RockyLinux9编译安装MySQL8
Linux版本: Rocky Linux release 9.5 (Blue Onyx)
1.下载
打开MySQL-Community-Server官方下载页面:https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
筛选出要下载的版本，Product Version选择8.0.39，Operating System选择Source Code，OS Version选择All，然后选择最后一个自带boost的MySQL源码包All Operating Systems (Generic) (Architecture Independent), Compressed TAR Archive Includes Boost Headers (mysql-boost-8.0.39.tar.gz)，进行下载，并将下载到的源码包先放到服务器的/opt目录下。
下载链接:
-
mysql-boost-8.0.39.tar.gz
https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-boost-8.0.39.tar.gz
解压tar包，得到文件夹mysql-8.0.39，里面就是MySQL源码和一些构建信息
[root@localhost opt]# cd mysql-8.0.39/
[root@localhost mysql-8.0.39]# ll
total 684
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 31415 94660 Jul 13 03:15 CMakeLists.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 7161 31415 65 Jul 13 03:43 Docs
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 31415 5425 Jul 13 03:15 Doxyfile-ignored
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 31415 123326 Jul 13 03:15 Doxyfile.in
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 31415 333 Jul 13 03:15 INSTALL
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 31415 282186 Jul 13 03:15 LICENSE
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 31415 118 Jul 13 03:15 MYSQL_VERSION
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 31415 666 Jul 13 03:15 README
drwxr-xr-x. 3 7161 31415 26 Jul 13 03:45 boost
drwxr-xr-x. 10 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 client
drwxr-xr-x. 4 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 cmake
drwxr-xr-x. 16 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 components
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 31415 10843 Jul 13 03:15 config.h.cmake
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 31415 23642 Jul 13 03:15 configure.cmake
drwxr-xr-x. 3 7161 31415 124 Jul 13 03:43 doxygen_resources
drwxr-xr-x. 19 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 extra
drwxr-xr-x. 4 7161 31415 8192 Jul 13 03:43 include
drwxr-xr-x. 5 7161 31415 112 Jul 13 03:43 libbinlogevents
drwxr-xr-x. 3 7161 31415 39 Jul 13 03:43 libbinlogstandalone
drwxr-xr-x. 4 7161 31415 54 Jul 13 03:43 libchangestreams
drwxr-xr-x. 7 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 libmysql
drwxr-xr-x. 2 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 libservices
drwxr-xr-x. 2 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:45 man
drwxr-xr-x. 10 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 mysql-test
drwxr-xr-x. 2 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 mysys
drwxr-xr-x. 10 7161 31415 131 Jul 13 03:43 packaging
drwxr-xr-x. 25 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 plugin
drwxr-xr-x. 6 7161 31415 155 Jul 13 03:43 router
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 31415 6268 Jul 13 03:15 run_doxygen.cmake
drwxr-xr-x. 4 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 scripts
drwxr-xr-x. 3 7161 31415 155 Jul 13 03:43 share
drwxr-xr-x. 24 7161 31415 24576 Jul 13 03:44 sql
drwxr-xr-x. 3 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 sql-common
drwxr-xr-x. 14 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:45 storage
drwxr-xr-x. 3 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 strings
drwxr-xr-x. 2 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 support-files
drwxr-xr-x. 2 7161 31415 101 Jul 13 03:43 testclients
drwxr-xr-x. 5 7161 31415 70 Jul 13 03:43 unittest
drwxr-xr-x. 2 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 utilities
drwxr-xr-x. 2 7161 31415 4096 Jul 13 03:43 vio
和编译MySQl5.7一样，进入boost/文件夹下，查看boost是哪个版本，一会编译时会用到。
[root@localhost mysql-8.0.39]# cd boost/
[root@localhost boost]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 3 7161 31415 19 Jul 13 03:45 boost_1_77_0
2.编译安装前准备
1.新添加一个用户: mysql
useradd mysql
2.安装编译所需依赖
dnf install -y make cmake gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel openssl-devel libtirpc
还有些不能通过yum安装的软件包要手动下载安装
yum install -y wget
wget https://dl.rockylinux.org/pub/rocky/9/devel/x86_64/os/Packages/l/libtirpc-devel-1.3.3-9.el9.x86_64.rpm
wget https://dl.rockylinux.org/pub/rocky/9/AppStream/x86_64/os/Packages/r/rpcgen-1.4-9.el9.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libtirpc-devel-1.3.3-9.el9.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh rpcgen-1.4-9.el9.x86_64.rpm
然后再安装MySQL8.0.39需要的gcc工具集，安装前，需要升级软件包libsemanage为高版本，同样需要下载软件包到本地，然后rpm -Uvh更新
wget https://dl.rockylinux.org/pub/rocky/9/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/l/libsemanage-3.6-2.1.el9_5.x86_64.rpm
rpm -Uvh libsemanage-3.6-2.1.el9_5.x86_64.rpm
然后执行安装gcc工具集命令
yum install gcc-toolset-12-gcc gcc-toolset-12-gcc-c++ gcc-toolset-12-binutils gcc-toolset-12-annobin-annocheck gcc-toolset-12-annobin-plugin-gcc
3./usr/local/下必须新建文件夹mysql
mkdir /usr/local/mysql
3.编译安装
1.在源码目录/opt/mysql-8.0.39下执行cmake命令，进行编译前的检查和配置，使用CMake配置和生成MySQL源码编译所需的构建系统文件，安装MySQL到/usr/local/mysql目录下，-DWITH_BOOST=的路径根据源码包内自带boost的版本而定，默认端口3306，数据路径/usr/local/mysql/data，字符集utf8mb4
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DFORCE_INSOURCE_BUILD=1 \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost/boost_1_77_0/
2.cmake命令执行成功后，执行以下make命令开始编译安装，-j 2是同时开启两个线程编译，加速编译
make -j 2 && make install
执行后，开始编译，不断输出日志，编译的过程很耗时间，需要等待很久，编译完成后，可以在/usr/local/mysql目录下看到编译好的MySQL
[root@localhost mysql-8.0.39]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# ll
total 704
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 282186 Jul 13 03:15 LICENSE
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 282186 Jul 13 03:15 LICENSE-test
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 115948 Jul 13 03:15 LICENSE.router
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 666 Jul 13 03:15 README
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 666 Jul 13 03:15 README-test
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 679 Jul 13 03:15 README.router
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 21 18:08 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 69 Dec 21 18:08 docs
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Dec 21 18:08 include
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 Dec 21 18:08 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 30 Dec 21 18:08 man
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root 4096 Dec 21 18:08 mysql-test
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1672 Dec 21 13:33 mysqlrouter-log-rotate
drwxrwxr-x. 2 root root 6 Dec 21 18:08 run
drwxr-xr-x. 28 root root 4096 Dec 21 18:08 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 77 Dec 21 18:08 support-files
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Dec 21 18:08 var
4.安装后配置
1.在/usr/local/mysql创建一个mysql配置文件，并写入字符集相关配置进去。
vi /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf
[mysqld]
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8mb4
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
2.在/usr/local/mysql下执行命令初始化MySQL数据库
./bin/mysqld \
--defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data \
--initialize-insecure
3.在/usr/local/mysql目录执行以下命令，将文件所有者设置为之前新建的mysql用户
chown -R mysql:mysql ./
5.启动和测试MySQL Server
在/usr/local/mysql下执行启动脚本文件启动数据库
./support-files/mysql.server start
关闭
./support-files/mysql.server stop
重启
./support-files/mysql.server restart
登录数据库测试，切换到目录/usr/local/mysql，执行./bin/mysql -uroot -p命令登录数据库，root密码默认是空
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.39 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
修改默认密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'lzj';
修改后要刷新权限
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
刷新权限后退出使用新密码再次登录，此时已经可以正常操作数据库了。
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.39 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 8.0.39 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_system | utf8mb3 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.02 sec)
至此，就完成了在RockyLinux9上面安装和运行MySQL8
