MySQL多实例部署
多实例部署MySQL
下载MySQL软件包
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
创建MySQL用户
[root@localhost src]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
创建软连接
[root@localhost src]# ln -s mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
修改目录/usr/src/mysql的属主属组
[root@localhost src]# ll /usr/src/mysql
lrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 36 7月 03 22:03 /usr/src/mysql -> mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
配置环境变量
[root@localhost src]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/src/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost src]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost src]# echo $PATH
/usr/src/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
创建各实例数据库存放达到目录
[root@localhost data]# mkdir -p /opt/data/{3306,3307,3308}
修改/opt/data目录的属主和属主
[root@localhost data]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
初始化各个实例
3306实例初始化
[root@localhost data]# mysqld --initialize --datadir=/opt/data/3306 --user=mysql
2022-07-03T22:40:10.553518Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-07-03T22:40:11.174129Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-07-03T22:40:11.315106Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-07-03T22:40:11.334046Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 3285bb8e-0747-11ec-8d24-000c29b869b7.
2022-07-03T22:40:11.335272Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-07-03T22:40:11.938447Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-07-03T22:40:12.292856Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: sf1P%DNitRwl
[root@node2 data]# echo 'sf1P%DNitRwl' > 3306_password
3307实例初始化
[root@localhost data]# mysqld --initialize --datadir=/opt/data/3307 --user=mysql
2022-07-03T23:07:06.328966Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-07-03T23:07.815655Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-07-03T23:07:06.889250Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-07-03T23:07:06.900944Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 7767d7bf-0747-11ec-b755-000c29b869b7.
2022-07-03T23:07:06.901943Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-07-03T23:07:08.200956Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-07-03T23:07:08.298757Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: s?aIZf-sV2l>
[root@localhost data]# echo 's?aIZf-sV2l>' > 3307_password
3308实例初始化
[root@localhost data]# mysqld --initialize --datadir=/opt/data/3308 --user=mysql
2022-07-03T23:08:26.715767Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-07-03T23:08:27.193179Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-07-03T23:08:27.275084Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-07-03T23:08:27.290861Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: a7525ee4-0747-11ec-ab93-000c29b869b7.
2022-07-03T23:08:27.291757Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-07-03T23:08:28.159963Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-07-03T23:08:28.256708Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: (J?siJDh(9hu
[root@localhost data]# echo '(J?siJDh(9hu' > 3308_password
安装Perl
[root@localhost data]# yum -y install perl
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
上次元数据过期检查：0:39:09 前，执行于 2022年07月03日 星期五 23时10分33秒。
软件包 perl-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64 已安装。
依赖关系解决。
无需任何处理。
完毕！
// 配置mysql的配置文件
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/src/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/src/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
[mysqld3306]
datadir = /opt/data/3306
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/3306/mysql_3306.pid
log_error = /var/log/3306.log
[mysqld3307]
datadir = /opt/data/3307
port = 3307
socket = /tmp/mysql3307.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/3307/mysql_3307.pid
log_error = /var/log/3307.log
[mysqld3308]
datadir = /opt/data/3308
port = 3308
socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/3308/mysql_3308.pid
log_error = /var/log/3308.log
// 启动各个实例
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld_multi start 3306
Wide character in print at /usr/src/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi line 678.
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld_multi start 3307
Wide character in print at /usr/src/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi line 678.
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld_multi start 3308
Wide character in print at /usr/src/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi line 678.
[root@localhost ~]# ss -anlt
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3307 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3308 *:*
初始化各个数据库的密码
3307和3308数据库同下
若进入数据库失败请安装libncurses*
yum install libncurses*
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'sf1P%DNitRwl' -h127.0.0.1 -P3306
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.37
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> set password = password('1');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
设置开启自启
[root@localhost init.d]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service ./mysqld.service
[root@localhost init.d]# vim mysqld.service
[root@localhost init.d]# mv ./mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@localhost init.d]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=Mysqld server daemon
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/src/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start
Execstop=/usr/bin/kill -KILL $MAINPID
KillMode=process
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@localhost support-files]# pwd
/usr/src/mysql/support-files
[root@localhost support-files]# cd /usr/src/mysql/support-files/
[root@localhost support-files]# cp -a mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi
[rootlocalhost support-files]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi
export PATH=/usr/src/mysql/bin:$PATH
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@localhost support-files]# service mysqld_multi start
[root@localhost support-files]# ss -anlt
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3307 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3308 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
最后添加mysqld_multi服务就可以实现开机自启
[root@localhost init.d]# chkconfig --add mysqld_multi
若想关闭MySQL服务需要使用pkill mysqld命令进行关闭
手动开启的命令是：
[root@localhost init.d]# service mysqld_multi start
