待一件事情发生。只用于疑问句和否定句。
Has it stopped raining yet?
I've written the letter but I haven't posted it yet.
4. gone to 和 been to 的区别。
He's been to Italy. (去过)
He's gone to Italy. （现在正在路上）
练习
@p15
EXERCISES
7.1 You are writing a letter to a friend. In the letter you give news about yourself and other people. Use the
words given to make sentences. Use the present perfect.
Dear Chris,
Lots of things have happened since I last wrote to you.
1. I/buy/a new car
I've bought a new car.
2. my father/start/a new job
My father has started a new job.
3. I/give up/smoking
I've given up smoking.
4. Charles and Sarah/go/to Brazil
Charles and Sarah have gone to Brazil.
5. Suzanne/have/a baby
Suzanne's had a baby.
7.2 Read the situations and write sentences. Choose one of the following:
arrive break go up grow improve lose
1. Mike is looking for his key. He can't find it. He has lost his key.
2. Margaret can't walk and her leg is in plaster. --She has broken her leg.
3. Maria's English wasn't very good. Now it is much better. --Maria has improved her English.
4. Tim didn't have a beard last month. Now he has a beard. -- Tim has grown a beard.
5. This morning I was expecting a letter. Now I have it. ---The letter has arrived.
6. Last week the bus fare was 80 pence. Now it is 90. ---The bus fare has gone up.
7.3 Complete Bs sentences. Use the verb in brackets + just/already/yet (as sbown).
1. A: Would you like something to eat?
B: No, thanks. I've just had lunch. (just/have)
2. A: Do you know where Julia is?
B: Yes, I --- her. (just/see) Yes, I've just seen her.
3. A: What time is David leaving?
B: He --- (already/leave) He's already left.
4. A: What's in the newspaper today?
B: I don't know. I --- (not/read/yet) I've not read it yet.
5. A: Is Ann coming to the cinema with us?
B: No, she --- the film. (already/see) She's already seen the film
6. A: Are your friends here yet?
B: Yes, they --- (just/arrive)
7. A: What does Tim think about your plan?
B: I --- (not/tell/yet)
7.4 Read the situations and write sentences with just, already or yet.
1. After lunch you go to see a friend at her house. She says 'Would you like something to eat?'
You say: No, thank you. I've just had lunch. (have lunch)
2. Joe goes out. Five minutes later, the phone rings and the caller says 'Can I speak to Joe?'
You say: I'm afraid --- (go out)
3. You are eating in a restaurant. The waiter thinks you have finished and starts to take your plate away.
You say: Wait a minute! --- (not/finish)
4. You are going to a restaurant this evening. You phone to reserve a table. Later your friend says 'Shall I phone
to reserve a table?'
You say: No --- it. (do)
5. You know that a friend of yours is looking for a job. Perhaps she has been successful. Ask her.
You say: ---? (find)
6. Ann went to the bank, but a few minutes ago she returned. Somebody asks 'Is Ann still at the bank?'
You say: No, --- (come back)
7.5 Put in been or gone.
1. Jim is on holiday. He's gone to Italy.
2. Hello! I've just --- to the shops. I've bought lots of things.
3. Alice isn't here at the moment. She's --- to the shop to get a newspaper.
4. Tom has. --- out. He'll be back in about an hour.
5. 'Are you going to the bank?' 'No, I've already --- to the bank.'
