java_JDBC(6)

DataBaseMetaData对象:由Connection.getDataBaseMetaData()方法获得,可以用来获取数据库的元数据,提供的方法有:

  • getURL():返回一个String类,代表数据库的URL,例:jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/dataname;
  • getUserName:返回连接数据库管理系统的用户名,例:root@localhost;
  • getDatabaseProductName():返回数据库的产品名,例:MYSQL
  • getDatabaseProductVersion():返回数据库的版本号,例:5.1.44-community;
  • getDriverName():返回驱动程序名;例:MySQL-AB JDBC Driver;
  • getDriverVersion():返回驱动程序的版本号;例:mysql-connector-java-5.0.8;
  • isReadOnly():返回布尔值,表示是否只允许读;

ParametrMetaData对象:由PrepareStatement.getParameterMetaData()方法获得,可以用来获取PreparedStatement对象的元数据,常用的方法有:

  • getParameterCount():获得指定参数的个数;
  • getParameterType(int):获取指定参数的sql类型;
String sql = "select * from user where name = ? and password = ?";
PreparedStatement st = conn.PrepareStatement(sql);
ParameterMetaData pm = st.getParameterMetaData();
pm.getParameterCount();
pm.getParameterType(1);

ResultSetMetaData对象:由ResultSet.getMetaData()方法获得,用来获取ResultSet对象的元数据,常用的方法:

  • getColumnCount():返回resultset对象的列数;
  • getColumnName(int column):获得指定的列名;
  • getColumnTypeName(int column):获得指定列的类型;

开发一个jdbcUtils工具类:

package lzj.learn;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Properties;

public class JdbcUtils{
    private static String driver = null;
    private static String url = null;
    private staric String username = null;
    private static String password = null;
    //读取db.properties文件,对参数都赋予值;
    static{
        try{
            InputStream in = Jdbc.Utils.class.getClassLoader().getResourseAsStream("db.properties");
            Porperties prop = new Properties();
            prop.load(in);
            driver = prop.getProperty("driver");
            url = prop.getProperty("url");
            username = prop.getProperty("username");
            password = prop.getProperty("password");
            Class.forName(driver);
            }catch(Exception e) {
                throw new ExceptionInInitializeError(e);
            }
    }
    //连接数据库,获取连接对象
    public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException{
        return DriverManafer.getConnection(url,username,password);
    }
    //释放资源
    public static void release(Connection conn,Statement st,ResultSet rs) {
    if(rs!=null){
        try{
            rs.close();
        }catch (Exception e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
        }
        rs = null;
     }
    if(st!=null){
        try{
            st.close();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    if(conn!=null){
        try{
            conn.close();
        }catch{
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    }
    //更新数据库;sql参数:要执行的SQL语句;params[]:执行时使用的参数
    public static void update (String sql , Object params[]) throws SQLException{
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement st = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try{
            conn = getConnection();
            st = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            for(int = 0 ;i<params.length;i++){
                st.setObject(i+1,params[i]);
            }
            st.executeUpdate();
        }finally{
            release(conn,st,rs);
        }
    }
    //查询数据库,与更新数据库不同的是,查询数据库多提供了一个处理结果集的处理器
    public static Object query(String sql ,Object params[],ResultSetHandler rsh) throws SQLException{    
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement st = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try{
            conn = getConnection();
            st = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            for(int i = 0;i<params.length;i++){
                st.setObject(i+1,params[i]);
            }
            rs = st.executeQuery();
            return rsh.handler(rs);//将查询的结果集交给ResultSetHandler类,再通过定义ResultSetHandler类,实现handler方法即可实现对结果集的操作;
        }finally{
            release(conn,st,rs);
        }
    }
}

对处理器接口ResultSetHandler定义可如下:

package lzj.learn;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
//结果集处理接口
public interface ResultSetHandler{
    public Object handler (ResultSet rs);//通过实现handler方法实现对结果集的操作
}

有了上述的框架后,就可以针对单个实体对象进行CRUD了;

packagec lzj.learn;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import me.gacl.domain.Account;
import me.gacl.util.BeanHandler;
import me.gacl.util.BeanListHandler;
import me.gacl.util.JdbcUtils;

public class AccountDao {

    public void add(Account account) throws SQLException{
        String sql = "insert into account(name,money) values(?,?)";
        Object params[] = {account.getName(),account.getMoney()};
        JdbcUtils.update(sql, params);
    }
    
    
    public void delete(int id) throws SQLException{
        String sql = "delete from account where id=?";
        Object params[] = {id};
        JdbcUtils.update(sql, params);
    }
    
    public void update(Account account) throws SQLException{
        
        String sql = "update account set name=?,money=? where id=?";
        Object params[] = {account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId()};
        JdbcUtils.update(sql, params);
        
    }
    
    public Account find(int id) throws SQLException{
        String sql = "select * from account where id=?";
        Object params[] = {id};
        return (Account) JdbcUtils.query(sql, params, new BeanHandler(Account.class));
    }
    
    public List<Account> getAll() throws SQLException{
        String sql = "select * from account";
        Object params[] = {};
        return (List<Account>) JdbcUtils.query(sql, params,new BeanListHandler(Account.class));
    }
}

 

posted @ 2019-10-22 13:48  xiao兆  阅读(245)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报