实验五

任务一

源代码(1):

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 5

void input(int x[], int n);
void output(int x[], int n);
void find_min_max(int x[], int n, int *pmin, int *pmax);

int main() {
int a[N];
int min, max;

printf("录入%d个数据:\n", N);
input(a, N);

printf("数据是: \n");
output(a, N);

printf("数据处理...\n");
find_min_max(a, N, &min, &max);

printf("输出结果:\n");
printf("min = %d, max = %d\n", min, max);

return 0;
}

void input(int x[], int n) {
int i;

for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
scanf("%d", &x[i]);
}

void output(int x[], int n) {
int i;

for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
printf("%d ", x[i]);
printf("\n");
}

void find_min_max(int x[], int n, int *pmin, int *pmax) {
int i;

*pmin = *pmax = x[0];

for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
if(x[i] < *pmin)
*pmin = x[i];
else if(x[i] > *pmax)
*pmax = x[i];
}

运行结果(1):

问题1:求出数组中最大值和最小值的地址

问题2:指向数组x[]的首地址

源代码(2):

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 5

void input(int x[], int n);
void output(int x[], int n);
int *find_max(int x[], int n);

int main() {
    int a[N];
    int *pmax;

    printf("录入%d个数据:\n", N);
    input(a, N);

    printf("数据是: \n");
    output(a, N);

    printf("数据处理...\n");
    pmax = find_max(a, N);

    printf("输出结果:\n");
    printf("max = %d\n", *pmax);

    return 0;
}

void input(int x[], int n) {
    int i;

    for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
        scanf("%d", &x[i]);
}

void output(int x[], int n) {
    int i;
    
    for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
        printf("%d ", x[i]);
    printf("\n");
}

int *find_max(int x[], int n) {
    int max_index = 0;
    int i;

    for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
        if(x[i] > x[max_index])
            max_index = i;
    
    return &x[max_index];
}

运行结果(2)

问题1 求出数组的最大值

问题2 可以

 

任务二

源代码(1):

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define N 80

int main() {
    char s1[N] = "Learning makes me happy";
    char s2[N] = "Learning makes me sleepy";
    char tmp[N];

    printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
    printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
    printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));

    printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
    printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
    printf("s2: %s\n", s2);

    printf("\nswapping...\n");
    strcpy(tmp, s1);
    strcpy(s1, s2);
    strcpy(s2, tmp);

    printf("\nafter swap: \n");
    printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
    printf("s2: %s\n", s2);

    return 0;
}

运行结果(1):

问题1  23;s1[]占用字节数;s1[]字符个数

问题2  不能,不可以直接给数组赋值

问题3  交换

源代码(2)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define N 80

int main() {
    char *s1 = "Learning makes me happy";
    char *s2 = "Learning makes me sleepy";
    char *tmp;

    printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
    printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
    printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));

    printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
    printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
    printf("s2: %s\n", s2);

    printf("\nswapping...\n");
    tmp = s1;
    s1 = s2;
    s2 = tmp;

    printf("\nafter swap: \n");
    printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
    printf("s2: %s\n", s2);

    return 0;
}

运行结果(2)

问题1  指针s1存放字符串常量“Learning makes me happy"的首地址

           指针变量s1在内存中所占字节数

           字符串长度

问题2 可以

          第一个line6是定义一个数组存储语句,第二个line6是定义一个指针指向语句的地址

问题3 没有交换

 

任务三 

源代码:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int x[2][4] = {{1, 9, 8, 4}, {2, 0, 4, 9}};
    int i, j;
    int *ptr1;     
    int(*ptr2)[4]; 

    printf("输出1: 使用数组名、下标直接访问二维数组元素\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
        for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
            printf("%d ", x[i][j]);
        printf("\n");
    }

    printf("\n输出2: 使用指针变量ptr1(指向元素)间接访问\n");
    for (ptr1 = &x[0][0], i = 0; ptr1 < &x[0][0] + 8; ++ptr1, ++i) {
        printf("%d ", *ptr1);

        if ((i + 1) % 4 == 0)
            printf("\n");
    }
                         
    printf("\n输出3: 使用指针变量ptr2(指向一维数组)间接访问\n");
    for (ptr2 = x; ptr2 < x + 2; ++ptr2) {
        for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
            printf("%d ", *(*ptr2 + j));
        printf("\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

运行结果:

问题1:存放int类型数据地址的指针变量

问题2:指向包含四个元素的一维数组的指针变量

 

任务四

源代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 80

void replace(char *str, char old_char, char new_char); 

int main() {
    char text[N] = "Programming is difficult or not, it is a question.";

    printf("原始文本: \n");
    printf("%s\n", text);

    replace(text, 'i', '*'); 

    printf("处理后文本: \n");
    printf("%s\n", text);

    return 0;
}


void replace(char *str, char old_char, char new_char) {
    int i;

    while(*str) {
        if(*str == old_char)
            *str = new_char;
        str++;
    }
}

运行结果:

问题1: 将字符串中的某个旧字符替换成新字符

问题2: 可以

 

任务五

源代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 80

char *str_trunc(char *str, char x);

int main() {
    char str[N];
    char ch;

    while(printf("输入字符串: "), gets(str) != NULL) {
        printf("输入一个字符: ");
        ch = getchar();

        printf("截断处理...\n");
        str_trunc(str, ch);         // 函数调用

        printf("截断处理后的字符串: %s\n\n", str);
        getchar();
    }

    return 0;
}
char  *str_trunc(char *str, char x) {
    int i = 0;
    while (str[i]!= '\0') {
        if (str[i] == x) {
            str[i] = '\0' ;
            break;
        }
        i++;
    }
    return str;
}

运行结果:

问题:保证回车键不被读取

 

任务六

源代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define N 5

int check_id(char *str); 

int main()
{
    char *pid[N] = {"31010120000721656X",
                    "3301061996X0203301",
                    "53010220051126571",
                    "510104199211197977",
                    "53010220051126133Y"};
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
        if (check_id(pid[i])) // 函数调用
            printf("%s\tTrue\n", pid[i]);
        else
            printf("%s\tFalse\n", pid[i]);

    return 0;
}

int check_id(char *str) {
    int len = strlen(str);
    if (len!=18)
    return 0;
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < len-1; i++){
        if((str[i] < '0' || str[i] > '9'))
        return 0;
    }
    if (str[len - 1]!= 'X' && (str[len - 1] < '0' || str[len - 1] > '9'))
    return 0;
    else
    return 1;
}

运行结果:

 

任务七

源代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 80
void encoder(char *str, int n); 
void decoder(char *str, int n);

int main() {
    char words[N];
    int n;

    printf("输入英文文本: ");
    gets(words);

    printf("输入n: ");
    scanf("%d", &n);

    printf("编码后的英文文本: ");
    encoder(words, n);    
    printf("%s\n", words);

    printf("对编码后的英文文本解码: ");
    decoder(words, n);
    printf("%s\n", words);

    return 0;
}



void encoder(char *str, int n) {
    int i = 0;
    while (str[i]!='\0') {
        if (str[i] >= 'a' && str[i] <= 'z' ){
            str[i] = (str[i] - 'a' + n) % 26 + 'a';
        }
        else if (str[i] >= 'A' && str[i] <= 'Z'){
                str[i] = (str[i] + n - 'A') % 26 + 'A';
            }
            
        i++;
    }
    
}


void decoder(char *str, int n) {
    int i = 0;
    while(str[i]!='\0'){
        if (str[i] >= 'a' && str[i] <= 'z' ){
            str[i] = (str[i] - 'a' - n + 26) % 26 + 'a';
        }
        else if (str[i] >= 'A' && str[i] <= 'Z'){
                str[i] = (str[i] - n - 'A' + 26) % 26 + 'A';
            }
        i++;          
    } 
}

 

运行结果:

 

任务八

源代码:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    void swap(char *a[], int i, int j){
        char *temp = argv[i];
        argv[i] = argv[j];
        argv = temp;
    }
    void bubbleSort(char *arr[], int n){
        int i, j;
        for (i = 0; i < n - 1;i++){
            for (j = 0;j < n - i - 1; j++){
                if(strcmp(argv[j],argv[j+1]) > 0){
                    swap(argv, j ,j+1);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    bubbleSort(argv, argc);
    int i;

    for(i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
        printf("hello, %s\n", argv[i]);

    return 0;
}

运行结果:

 

posted @ 2024-12-08 17:42  林子龙  阅读(2)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报